nach oben

Abdominal Radiology

Erschienen in:

19.03.2018

Functional MRI in transplanted kidneys

verfasst von: Alexandra Ljimani, Hans-Jörg Wittsack, Rotem S. Lanzman

Erschienen in: Abdominal Radiology | Ausgabe 10/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Renal transplantation is the therapy of choice for patients with end-stage renal diseases. Improvement of immunosuppressive therapy has significantly increased the half-life of renal allografts over the past decade. Nevertheless, complications can still arise. An early detection of allograft dysfunction is mandatory for a good outcome. New advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have enabled the noninvasive assessment of different functional renal parameters in addition to anatomic imaging. Most of these techniques were widely tested on renal allografts in past decades and a lot of clinical data are available. The following review summarizes the comprehensive, functional MRI techniques for the noninvasive assessment of renal allograft function and highlights their potential for the investigations of different etiologies of graft dysfunction.

Lodhi SA, Meier-Kriesche H-U (2011) Kidney allograft survival: the long and short of it. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26(1):15–17PubMedCrossRef

Chandraker A (1999) Diagnostic techniques in the work-up of renal allograft dysfunction–an update. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 8(6):723–728PubMedCrossRef

Furness PN, et al. (2003) Protocol biopsy of the stable renal transplant: a multicenter study of methods and complication rates. Transplantation 76(6):969PubMedCrossRef

Schwarz A, Gwinner W, Hiss M, et al. (2005) Safety and adequacy of renal transplant protocol biopsies. Am J Transplant 5(8):1992–1996PubMedCrossRef

Tøndel C, Vikse BE, Bostad L, Svarstad E (2012) Safety and complications of percutaneous kidney biopsies in 715 children and 8573 adults in Norway 1988-2010. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol CJASN 7(10):1591–1597PubMedCrossRef

Fang YC, Siegelman ES (2001) Complications of renal transplantation: MR findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 25(6):836–842PubMedCrossRef

Browne RFJ, Tuite DJ (2006) Imaging of the renal transplant: comparison of MRI with duplex sonography. Abdom Imaging 31(4):461–482PubMedCrossRef

Sharfuddin A (2014) Renal relevant radiology: imaging in kidney transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol CJASN 9(2):416–429PubMedCrossRef

Marckmann P, Skov L, Rossen K, et al. (2006) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: suspected causative role of gadodiamide used for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Soc Nephrol 17(9):2359–2362PubMedCrossRef

10.

Grobner T (2006) Gadolinium - a spezific trigger for the development of nephrogenic fibrosis dermopathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis? Nephrol Dial Transplant 21:1104–1108PubMedCrossRef

11.

Thomsen HS, Morcos SK, Dawson P (2006) Is there a casual relation between the administration of gadolinium based contrast media and the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)? Clin Radiol 61(11):905–906PubMedCrossRef

12.

Roditi G, Maki JH, Oliveira G, Michaely HJ (2009) Renovascular imaging in the NSF Era. J Magn Reson Imaging 30(6):1323–1334PubMedCrossRef

13.

McDonald RJ, et al. (2015) Intracranial gadolinium deposition after contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology 275(3):772–782PubMedCrossRef

14.

Kanda T, Ishii K, Kawaguchi H, Kitajima K, Takenaka D (2014) High signal intensity in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images: relationship with increasing cumulative dose of a gadolinium-based contrast material. Radiology 270(3):834–841PubMedCrossRef

15.

Kanda T, et al. (2015) High signal intensity in dentate nucleus on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images: association with linear versus macrocyclic gadolinium chelate administration. Radiology 275(3):803–809PubMedCrossRef

16.

Kanda T, et al. (2015) Gadolinium-based contrast agent accumulates in the brain even in subjects without severe renal dysfunction: evaluation of autopsy brain specimens with inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Radiology 276(1):228–232PubMedCrossRef

17.

Errante Y, Cirimele V, Mallio CA, et al. (2014) Progressive increase of T1 signal intensity of the dentate nucleus on unenhanced magnetic resonance images is associated with cumulative doses of intravenously administered gadodiamide in patients with normal renal function, suggesting dechelation. Invest Radiol 49(10):685–690PubMedCrossRef

18.

Grenier N, Basseau F, Ries M, et al. (2003) Functional MRI of the kidney. Abdom Imaging 28(2):164–175PubMedCrossRef

19.

