Skip to main content

2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

9. Gesundheitsökonomische Aspekte zum Einsatz von Biomarkern bei akuter Nierenschädigung

verfasst von : Paul Jülicher, Lieselotte Lennartz

Erschienen in: Akute Nierenschädigung

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Die akute Nierenschädigung umschreibt ein breites klinisches Spektrum und ist eine häufig auftretende Komplikation mit schlechter Prognose bei Patienten im Krankenhaus. Besonders in der intensivmedizinischen Betreuung haben Patienten mit AKI ein sowohl kurz- als auch langfristig erhöhtes Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsrisiko. Die Diagnose „Akute Nierenschädigung“ basiert im klinischen Alltag bisher nur auf funktionellen Markern wie einem Anstieg des Serumkreatinins und einem Rückgang der Urinausscheidung, die jedoch erst greifen, wenn die Nierenschädigung bereits ausgeprägt ist. Neue Biomarker, die frühzeitig auf eine beginnende Schädigung der Niere hinweisen, sind auf automatisierten Systemen verfügbar. Die Datenlage zum Einsatz dieser Marker ist – auch zur Kosteneffizienz – vielversprechend und könnte neue Möglichkeiten in der frühzeitigen Erkennung und Behandlung der akuten Nierenschädigung eröffnen.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Alcaraz AJ, Gil-Ruiz MA, Castillo A, Lopez J, Romero C, Fernandez SN, Carrillo A. Postoperative neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin predicts acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2014;15:121–30CrossRefPubMed Alcaraz AJ, Gil-Ruiz MA, Castillo A, Lopez J, Romero C, Fernandez SN, Carrillo A. Postoperative neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin predicts acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2014;15:121–30CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat AQUA - Institut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH, 2013. 2014. Ref Type: Online Source AQUA - Institut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH, 2013. 2014. Ref Type: Online Source
Zurück zum Zitat Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Palevsky P. Acute renal failure - definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the Second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit Care 2004;8:R204–R212 Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Palevsky P. Acute renal failure - definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the Second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit Care 2004;8:R204–R212
Zurück zum Zitat Bienholz A, Feldkamp T, Kribben A. KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) Bienholz A, Feldkamp T, Kribben A. KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes)
Zurück zum Zitat Bojan M, Vicca S, Lopez-Lopez V, Mogenet A, Pouard P, Falissard B, Journois D. Predictive performance of urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin for dialysis requirement and death following cardiac surgery in neonates and infants. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:285–94CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Bojan M, Vicca S, Lopez-Lopez V, Mogenet A, Pouard P, Falissard B, Journois D. Predictive performance of urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin for dialysis requirement and death following cardiac surgery in neonates and infants. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:285–94CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Chawla LS, Amdur RL, Shaw AD, Faselis C, Palant CE, Kimmel PL. Association between AKI and Long-Term Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in United States Veterans. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:448–56CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Chawla LS, Amdur RL, Shaw AD, Faselis C, Palant CE, Kimmel PL. Association between AKI and Long-Term Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in United States Veterans. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:448–56CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Chertow GM, Burdick E, Honour M, Bonventre JV, Bates DW. Acute kidney injury, mortality, length of stay, and costs in hospitalized patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:3365–70CrossRefPubMed Chertow GM, Burdick E, Honour M, Bonventre JV, Bates DW. Acute kidney injury, mortality, length of stay, and costs in hospitalized patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:3365–70CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Cruz DN, de Geus HR, Bagshaw SM. Biomarker strategies to predict need for renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury. Semin Dial 2011;24:124–31CrossRefPubMed Cruz DN, de Geus HR, Bagshaw SM. Biomarker strategies to predict need for renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury. Semin Dial 2011;24:124–31CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Cruz DN, Ferrer-Nadal A, Piccinni P, Goldstein SL, Chawla LS, Alessandri E et al. Utilization of small changes in serum creatinine with clinical risk factors to assess the risk of AKI in critically lll adults. