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Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 12/2012

01.12.2012 | Leitthema

Geburt per Kaiserschnitt oder Spontangeburt

Was ist sicherer für das Kind?

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. C.F. Poets, H. Abele

Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde | Ausgabe 12/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Bei der Wahl des für Mutter und Kind optimalen Geburtsmodus sind neben mütterlichen Aspekten insbesondere Auswirkungen auf das Kind zu berücksichtigen. Danach ist das Risiko für ein Atemnotsyndrom nach primärer Sectio gegenüber einer vaginalen Geburt bei Reifgeborenen um das 6- bis 7-Fache auf 0,2–0,7% erhöht. Neonatale Todesfälle bei reifen Kindern nach Sectio sind mit bis zu 0,4% zwar selten, aber insgesamt fast doppelt so häufig wie nach vaginaler Geburt. Bei erneuter Schwangerschaft ist nach einer Sectio das Risiko für Plazentationsstörungen, Uterusruptur und Hysterektomie 3,5- bis 12-fach erhöht, zumindest wenn das Einsetzen von Wehen abgewartet wird. Auch fetale Todesfälle treten nach vorausgegangener Sectio-Geburt signifikant häufiger auf. Mütter stillen nach Sectio früher ab als nach vaginaler Entbindung, sodass mit 3Monaten 3-mal so viele Mütter abgestillt haben. Schließlich wurde in zahlreichen Studien eine Assoziation zwischen der Geburt per Sectio und der Entwicklung eines Asthma bronchiale im Kindesalter nachgewiesen. Während dieses Risiko insgesamt um gut 20% erhöht ist, zeigt sich in der Gruppe ehemaliger Frühgeborener und Kinder, bei denen beide Eltern eine allergische Prädisposition haben, ein auf das Doppelte bzw. 3-Fache erhöhtes Risiko. Auch für eine Assoziation der Sectio-Entbindung mit der späteren Entwicklung einer Zöliakie oder einer Adipositas gibt es erste Hinweise; hier ist die Datenlage allerdings noch unbefriedigend. Werdende Eltern sollten über diese Risiken aufgeklärt werden, damit sie eine informierte Entscheidung bezüglich des für ihr Kind optimalen Geburtsmodus treffen können.
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Metadaten
Titel
Geburt per Kaiserschnitt oder Spontangeburt
Was ist sicherer für das Kind?
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. C.F. Poets
H. Abele
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2012
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde / Ausgabe 12/2012
Print ISSN: 0026-9298
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0474
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-012-2727-0

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