Sourbron SP, Michaely HJ, Reiser MF, Schoenberg SO (2008) MRI-measurement of perfusion and glomerular filtration in the human kidney with a separable compartment model. Invest Radiol 43(1):40–48PubMedCrossRef

20.

Hackstein N, Kooijman H, Tomaselli S, Rau WS (2005) Glomerular filtration rate measured using the Patlak plot technique and contrast-enhanced dynamic MRI with different amounts of gadolinium-DTPA. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 22(3):406–414PubMedCrossRef

21.

Bokacheva L, Rusinek H, Zhang JL, Chen Q, Lee VS (2009) Estimates of glomerular filtration rate from MR renography and tracer kinetic models. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 29(2):371–382PubMedCrossRef

22.

Lee VS, et al. (2007) Renal function measurements from MR renography and a simplified multicompartmental model. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 292(5):F1548–F1559PubMedCrossRef

23.

Grenier N, et al. (2008) Measurement of glomerular filtration rate with magnetic resonance imaging: principles, limitations, and expectations. Semin Nucl Med 38(1):47–55PubMedCrossRef

24.

Boss A, et al. (2007) Quantitative assessment of glomerular filtration rate with MR gadolinium slope clearance measurements: a phase I trial. Radiology 242(3):783–790PubMedCrossRef

25.

Michaely HJ, Sourbron SP, Buettner C, et al. (2008) Temporal constraints in renal perfusion imaging with a 2-compartment model. Invest Radiol 43(2):120–128PubMedCrossRef

26.

Hackstein N, Heckrodt J, Rau WS (2003) Measurement of single-kidney glomerular filtration rate using a contrast-enhanced dynamic gradient-echo sequence and the Rutland-Patlak plot technique. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 18(6):714–725PubMedCrossRef

27.

Buckley DL, Shurrab AE, Cheung CM, et al. (2006) Measurement of single kidney function using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI: comparison of two models in human subjects. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 24(5):1117–1123PubMedCrossRef

28.

Baumann D, Rudin M (2000) Quantitative assessment of rat kidney function by measuring the clearance of the contrast agent Gd(DOTA) using dynamic MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 18(5):587–595PubMedCrossRef

29.

Zhang JL, et al. (2008) Functional assessment of the kidney from magnetic resonance and computed tomography renography: Impulse retention approach to a multicompartment model. Magn Reson Med 59(2):278–288PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

30.

Szolar DH, et al. (1997) Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human renal allografts during the post-transplant period: preliminary observations. Magn Reson Imaging 15(7):727–735PubMedCrossRef

31.

Yamamoto A, et al. (2011) Quantitative evaluation of acute renal transplant dysfunction with low-dose three-dimensional MR renography. Radiology 260(3):781–789PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

32.

Wentland AL, Sadowski EA, Djamali A, et al. (2009) Quantitative MR measures of intrarenal perfusion in the assessment of transplanted kidneys: initial experience. Acad Radiol 16(9):1077–1085PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

33.

Agildere AM, Tarhan NC, Bozdagi G, et al. (1999) Correlation of quantitative dynamic magnetic resonance imaging findings with pathology results in renal transplants: a preliminary report. Transplant Proc 31(8):3312–3316PubMedCrossRef

34.

Lee VS, Rusinek H, Noz ME, et al. (2003) Dynamic three-dimensional MR renography for the measurement of single kidney function: initial experience. Radiology 227(1):289–294PubMedCrossRef

35.

Huber A, et al. (2001) Contrast-enhanced MR angiography in patients after kidney transplantation. Eur Radiol 11(12):2488–2495PubMedCrossRef

36.

Gufler H, Weimer W, Neu K, Wagner S, Rau WS (2009) Contrast enhanced MR angiography with parallel imaging in the early period after renal transplantation. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 29(4):909–916PubMedCrossRef

37.

Lanzman RS, et al. (2009) ECG-gated nonenhanced 3D steady-state free precession MR angiography in assessment of transplant renal arteries: comparison with DSA. Radiology 252(3):914–921PubMedCrossRef

38.

Liu X, et al. (2009) Renal transplant: nonenhanced renal MR angiography with magnetization-prepared steady-state free precession. Radiology 251(2):535–542PubMedCrossRef

39.

Ismaeel MM, Abdel-Hamid A (2011) Role of high resolution contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (HR CeMRA) in management of arterial complications of the renal transplant. Eur J Radiol 79(2):e122–e127PubMedCrossRef

40.