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:663–72CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Cruz DN, Ferrer-Nadal A, Piccinni P, Goldstein SL, Chawla LS, Alessandri E et al. Utilization of small changes in serum creatinine with clinical risk factors to assess the risk of AKI in critically lll adults. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:663–72CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Dasta JF, Kane-Gill SL, Durtschi AJ, Pathak DS, Kellum JA. Costs and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:1970–4CrossRefPubMed Dasta JF, Kane-Gill SL, Durtschi AJ, Pathak DS, Kellum JA. Costs and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:1970–4CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Desai AA, Baras J, Berk BB, Nakajima A, Garber AM, Owens D, Chertow GM. Management of acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: a cost-effectiveness analysis of daily vs alternate-day hemodialysis. Arch Intern Med 2008;168:1761–7CrossRefPubMed Desai AA, Baras J, Berk BB, Nakajima A, Garber AM, Owens D, Chertow GM. Management of acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: a cost-effectiveness analysis of daily vs alternate-day hemodialysis. Arch Intern Med 2008;168:1761–7CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat De Smedt DM, Elseviers MM, Lins RL, Annemans L. Economic evaluation of different treatment modalities in acute kidney injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012;27:4095–101CrossRefPubMed De Smedt DM, Elseviers MM, Lins RL, Annemans L. Economic evaluation of different treatment modalities in acute kidney injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012;27:4095–101CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat DIMDI ICD 10 GM Version 2014. 13-5-2014. Ref Type: Online Source DIMDI ICD 10 GM Version 2014. 13-5-2014. Ref Type: Online Source
Zurück zum Zitat Fischer MJ, Brimhall BB, Lezotte DC, Glazner JE, Parikh CR. Uncomplicated acute renal failure and hospital resource utilization: a retrospective multicenter analysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;46:1049–57CrossRefPubMed Fischer MJ, Brimhall BB, Lezotte DC, Glazner JE, Parikh CR. Uncomplicated acute renal failure and hospital resource utilization: a retrospective multicenter analysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;46:1049–57CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Fischer MJ, Brimhall BB, Parikh CR. Uncomplicated acute renal failure and post-hospital care: a not so uncomplicated illness. Am J Nephrol 2008;28:523–30CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Fischer MJ, Brimhall BB, Parikh CR. Uncomplicated acute renal failure and post-hospital care: a not so uncomplicated illness. Am J Nephrol 2008;28:523–30CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Fujii T, Uchino S, Takinami M, Bellomo R. Validation of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Criteria for AKI and Comparison of Three Criteria in Hospitalized Patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014 [epub ahead] Fujii T, Uchino S, Takinami M, Bellomo R. Validation of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Criteria for AKI and Comparison of Three Criteria in Hospitalized Patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014 [epub ahead]
Zurück zum Zitat Haase M, Devarajan P, Haase-Fielitz A, Bellomo R, Cruz DN, Wagener G et al. The outcome of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-positive subclinical acute kidney injury: a multicenter pooled analysis of prospective studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:1752–61CrossRefPubMed Haase M, Devarajan P, Haase-Fielitz A, Bellomo R, Cruz DN, Wagener G et al. The outcome of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-positive subclinical acute kidney injury: a multicenter pooled analysis of prospective studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:1752–61CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Haase-Fielitz A, Haase M, Devarajan P. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of acute kidney injury: a critical evaluation of current status. Ann Clin Biochem 2014;51:335–51CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Haase-Fielitz A, Haase M, Devarajan P. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of acute kidney injury: a critical evaluation of current status. Ann Clin Biochem 2014;51:335–51CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat HCH-KCH Koronarchirurgie, isoliert. Bundesauswertung zum Erfassungsjahr 2012. AQUA - Institut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH, 2013. 2014. Ref Type: Online Source HCH-KCH Koronarchirurgie, isoliert. Bundesauswertung zum Erfassungsjahr 2012. AQUA - Institut für angewandte Qualitätsförderung und Forschung im Gesundheitswesen GmbH, 2013. 2014. Ref Type: Online Source
