1. Background
2. Methods
2.1 Study design and Population
2.2 Assessment of opioid consumption
Prescription Opioid | Conversion Factor to MME [18] | Preoperative Prescription Frequency (%) (n = 41) | Post discharge Prescription Frequency (%) (n = 87) |
---|---|---|---|
Codeine | 0.15 | 2.4 | 0 |
Hydrocodonea | 1 | 12.2 | 2.1 |
Hydromorphone | 4 | 7.3 | 16.1 |
Methadone | 4 | 4.9 | 1.1 |
Morphine | 1 | 9.8 | 1.1 |
Oxycodoneb | 1.5 | 41.5 | 79.3 |
Oxymorphone | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Tramadol | 0.1 | 17.1 | 1.1 |
2.3 Assessment of pain
2.4 Preoperative evaluation of Frailty
2.5 Statistical analysis
3. Results
All Participants (
n
=117)
|
CFS With Frailty (
n
=26)
|
CFS Without Frailty (
n
=91)
|
P
Value
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years)
| 73.0 (67.0, 77.0) | 76.0 (67.0, 81.0) | 72.0 (67.0, 77.0) | 0.20 |
Gender (men %)
| Male: 64% | Male: 46% | Male: 69% | 0.03 |
Preoperative opioid use (% (n))
| 26.5% (31) | 46.2% (12) | 20.9% (19) | 0.01 |
PCS
| 6.0 (1.0, 13.0) | 13.0 (5.8, 21.5) | 4.0 (1.0, 11.0) | 0.01 |
VAS
| 4.0 (1.0, 4.0) | 7.0 (2.5, 8.0) | 3.0 (0.5, 7.0) | 0.01 |
Length of Stay (days)
| 3.0 (1.0, 6.0) | 5.0 (2.0, 6.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 5.0) | <0.01 |
Surgery Type (%)
| ||||
Surgical Spine | 36% | 42% | 34% | |
Vascular | 15% | 12% | 16% | |
Neurosurgery | 17% | 15% | 18% | |
Orthopedic | 15% | 19% | 14% | |
Foot and Ankle | 11% | 4% | 13% | |
Femur and Humerus | 4% | 15% | 1% | |
Othera | 16% | 12% | 18% |