Bashir MR, Jaffe TA, Brennan TV, Patel UD, Ellis MJ (2013) Renal transplant imaging using magnetic resonance angiography with a nonnephrotoxic contrast agent. Transplantation 96(1):91–96PubMedCrossRef

41.

Hwang JK, et al. (2013) Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in the early period after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 45(8):2925–2930PubMedCrossRef

42.

Tang H, et al. (2014) Depiction of transplant renal vascular anatomy and complications: unenhanced MR angiography by using spatial labeling with multiple inversion pulses. Radiology 271(3):879–887PubMedCrossRef

43.

de Priester JA, et al. (2003) Automated quantitative evaluation of diseased and nondiseased renal transplants with MR renography. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 17(1):95–103PubMedCrossRef

44.

Loubeyre P, et al. (1994) Screening patients for renal artery stenosis: value of three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 162(4):847–852PubMedCrossRef

45.

Fellner C, et al. (1995) Renal arteries: evaluation with optimized 2D and 3D time-of-flight MR angiography. Radiology 196(3):681–687PubMedCrossRef

46.

Fananapazir G, Bashir MR, Corwin MT, et al. (2017) Comparison of ferumoxytol-enhanced MRA with conventional angiography for assessment of severity of transplant renal artery stenosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 45(3):779–785PubMedCrossRef

47.

Corwin MT, Fananapazir G, Chaudhari AJ (2016) MR angiography of renal transplant vasculature with ferumoxytol: comparison of high-resolution steady-state and first-pass acquisitions. Acad Radiol 23(3):368–373PubMedCrossRef

48.

Notohamiprodjo M, Reiser MF, Sourbron SP (2010) Diffusion and perfusion of the kidney. Eur J Radiol 76(3):337–347PubMedCrossRef

49.

Thoeny HC, De Keyzer F (2011) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of native and transplanted kidneys. Radiology 259(1):25–38PubMedCrossRef

50.

Le Bihan D, Breton E, Lallemand D, et al. (1986) MR imaging of intravoxel incoherent motions: application to diffusion and perfusion in neurologic disorders. Radiology 161(November):401–407PubMedCrossRef

51.

Le Bihan D, Breton E, Lallemand D, et al. (1988) Separation of diffusion and perfusion in intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging. Radiology 168(2):497–505PubMedCrossRef

52.

Eisenberger U, et al. (2010) Evaluation of renal allograft function early after transplantation with diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Eur Radiol 20(6):1374–1383PubMedCrossRef

53.

Wittsack H, Lanzman RS, Mathys C, et al. (2010) Statistical evaluation of diffusion-weighted imaging of the human kidney. Magn Reson Med 64(2):616–622PubMed

54.

Pentang G, Lanzman RS, Heusch P, Müller-Lutz A, Blondin D (2014) Diffusion kurtosis imaging of the human kidney: a feasibility study. Magn Reson Imaging 32:413–420PubMedCrossRef

55.

Ljimani A, Lanzman RS, Müller-Lutz A, Antoch G, Wittsack H-J (2017) Non-gaussian diffusion evaluation of the human kidney by Padé exponent model. J Magn Reson Imaging

56.

Notohamiprodjo M, Dietrich O, Horger W, et al. (2010) Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the Kidney at 3 tesla-feasibility, protocol evaluation and comparison to 1.5 Tesla. Invest Radiol 45(5):245–254PubMedCrossRef

57.

Lanzman RS, et al. (2013) Kidney transplant: functional assessment with diffusion-tensor MR imaging at 3T. Radiology 266(1):218–225PubMedCrossRef

58.

Le Bihan D, van Zijl P (2002) From the diffusion coefficient to the diffusion tensor. NMR Biomed 15:431–434PubMedCrossRef

59.

Ries M, Jones RA, Basseau F, Moonen CTW, Grenier N (2001) Diffusion tensor MRI of the human kidney. J Magn Reson Imaging 14(1):42–49PubMedCrossRef

60.

Notohamiprodjo M, et al. (2008) Diffusion tensor imaging of the kidney with parallel imaging: initial clinical experience. Invest Radiol 43(10):677–685PubMedCrossRef

61.

Blondin D, et al. (2009) Functional MRI of transplanted kidneys using diffusion-weighted imaging. ROFO Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Nuklearmed 181(12):1162–1167PubMedCrossRef

62.

Blondin D, et al. (2011) Diffusion-attenuated MRI signal of renal allografts: comparison of two different statistical models. AJR Am J Roentgenol 196(6):W701–W705PubMedCrossRef

63.

