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Erschienen in: Arthroskopie 1/2016

01.02.2016 | Arthroskopie | Leitthema

„Return to sports“ nach femoroazetabulärer Impingement-Operation

verfasst von: J. H. Schröder, M. Bizzini, S. Fickert, P. Hölmich, J. Krüger, S. Kopf

Erschienen in: Arthroskopie | Ausgabe 1/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Die schmerzhafte Hüfte und deren Begleitpathologien stellen eine verstärkt erkannte Problematik bei Sportlern dar. Das femoroazetabuläre Impingement (FAI) wurde in den letzten Jahren als wichtige Ursache für Hüft- und Leistenschmerzen bei jungen Sportlern und als eine mögliche Ursache für die verfrühte Entstehung der Koxarthrose identifiziert. Gefährdende Sportarten sind v. a. solche mit schnellen Richtungswechseln (z. B. Fußball, Basketball), mit einer starken Beugung des Hüftgelenks (z. B. Kampfsportarten, [Eis-]Hockey, Eisschnelllauf) und mit supraphysiologischem Bewegungsausmaß (z. B. Tanzen). Neben der Reduktion der Schmerzen und dem Abwenden einer weiteren Schädigung des Gelenks sind die Verbesserung der körperlichen Aktivität und die Rückkehr zum Sport häufige Motivationen des Sportlers, sich einer Operation zu unterziehen, und besitzen daher einen hohen Stellenwert für die Patientenzufriedenheit. Bei rechtzeitiger Diagnosestellung kann mit einem guten klinischen Outcome und einer hohen Rate der Rückkehr zum Sport auf gleichem Niveau gerechnet werden. Die Evidenz für die postoperative Rehabilitation ist schwach; sie verläuft i. Allg. in 4 Phasen. Während die erste Phase zeitbasiert ist und der Protektion der biologischen Heilung dient, verlaufen die weiteren Phasen vornehmlich kriterienbasiert. Der Athlet sollte nach Abschluss der letzten Phase uneingeschränkt zu seiner Sportart zurückkehren. Erste Kriterien für einen „return to sports“ sind beschrieben worden; diese bilden die Grundlage unterschiedlicher Testbatterien, die das Leistungsniveau des Sportlers überprüfen. Maßgeblich für den erfolgreichen „return to sports“ scheint neben der Motivation des Patienten das Ausmaß der Knorpelschädigung zu sein.
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Metadaten
Titel
„Return to sports“ nach femoroazetabulärer Impingement-Operation
verfasst von
J. H. Schröder
M. Bizzini
S. Fickert
P. Hölmich
J. Krüger
S. Kopf
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Arthroskopie / Ausgabe 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0933-7946
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-3924
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00142-015-0060-z

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