Background
Methods
Ethics statement
Collection of genomic data
Sampling Plasmodium vivax parasites from malaria patients and genome sequencing
Identification of SNPs from Plasmodium vivax parasites
Positive selection tests
Results
Whole genome sequencing of P. vivax parasites and mapping
Samples | Pv96 | Pv113 | Pv128 | Pv129 | Pv138 | Pv204 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sequencing and mapping | ||||||
Number of reads | 34,817,405 | 215,617,516 | 36,303,847 | 71,449,001 | 36,731,899 | 34,210,120 |
Mapped on P. vivax
| 5,316,739 | 32,851,379 | 4,816,957 | 8,108,382 | 5,962,674 | 10,159,389 |
Mapped (%) | 15.27 | 15.24 | 13.27 | 11.35 | 16.23 | 29.7 |
Mean mapping quality | 35.38 | 37.63 | 37.01 | 36.72 | 38.28 | 36.05 |
Coverage | ||||||
Coverage fold | 17.32 | 108.72 | 14.55 | 21.16 | 19.79 | 40.41 |
Genome covered (%) | 93.28 | 97.32 | 93.06 | 91.24 | 95.96 | 94.85 |
Chromosomes covered (%) | 98.50 | 99.58 | 97.29 | 95.49 | 99.02 | 99.24 |
Haplotype-based detecting positive selection
Gene and product description | |iHS| | XP-EHH |
\(\hat{\pi }\)
|
---|---|---|---|
Mosquito transmission | |||
PVX_095475, circumsporozoite and TRAP-related (CTRP) | 4.9995 | 0.0053 | |
PVX_118360, TRAP-like protein (TREP) | 6.1642 | 0.0011 | |
Red blood cell invasion | |||
PVX_099980, merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) | 6.1512 | 0.0185 | |
PVX_099975, merozoite surface protein 1 paralog (MSP1P) | 5.9582 | 1.9937 | 0.0036 |
PVX_092975, merozoite adhesive erythrocytic binding (MAEBL) | 6.1795 | 0.0024 | |
PVX_097575, tryptophan-rich antigen | 6.9579 | 0.0082 | |
PVX_092275, apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) | 5.1501 | 0.0056 | |
PVX_117880, rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2) | 6.4102 | 0.0027 | |
PVX_003845, serine-repeat antigen 4 (SERA4) | 6.7713 | 0.2834 | |
PVX_121920, reticulocyte binding protein 2a (RBP2a) | 4.7869 | 1.9589 | 0.0004 |
PVX_081270, reticulocyte binding protein 2b (RBP2b) | 6.3732 | 0.0036 | |
PVX_090325, reticulocyte binding protein 2c (RBP2c) | 5.7962 | 0.0353 | |
Drug resistance | |||
PVX_087980, chloroquine resistance transporter (CRT) | 4.9064 | 0.0024 | |
PVX_118062, chloroquine resistance marker protein | 7.2833 | 1.8212 | 0.0119 |
PVX_118100, multidrug resistance protein 2 (MDR2) | 5.3704 | 1.8858 | 0.0093 |