Eisenberger U, Binser T, Thoeny HC, et al. (2014) Living renal allograft transplantation: diffusion-weighted MR imaging in longitudinal follow-up of the donated and the remaining kidney. Radiology 270(3):800–808PubMedCrossRef

64.

Hueper K, et al. (2016) Diffusion-Weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging detect delayed graft function and correlate with allograft fibrosis in patients early after kidney transplantation. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 44(1):112–121PubMedCrossRef

65.

Park SY, Kim CK, Park BK, et al. (2014) Assessment of early renal allograft dysfunction with blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging. Eur J Radiol 83(12):2114–2121PubMedCrossRef

66.

Kaul A, et al. (2014) Assessment of allograft function using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in kidney transplant patients. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplant 25(6):1143–1147CrossRef

67.

Steiger P, Barbieri S, Kruse A, Ith M, Thoeny HC (2017) Selection for biopsy of kidney transplant patients by diffusion-weighted MRI. Eur Radiol (2017)

68.

Fan W, et al. (2016) Assessment of renal allograft function early after transplantation with isotropic resolution diffusion tensor imaging. Eur Radiol 26(2):567–575PubMedCrossRef

69.

Hueper K, et al. (2011) Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography for assessment of renal allograft dysfunction—initial results. Eur Radiol 21:2427–2433PubMedCrossRef

70.

Martirosian P, et al. (2010) Magnetic resonance perfusion imaging without contrast media. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 37(1):52–64CrossRef

71.

Detre JA, Leigh JS, Williams DS, Koretsky AP (1992) Perfusion imaging. Magn Reson Med 23(1):37–45PubMedCrossRef

72.

Wong EC, Buxton RB, Frank LR (1997) Implementation of quantitative perfusion imaging techniques for functional brain mapping using pulsed arterial spin labeling. NMR Biomed 10(4–5):237–249PubMedCrossRef

73.

Artz NS, et al. (2011) Reproducibility of renal perfusion MR imaging in native and transplanted kidneys using non-contrast arterial spin labeling. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 33(6):1414–1421PubMedCrossRef

74.

Fenchel M, et al. (2006) Perfusion MR imaging with FAIR true FISP spin labeling in patients with and without renal artery stenosis: initial experience. Radiology 238(3):1013–1021PubMedCrossRef

75.

Lanzman RS, et al. (2009) Quantification of renal allograft perfusion using arterial spin labeling MRI: initial results. Eur Radiol 20:1485–1491PubMedCrossRef

76.

Martirosian P, Klose U, Mader I, Schick F (2004) FAIR true-FISP perfusion imaging of the kidneys. Magn Reson Med 51(2):353–361PubMedCrossRef

77.

Heusch P, et al. (2014) Functional evaluation of transplanted kidneys using arterial spin labeling MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 40(1):84–89PubMedCrossRef

78.

Artz NS, et al. (2011) Comparing kidney perfusion using noncontrast arterial spin labeling MRI and microsphere methods in an interventional swine model. Invest Radiol 46(2):124–131PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

79.

Winter JD, St Lawrence KS, Cheng H-LM (2011) Quantification of renal perfusion: comparison of arterial spin labeling and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 34(3):608–615PubMedCrossRef

80.

Artz NS, et al. (2011) Arterial spin labeling MRI for assessment of perfusion in native and transplanted kidneys. Magn Reson Imaging 29(1):74–82PubMedCrossRef

81.

Hueper K, et al. (2012) Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging for evaluation of histopathological changes in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Invest Radiol 47(7):430–437PubMedCrossRef

82.

Lanzman RS, et al. (2012) Arterial spin-labeling MR imaging of renal masses: correlation with histopathologic findings. Radiology 265(3):799–808PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

83.

Liu YP, Song R, Liang CH, Chen X, Liu B (2012) Arterial spin labeling blood flow magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of renal injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 303(4):F551–F558PubMedCrossRef

84.

Hueper K, et al. (2015) Functional MRI detects perfusion impairment in renal allografts with delayed graft function. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 308(12):F1444–F1451PubMedCrossRef

85.

Hueper K, et al. (2014) Acute kidney injury: arterial spin labeling to monitor renal perfusion impairment in mice-comparison with histopathologic results and renal function. Radiology 270(1):117–124PubMedCrossRef

86.

Niles DJ, Artz NS, Djamali A, et al. (2016) Longitudinal assessment of renal perfusion and oxygenation in transplant donor-recipient pairs using ASL and BOLD MRI. Invest Radiol 51(2):113–120PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

87.

