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Cardiovascular Toxicology
Erschienen in: Cardiovascular Toxicology 10-11/2022

20.08.2022

Genistein Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus by Activating the Sirt1/Nrf2 Pathway in High Salt-Induced Hypertension

verfasst von: Li-Gang Niu, Na Sun, Kai-Li Liu, Qing Su, Jie Qi, Li-Yan Fu, Guo-Rui Xin, Yu-Ming Kang

Erschienen in: Cardiovascular Toxicology | Ausgabe 10-11/2022

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Abstract

Hypertension caused by a high-salt (HS) diet is one of the major causes of cardiovascular diseases. Underlining pathology includes oxidative stress and inflammation in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). This study investigates genistein’s (Gen) role in HS-induced hypertension and the underlying molecular mechanism. We placed male Wistar rats on HS (8% NaCl) or normal salt diet (0.3% NaCl). Then, we injected bilateral PVN in rats with Gen, vehicle, or nicotinamide (NAM) for 4 weeks. Tail cuff was used weekly to assess the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Cardiac hypertrophy was analyzed by heart weight/body weight ratio and wheat germ agglutinin staining. ELISA kits, Western blot, or dihydroethidium staining determined the levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Western blot measured protein levels of Sirt1, Ac-FOXO1, Nrf2, NQO-1, HO-1, and gp91phox. Our result showed that PVN infusion of Gen significantly reduced the increase of systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and MAP induced by an HS diet. Additionally, there was a decrease in cardiac hypertrophy and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in PVN and plasma. Meanwhile, PVN infusion of Gen notably inhibited the levels of oxidized glutathione and superoxide dismutase and improved the glutathione level and total antioxidant capacities and superoxide dismutase activities. It also decreased the level of reactive oxygen species and gp91phox expression in PVN. Furthermore, Gen infusion markedly increases the Sirt1, Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO-1 levels and decreases the Ac-FOXO1 level. However, PVN infusion of NAM could significantly block these changes induced by Gen in HS diet rats. Our results demonstrated that PVN infusion of Gen could inhibit the progression of hypertension induced by an HS diet by activating the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway.
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Metadaten
Titel
Genistein Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus by Activating the Sirt1/Nrf2 Pathway in High Salt-Induced Hypertension
verfasst von
Li-Gang Niu
Na Sun
Kai-Li Liu
Qing Su
Jie Qi
Li-Yan Fu
Guo-Rui Xin
Yu-Ming Kang
Publikationsdatum
20.08.2022
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Cardiovascular Toxicology / Ausgabe 10-11/2022
Print ISSN: 1530-7905
Elektronische ISSN: 1559-0259
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-022-09765-3

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