Zurück zum Zitat Himmelfarb J, Ikizler TA. Acute kidney injury: changing lexicography, definitions, and epidemiology. Kidney Int 2007;71:971–6CrossRefPubMed Himmelfarb J, Ikizler TA. Acute kidney injury: changing lexicography, definitions, and epidemiology. Kidney Int 2007;71:971–6CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat InEK G-DRG System V2013 Browser 2012 §21 KH Entg. 13-5-2014. Ref Type: Online Source InEK G-DRG System V2013 Browser 2012 §21 KH Entg. 13-5-2014. Ref Type: Online Source
Zurück zum Zitat InEK G-DRG HA V2012/2014 Report-Browser. 2014. Ref Type: Online Source InEK G-DRG HA V2012/2014 Report-Browser. 2014. Ref Type: Online Source
Zurück zum Zitat Liebetrau C, Dorr O, Baumgarten H, Gaede L, Szardien S, Blumenstein J et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) for the early detection of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2013;73:392–9CrossRefPubMed Liebetrau C, Dorr O, Baumgarten H, Gaede L, Szardien S, Blumenstein J et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) for the early detection of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2013;73:392–9CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Liebetrau C, Gaede L, Doerr O, Blumenstein J, Rixe J, Teichert O et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) for the early detection of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary intervention. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2014;74:81–8CrossRefPubMed Liebetrau C, Gaede L, Doerr O, Blumenstein J, Rixe J, Teichert O et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) for the early detection of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary intervention. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2014;74:81–8CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kashani K, Al-Khafaji A, Ardiles T, Artigas A, Bagshaw SM, Bell M et al. Discovery and validation of cell cycle arrest biomarkers in human acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2013;17:R25CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Kashani K, Al-Khafaji A, Ardiles T, Artigas A, Bagshaw SM, Bell M et al. Discovery and validation of cell cycle arrest biomarkers in human acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2013;17:R25CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kjeldsen L, Johnsen AH, Sengelov H, Borregaard N. Isolation and primary structure of NGAL, a novel protein associated with human neutrophil gelatinase. J Biol Chem 1993;268:10425–32PubMed Kjeldsen L, Johnsen AH, Sengelov H, Borregaard N. Isolation and primary structure of NGAL, a novel protein associated with human neutrophil gelatinase. J Biol Chem 1993;268:10425–32PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kolhe NV, Eldehni MT, Selby NM, McIntyre CW. The Reimbursement and Cost of Acute Kidney Injury: A UK Hospital Perspective. Nephron Clin Pract 2014;126:51–6CrossRefPubMed Kolhe NV, Eldehni MT, Selby NM, McIntyre CW. The Reimbursement and Cost of Acute Kidney Injury: A UK Hospital Perspective. Nephron Clin Pract 2014;126:51–6CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Krause B. [The revision process of medical classifications in Germany] Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2007;50:1055–60CrossRefPubMed Krause B. [The revision process of medical classifications in Germany] Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2007;50:1055–60CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Lameire NH, Bagga A, Cruz D, De MJ, Endre Z, Kellum JA et al. Acute kidney injury: an increasing global concern. Lancet 2013;382:170–9CrossRefPubMed Lameire NH, Bagga A, Cruz D, De MJ, Endre Z, Kellum JA et al. Acute kidney injury: an increasing global concern. Lancet 2013;382:170–9CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Levin A, Warnock DG, Mehta RL, Kellum JA, Shah SV, Molitoris BA, Ronco C. Improving outcomes from acute kidney injury: report of an initiative. Am J Kidney Dis 2007;50:1–4CrossRefPubMed Levin A, Warnock DG, Mehta RL, Kellum JA, Shah SV, Molitoris BA, Ronco C. Improving outcomes from acute kidney injury: report of an initiative. Am J Kidney Dis 2007;50:1–4CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Mao H, Katz N, Ariyanon W, Blanca-Martos L, Adybelli Z, Giuliani A et al. Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Cardiorenal Med 2013;3:178–99CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Mao H, Katz N, Ariyanon W, Blanca-Martos L, Adybelli Z, Giuliani A et al. Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Cardiorenal Med 2013;3:178–99CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat McCullough PA, Shaw AD, Haase M, Bouchard J, Waikar SS, Siew ED et al. Diagnosis of acute kidney injury using functional and injury biomarkers: workgroup statements from the tenth Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative Consensus Conference. Contrib Nephrol. 2013;182:13–29CrossRefPubMed McCullough PA, Shaw AD, Haase M, Bouchard J, Waikar SS, Siew ED et al. Diagnosis of acute kidney injury using functional and injury biomarkers: workgroup statements from the tenth Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative Consensus Conference. Contrib Nephrol. 2013;182:13–29CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat McCullough PA, Bouchard J, Waikar SS, Siew ED, Endre ZH, Goldstein SL, Koyner JL, Macedo E, Doi K, Di Somma S, Lewington A, Thadhani R, Chakravarthi R, Ice C, Okusa MD, Duranteau J, Doran P, Yang L, Jaber BL, Meehan S, Kellum JA, Haase M, Murray PT, Cruz D, Maisel A, Bagshaw SM, Chawla LS, Mehta RL, Shaw AD, Ronco C. Implementation of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of acute kidney injury: executive summary from the tenth consensus conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI). Contrib Nephrol. 2013;182:5–12 McCullough PA, Bouchard J, Waikar SS, Siew ED, Endre ZH, Goldstein SL, Koyner JL, Macedo E, Doi K, Di Somma S, Lewington A, Thadhani R, Chakravarthi R, Ice C, Okusa MD, Duranteau J, Doran P, Yang L, Jaber BL, Meehan S, Kellum JA, Haase M, Murray PT, Cruz D, Maisel A, Bagshaw SM, Chawla LS, Mehta RL, Shaw AD, Ronco C. Implementation of novel biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of acute kidney injury: executive summary from the tenth consensus conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI). Contrib Nephrol. 2013;182:5–12
Zurück zum Zitat Meersch M, Schmidt C, Van AH, Rossaint J, Gorlich D, Stege D et al. Validation of cell-cycle arrest biomarkers for acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery. PLoS One 2014;9:e110865 Meersch M, Schmidt C, Van AH, Rossaint J, Gorlich D, Stege D et al. Validation of cell-cycle arrest biomarkers for acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery. PLoS One 2014;9:e110865
Zurück zum Zitat Meersch M, Schmidt C, Van AH, Martens S, Rossaint J, Singbartl K et al. Urinary TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 as early biomarkers of acute kidney injury and renal recovery following cardiac surgery. PLoS One 2014;9:e93460 Meersch M, Schmidt C, Van AH, Martens S, Rossaint J, Singbartl K et al. Urinary TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 as early biomarkers of acute kidney injury and renal recovery following cardiac surgery. PLoS One 2014;9:e93460
Zurück zum Zitat Moerer O, Plock E, Mgbor U, et al. A German national prevalence study on the cost of intensive care: an evaluation from 51 intensive care uints. Crit Care 2007;11:R69 Moerer O, Plock E, Mgbor U, et al. A German national prevalence study on the cost of intensive care: an evaluation from 51 intensive care uints. Crit Care 2007;11:R69
Zurück zum Zitat Murray PT, Mehta RL, Shaw A, Ronco C, Endre Z, Kellum JA et al. Potential use ofbiomarkers in acute kidney injury: report and summary of recommendations from the 10th Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative consensus conference. Kidney Int 2014;85:513–21CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Murray PT, Mehta RL, Shaw A, Ronco C, Endre Z, Kellum JA et al. Potential use ofbiomarkers in acute kidney injury: report and summary of recommendations from the 10th Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative consensus conference. Kidney Int 2014;85:513–21CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Nisula S, Kaukonen KM, Vaara ST, Korhonen AM, Poukkanen M, Karlsson S et al. Incidence, risk factors and 90-day mortality of patients with acute kidney injury in Finnish intensive care units: the FINNAKI study. Intensive Care Med 2013;39:420–8CrossRefPubMed Nisula S, Kaukonen KM, Vaara ST, Korhonen AM, Poukkanen M, Karlsson S et al. Incidence, risk factors and 90-day mortality of patients with acute kidney injury in Finnish intensive care units: the FINNAKI study. Intensive Care Med 2013;39:420–8CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Ostermann M, Chang RW. Acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit according to RIFLE. Crit Care Med 2007;35:1837–43CrossRefPubMed Ostermann M, Chang RW. Acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit according to RIFLE. Crit Care Med 2007;35:1837–43CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Palevsky PM, Liu KD, Brophy PD, Chawla LS, Parikh CR, Thakar CV et al. KDOQI US commentary on the 2012 KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury. Am J Kidney Dis 2013;61:649–72CrossRefPubMed Palevsky PM, Liu KD, Brophy PD, Chawla LS, Parikh CR, Thakar CV et al. KDOQI US commentary on the 2012 KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury. Am J Kidney Dis 2013;61:649–72CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Peacock WF, Maisel A, Kim J, Ronco C. Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin in acute kidney injury. Postgrad Med 2013;125:82-93 Peacock WF, Maisel A, Kim J, Ronco C. Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin in acute kidney injury. Postgrad Med 2013;125:82-93
Zurück zum Zitat Rewa O, Bagshaw SM. Acute kidney injury-epidemiology, outcomes and economics. Nat Rev Nephrol 2014 [epub ahead] Rewa O, Bagshaw SM. Acute kidney injury-epidemiology, outcomes and economics. Nat Rev Nephrol 2014 [epub ahead]
Zurück zum Zitat Schmidt-Ott KM, Mori K, Li JY, Kalandadze A, Cohen DJ, Devarajan P, Barasch J. Dual action of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007;18:407–13CrossRefPubMed Schmidt-Ott KM, Mori K, Li JY, Kalandadze A, Cohen DJ, Devarajan P, Barasch J. Dual action of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007;18:407–13CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Shaw AD, Chalfin DB, Kleintjens J. The economic impact and cost-effectiveness of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin after cardiac surgery. Clin Ther 2011;33:1713–25CrossRefPubMed Shaw AD, Chalfin DB, Kleintjens J. The economic impact and cost-effectiveness of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin after cardiac surgery. Clin Ther 2011;33:1713–25CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Skinner DL, Hardcastle TC, Rodseth RN, Muckart DJ. The incidence and outcomes of acute kidney injury amongst patients admitted to a level I trauma unit. Injury 2014;45:259–64CrossRefPubMed Skinner DL, Hardcastle TC, Rodseth RN, Muckart DJ. The incidence and outcomes of acute kidney injury amongst patients admitted to a level I trauma unit. Injury 2014;45:259–64CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Stanger O, Bacher B. Does the novel renal marker NGAL (Neutrophil Gelatinase- Associated Lipocalin) result in cost savings in patients with renal impairment following cardiac surgery. ISPOR 15th International Meeting. 6-11-2012. Ref Type: Conference Proceeding Stanger O, Bacher B. Does the novel renal marker NGAL (Neutrophil Gelatinase- Associated Lipocalin) result in cost savings in patients with renal impairment following cardiac surgery. ISPOR 15th International Meeting. 6-11-2012. Ref Type: Conference Proceeding
Zurück zum Zitat Stanger O, Bacher B. Quantifying the added value of in vitro diagnostics (IVD) - added value in cardiac surgery. 2013. Ref Type: Personal CommunicationCrossRef Stanger O, Bacher B. Quantifying the added value of in vitro diagnostics (IVD) - added value in cardiac surgery. 2013. Ref Type: Personal CommunicationCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Susantitaphong P, Cruz DN, Cerda J, Abulfaraj M, Alqahtani F, Koulouridis I, Jaber BL. World incidence of AKI: a meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2013;8:1482–93 Susantitaphong P, Cruz DN, Cerda J, Abulfaraj M, Alqahtani F, Koulouridis I, Jaber BL. World incidence of AKI: a meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2013;8:1482–93
Zurück zum Zitat Van Berendoncks AM, Elseviers MM, Lins RL. Outcome of acute kidney injury with different treatment options: long-term follow-up. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1755–62CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Van Berendoncks AM, Elseviers MM, Lins RL. Outcome of acute kidney injury with different treatment options: long-term follow-up. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1755–62CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Zeng X, McMahon GM, Brunelli SM, Bates DW, Waikar SS. Incidence, outcomes, and comparisons across definitions of AKI in hospitalized individuals. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:12–20CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Zeng X, McMahon GM, Brunelli SM, Bates DW, Waikar SS. Incidence, outcomes, and comparisons across definitions of AKI in hospitalized individuals. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9:12–20CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Gesundheitsökonomische Aspekte zum Einsatz von Biomarkern bei akuter Nierenschädigung
verfasst von
Paul Jülicher
Lieselotte Lennartz
Copyright-Jahr
2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45080-8_9

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.