Prasad PV, Edelman RR, Epstein FH (1996) Noninvasive evaluation of intrarenal oxygenation with BOLD MRI. Circulation 94(12):3271–3275PubMedCrossRef

88.

Pruijm M, Milani B, Burnier M (2017) Blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI to assess renal oxygenation in renal diseases: progresses and challenges. Front Physiol 7.

89.

Thoeny HC, et al. (2006) Functional evaluation of transplanted kidneys with diffusion-weighted and BOLD MR imaging: initial experience. Radiology 241(3):812–821PubMedCrossRef

90.

Djamali A, et al. (2007) BOLD-MRI assessment of intrarenal oxygenation and oxidative stress in patients with chronic kidney allograft dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 292(2):F513–F522PubMedCrossRef

91.

Han F, et al. (2008) The significance of BOLD MRI in differentiation between renal transplant rejection and acute tubular necrosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23(8):2666–2672PubMedCrossRef

92.

Mathys C, et al. (2010) ‘T2’ imaging of native kidneys and renal allografts - a feasibility study. RöFo - Fortschritte Auf Dem Geb Röntgenstrahlen Bildgeb Verfahr 183:112–119CrossRef

93.

Sadowski EA, et al. (2005) Assessment of acute renal transplant rejection with blood oxygen level-dependent MR imaging: initial experience. Radiology 236(3):911–919PubMedCrossRef

94.

Sadowski EA, et al. (2010) Blood oxygen level-dependent and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging: detecting differences in oxygen bioavailability and blood flow in transplanted kidneys. Magn Reson Imaging 28(1):56–64PubMedCrossRef

95.

Park SY, Kim CK, Park BK, et al. (2012) Evaluation of transplanted kidneys using blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI at 3 T: a preliminary study. AJR Am J Roentgenol 198(5):1108–1114PubMedCrossRef

96.

Xiao W, Xu J, Wang Q, Xu Y, Zhang M (2012) Functional evaluation of transplanted kidneys in normal function and acute rejection using BOLD MR imaging. Eur J Radiol 81(5):838–845PubMedCrossRef

97.

Liu G, Han F, Xiao W, et al. (2014) Detection of renal allograft rejection using blood oxygen level-dependent and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging: a retrospective study. BMC Nephrol 15:158PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

98.

O’Connor PM, Kett MM, Anderson WP, Evans RG (2006) Renal medullary tissue oxygenation is dependent on both cortical and medullary blood flow. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 290(3):F688–F694PubMedCrossRef

99.

Prasad PV (2006) Evaluation of intra-renal oxygenation by BOLD MRI. Nephron Clin Pract 103(2):c58–c65PubMedCrossRef

100.

Dagher AP, Aletras A, Choyke P, Balaban RS (2000) Imaging of urea using chemical exchange-dependent saturation transfer at 1.5T. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 12(5):745–748PubMedCrossRef

101.

Longo DL, Busato A, Lanzardo S, Antico F, Aime S (2013) Imaging the pH evolution of an acute kidney injury model by means of iopamidol, a MRI-CEST pH-responsive contrast agent. Magn Reson Med 70(3):859–864PubMedCrossRef

102.

Müller-Lutz A, et al. (2014) Pilot study of Iopamidol-based quantitative pH imaging on a clinical 3T MR scanner. Magma N Y N 27(6):477–485CrossRef

103.

Kentrup D, et al. (2017) GlucoCEST magnetic resonance imaging in vivo may be diagnostic of acute renal allograft rejection. Kidney Int 92(3):757–764PubMedCrossRef

104.

Wu Y, et al. (2016) pH imaging of mouse kidneys in vivo using a frequency-dependent paraCEST agent. Magn Reson Med 75(6):2432–2441PubMedCrossRef

105.

Wu Y, Zhou IY, Igarashi T, Longo DL, Aime S, Sun PZ (2017) A generalized ratiometric chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI approach for mapping renal pH using iopamidol. Magn Reson Med (2017).

106.

Wang F, et al. (2016) Mapping murine diabetic kidney disease using chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI. Magn Reson Med 76(5):1531–1541PubMedCrossRef

107.

Haneder S, Konstandin S, Morelli JN, et al. (2013) Assessment of the renal corticomedullary (23)Na gradient using isotropic data sets. Acad Radiol 20(4):407–413PubMedCrossRef

108.

