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Erschienen in: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 9/2014

01.09.2014 | Leitthema

Geschlecht und Effekte von Steroidhormonen im Zentralnervensystem (ZNS)

verfasst von: N. Brandt, R. Vierk, L. Fester, L. Zhou, P. Imholz, Prof. Dr. G. M. Rune

Erschienen in: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz | Ausgabe 9/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Häufiger Manifestationsort von degenerativen Erkrankungen des Zentralnervensystems (ZNS), die bei Männern und Frauen mit einer unterschiedlichen Inzidenz bzw. Prävalenz auftreten, ist der Hippokampus. Neurosteroide sind Steroidhormone, die im ZNS synthetisiert werden und auch dort ihre Wirkung entfalten. Zu ihnen zählen die Sexualsteroide Östrogen und Testosteron. Der Hippokampus ist ein Hirnareal, das eng mit Lernen und Gedächtnis assoziiert ist. Im weiblichen, aber nicht im männlichen Hippokampus ist die lokale Synthese von Östrogen essenziell für die Plastizität und Stabilität von Synapsen. Die Hemmung der Östrogensynthese im weiblichen Hippokampus zieht eine reduzierte Langzeitpotenzierung (LTP), die ein elektrophysiologischer Parameter für Lernen und Gedächtnis ist, und in der Folge einen signifikanten Synapsenverlust nach sich. Vor dem Hintergrund, dass für Östrogene zahlreiche protektive Funktionen bei degenerativen ZNS-Erkrankungen nachgewiesen worden sind, ergibt sich, dass therapeutische Konzepte mit Östrogeneinsatz möglicherweise nur bei Frauen, aber nicht bei Männern greifen. Gleichermaßen bieten diese Befunde eine Grundlage zur Erklärung der beobachteten Geschlechterdimorphismen bei vielen degenerativen ZNS-Erkrankungen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Geschlecht und Effekte von Steroidhormonen im Zentralnervensystem (ZNS)
verfasst von
N. Brandt
R. Vierk
L. Fester
L. Zhou
P. Imholz
Prof. Dr. G. M. Rune
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz / Ausgabe 9/2014
Print ISSN: 1436-9990
Elektronische ISSN: 1437-1588
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-014-2014-4

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