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Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
Erschienen in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 6/2014

01.12.2014 | Review

Focus on metabolic and nutritional correlates of polycystic ovary syndrome and update on nutritional management of these critical phenomena

verfasst von: Mariangela Rondanelli, Simone Perna, Milena Faliva, Francesca Monteferrario, Erica Repaci, Francesca Allieri

Erschienen in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics | Ausgabe 6/2014

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Abstract

Introduction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with numerous metabolic morbidities (insulin resistance (IR), central obesity) and various nutritional abnormalities (vitamin D deficit, mineral milieu alterations, omega6/omega3 PUFA ratio unbalance).

Methods

We performed a systematic literature review to evaluate the till-now evidence regarding: (1) the metabolic and nutritional correlates of PCOS; (2) the optimum diet therapy for the treatment of these abnormalities. This review included 127 eligible studies.

Results

In addition to the well-recognized link between PCOS and IR, the recent literature underlines that in PCOS there is an unbalance in adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, visfatin) production and in omega6/omega3 PUFA ratio. Given the detrimental effect of overweight on these metabolic abnormalities, a change in the lifestyle must be the cornerstone in the treatment of PCOS patients. The optimum diet therapy for the PCOS treatment must aim at achieving specific metabolic goals, such as IR improvement, adipokines secretion and reproductive function. These goals must be reached through: accession of the patient to hypocaloric dietary program aimed at achieving and/or maintaining body weight; limiting the consumption of sugar and refined carbohydrates, preferring those with lower glycemic index; dividing the food intake in small and frequent meals, with high caloric intake at breakfast; increasing their intake of fish (4 times/week) or taking omega3 PUFA supplements; taking Vitamin D and chromium supplementation, if there are low serum levels.

Conclusion

Lifestyle intervention remains the optimal treatment strategy for PCOS women. A relatively small weight loss (5 %) can improve IR, hyperandrogenism, menstrual function, fertility.
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Metadaten
Titel
Focus on metabolic and nutritional correlates of polycystic ovary syndrome and update on nutritional management of these critical phenomena
verfasst von
Mariangela Rondanelli
Simone Perna
Milena Faliva
Francesca Monteferrario
Erica Repaci
Francesca Allieri
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics / Ausgabe 6/2014
Print ISSN: 0932-0067
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0711
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-014-3433-z

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