Moon CH, Furlan A, Kim J-H, et al. (2014) Quantitative sodium MR imaging of native versus transplanted kidneys using a dual-tuned proton/sodium (1H/ 23Na) coil: initial experience. Eur Radiol 24(6):1320–1326PubMedCrossRef

109.

de Rochefort L, et al. (2010) Quantitative susceptibility map reconstruction from MR phase data using bayesian regularization: validation and application to brain imaging. Magn Reson Med 63(1):194–206PubMed

110.

Liu J, et al. (2012) Morphology enabled dipole inversion for quantitative susceptibility mapping using structural consistency between the magnitude image and the susceptibility map. NeuroImage 59(3):2560–2568PubMedCrossRef

111.

Yao S et al. (2017) Quantitative susceptibility mapping reveals an association between brain iron load and depression severity. Front Hum Neurosci 11

112.

Zhou D, Cho J, Zhang J, Spincemaille P, Wang Y (2017) Susceptibility underestimation in a high-susceptibility phantom: dependence on imaging resolution, magnitude contrast, and other parameters. Magn Reson Med 78(3):1080–1086PubMedCrossRef

113.

Kim H-G, et al. (2017) Quantitative susceptibility mapping to evaluate the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease. NeuroImage Clin 16:429–438PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

114.

Xie L, et al. (2015) Susceptibility tensor imaging of the kidney and its microstructural underpinnings. Magn Reson Med 73(3):1270–1281PubMedCrossRef

115.

He X, Moon C-H, Kim J-H, Bae KT (2011) In vivo T1ρ study on human kidney. Proc Intl Soc Mag Reson Med 19.

116.

Rapacchi S, et al. (2015) Towards the identification of multi-parametric quantitative MRI biomarkers in lupus nephritis. Magn Reson Imaging 33(9):1066–1074PubMedCrossRef

117.

Rouvière O, Souchon R, Pagnoux G, Ménager J-M, Chapelon J-Y (2011) Magnetic resonance elastography of the kidneys: feasibility and reproducibility in young healthy adults. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 34(4):880–886PubMedCrossRef

118.

Low G, et al. (2015) Reliability of magnetic resonance elastography using multislice two-dimensional spin-echo echo-planar imaging (SE-EPI) and three-dimensional inversion reconstruction for assessing renal stiffness. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 42(3):844–850PubMedCrossRef

119.

Korsmo MJ, et al. (2013) Magnetic resonance elastography noninvasively detects in-vivo renal medullary fibrosis secondary to swine renal artery stenosis. Invest Radiol 48(2):61–68PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

120.

Kirpalani A, et al. (2017) Magnetic resonance elastography to assess fibrosis in kidney allografts. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol CJASN 12(10):1671–1679PubMedCrossRef

121.

Grenier N, Gennisson J-L, Cornelis F, Le Bras Y, Couzi L (2013) Renal ultrasound elastography. Diagn Interv Imaging 94(5):545–550PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Functional MRI in transplanted kidneys
verfasst von: Alexandra Ljimani
Hans-Jörg Wittsack
Rotem S. Lanzman
Publikationsdatum: 19.03.2018
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Abdominal Radiology / Ausgabe 10/2018
Print ISSN: 2366-004X
Elektronische ISSN: 2366-0058
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-018-1563-7

Neu im Fachgebiet Radiologie

18.04.2024 | Pädiatrische Notfallmedizin | Nachrichten

Update Radiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Functional MRI in transplanted kidneys

Abstract

Neu im Fachgebiet Radiologie

Fünf Dinge, die im Kindernotfall besser zu unterlassen sind

„Nur wer sich gut aufgehoben fühlt, kann auch für Patientensicherheit sorgen“

Wie toxische Männlichkeit der Gesundheit von Männern schadet

Studie bestätigt Potenzial von KI in der Radiologie

Update Radiologie

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 10/2018

Fractal analysis of contrast-enhanced CT images for preoperative prediction of malignant potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumor

CT evaluation of the renal donor and recipient

The stack of coins sign in scleroderma

Optimizing renal transplant Doppler ultrasound

The celiac seagull

Using T1 mapping in cardiovascular magnetic resonance to assess congestive hepatopathy

Neu im Fachgebiet Radiologie

Fünf Dinge, die im Kindernotfall besser zu unterlassen sind

„Nur wer sich gut aufgehoben fühlt, kann auch für Patientensicherheit sorgen“

Wie toxische Männlichkeit der Gesundheit von Männern schadet

Studie bestätigt Potenzial von KI in der Radiologie

Update Radiologie