Background
Methods
Participants and procedures
Measures
Data analysis
Results
Characteristics | Total (%) | Girls (%) | Boys (%) |
p
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 0.808 | |||
12 | 697 (17.7) | 317 (17.0) | 380 (18.4) | |
13 | 654 (16.6) | 312 (16.7) | 342 (16.6) | |
14 | 658 (16.7) | 313 (16.8) | 345 (16.7) | |
15 | 524 (13.3) | 247 (13.2) | 277 (13.4) | |
16 | 507 (12.9) | 251 (13.5) | 256 (12.4) | |
17 | 482 (12.3) | 238 (12.8) | 244 (11.8) | |
18 | 408 (10.4) | 188 (10.1) | 220 (10.7) | |
Average household income (US$/month) | 0.748 | |||
< 1500 | 902 (23.0) | 439 (23.5) | 463 (22.4) | |
1500–2499 | 1053 (26.8) | 506 (27.1) | 547 (26.5) | |
2500–3500 | 771 (19.6) | 359 (19.2) | 412 (20.0) | |
> 3500 | 1204 (30.6) | 562 (30.1) | 642 (31.1) | |
Place of residence | 0.953 | |||
Urban | 3263 (83.0) | 1550 (83.1) | 1713 (83.0) | |
Rural | 667 (17.0) | 316 (16.9) | 351 (17.0) | |
Cigarette smoking | <0.001 | |||
Yes | 308 (7.8) | 73 (3.9) | 235 (11.4) | |
No | 3622 (92.2) | 1793 (96.1) | 1829 (88.6) | |
Stress | <0.001 | |||
Very high | 158 (4.0) | 89 (4.8) | 69 (3.3) | |
High | 911 (23.2) | 480 (25.7) | 431 (20.9) | |
Medium | 2250 (57.3) | 1043 (55.9) | 1207 (58.5) | |
Low | 611 (15.6) | 254 (13.6) | 357 (17.3) |
Total | Stress |
p for trend | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | Medium | High | Very high | |||
Whole sample | ||||||
Number of day cigarette smoked per month, d (95 % CI) | 1.40 (1.22–1.58) | 0.77 (0.44–1.10) | 1.19 (0.97–1.41) | 1.94 (1.49–2.39) | 3.68 (2.22–5.13) | <0.001 |
Number of cigarette smoked per day, cigs (95 % CI) | 0.63 (0.52–0.75) | 0.40 (0.10–0.71) | 0.51 (0.38–0.64) | 0.85 (0.59–1.10) | 2.08 (1.07–3.10) | <0.001 |
Girls | ||||||
Number of day cigarette smoked per month, d (95 % CI) | 0.64 (0.46–0.82) | 0.35 (0.01–0.70) | 0.42 (0.23–0.61) | 0.91 (0.48–1.34) | 2.72 (1.07–4.37) | <0.001 |
Number of cigarette smoked per day, cigs (95 % CI) | 0.27 (0.18–0.36) | 0.09 (0.01–0.18) | 0.15 (0.08–0.21) | 0.36 (0.17–0.55) | 1.69 (0.39–2.98) | <0.001 |
Boys | ||||||
Number of day cigarette smoked per month, d (95 % CI) | 2.08 (1.78–2.38) | 1.07 (0.56–1.58) | 1.85 (1.48–2.22) | 3.08 (2.28–3.88) | 4.91 (2.34–7.49) | <0.001 |
Number of cigarette smoked per day, cigs (95 % CI) | 0.97 (0.77–1.16) | 0.62 (0.11–1.14) | 0.82 (0.59–1.05) | 1.39 (0.90–1.88) | 2.59 (0.95–4.24) | 0.001 |
Stress | Low | Medium | High | Very high |
p for trend |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whole sample | |||||
Prevalence, % | 6.27 | 9.61 | 12.57 | 21.23 | <0.001 |
AOR (95 % CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.49 (0.93–2.38) | 1.93 (1.17–3.17) | 3.56 (1.84–6.89) | 0.001 |
Girls | |||||
Prevalence, % | 1.42 | 4.19 | 6.73 | 22.06 | <0.001 |
AOR (95 % CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 2.67 (0.76–9.35) | 4.13 (1.21–14.15) | 15.99 (4.17–61.30) | <0.001 |
Boys | |||||
Prevalence, % | 9.57 | 14.13 | 18.87 | 19.96 | 0.013 |
AOR (95 % CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.60 (0.95–2.69) | 2.27 (1.26–4.10) | 2.34 (1.07–5.11) | 0.035 |