Background
Methods
Participants
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The Romberg test, standing with feet together for 60 s, first with eyes open and then with eyes closed [19]. Time in seconds was noted.
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Standing one leg eyes open (SOLEO) and standing one leg eyes closed (SOLEC) for 30 s [20].
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Walking heel to toe for 5 m on a 5-cm-wide line marked on the floor [21]. The number of steps outside the line was noted.
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Walking in a figure of eight, with the number of steps outside the figure being noted [22].
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Tandem standing with eyes open and with eyes closed for 30 s [23].
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Standing one leg eyes open (SOLEO) and standing one leg eyes closed (SOLEC) for 30 s [20].
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Walking heel to toe for 5 m on a 5-cm-wide line marked on the floor [21]. The number of steps outside the line was noted.
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Walking in a figure of eight, with the number of steps outside the figure being noted [22].
Statistics
Ethics
Results
Measures | All at baseline n = 102 | No fracture at follow-up n = 60 | Fracture at follow-up n = 42 | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 78.7 | 77.9 | 80 | 0.318 |
Women/men (n) | 70/32 | 38/22 | 32/10 | 0.168 |
Deceased (n) | 73 (72%) | 39 (65%) | 34 (81%) | 0.079 |
Romberg eyes open n = 50 (s) | 56.0 | 56.9 | 54.8 | 0.562 |
Romberg eyes closed n = 50 (s) | 48.2 | 45.9 | 51.1 | 0.370 |
Tandem Romberg eyes open n = 53 (s) | 16.0 | 17.2 | 14.0 | 0.377 |
Tandem Romberg eyes closed n = 53 (s) | 3.5 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 0.397 |
SOLEO (s) | 8.2 | 7.8 | 8.7 | 0.628 |
SOLEC (s) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.753 |
Figure of eight (number of mistakes) | 13.0 | 12.8 | 13.2 | 0.896 |
Walking heel to toe (number of mistakes) | 6.8 | 7.3 | 6.0 | 0.260 |
Admitted to hospital for other reason than a fracture (n) | 90 | 52 | 38 | 0.556 |
Independent variable | OR | 95% CI |
---|---|---|
Romberg OE* | 0.93 | 0.86–1.01 |
Romberg CE* | 1.05 | 0.99–1.11 |
Tandem Romberg OE* | 0.99 | 0.94–1.04 |
Tandem Romberg CE* | 0.97 | 0.88–1.08 |
SOLE OE* | 1.01 | 0.95–1.07 |
SOLE CE* | 0.99 | 0.76–1.29 |
Walking h-t-t | 0.94 | 0.85–1.04 |
Walking 8 | 1.01 | 0.97–1.06 |
Westibular rehab | 0.73 | 0.33–1.64 |