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Erschienen in: Der Internist 2/2014

01.02.2014 | Schwerpunkt

Genetische Risikofaktoren von Vaskulitiden

verfasst von: PD Dr. J.U. Holle, W.L. Gross

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 2/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Genomweite Assoziationstudien (GWAS) sind auf dem Gebiet der Vaskulitiden bisher nur für den Morbus Behçet, das Kawasaki-Syndrom, die Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis (GPA) und die mikroskopische Polyangiitis (MPA) durchgeführt worden. Sie liefern wichtige Hinweise auf die Pathogenese und mögliche therapeutische Angriffspunkte. Mehrere GWAS weisen neben den MHC-Klasse-I-Genen HLA-B51 und HLA-A26 bestimmte Polymorphismen in Zytokin- bzw. Zytokinrezeptorgenen (IL-10 , IL-12R/IL-23R), Transkriptionsfaktoren (STAT4) und in Genen, deren Genprodukte bei der Antigenpräsentation eine Rolle spielen (ERAP-1), als genetische Risikofaktoren aus. Zwei bislang publizierte GWAS aus Europa und den USA zu den Antineutrophile-zytoplasmatische-Antikörper(ANCA)-assoziierten Vaskulitiden GPA und MPA bestätigen HLA-DP als bedeutsamsten genetischen Risikofaktor für die GPA. Die europäische GWAS bestätigt außerdem SERPINA-1, ein Defizienzallel des α-1-Antritrypsin-Gens, als Risikogen der GPA und identifiziert einen Polymorphismus im Proteinase-3(PR3)-Gen, einem der Zielantigene von ANCA, als Risikofaktor für die GPA bzw. PR3-ANCA-assoziierte Vaskulitis.
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Metadaten
Titel
Genetische Risikofaktoren von Vaskulitiden
verfasst von
PD Dr. J.U. Holle
W.L. Gross
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Innere Medizin / Ausgabe 2/2014
Print ISSN: 2731-7080
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-013-3305-9

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