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09.08.2016 | Original Article

Growth, metabolic markers, and cognition in 8-year old children born prematurely, follow-up of a randomized controlled trial with essential fatty acids

verfasst von: Christine Henriksen, Astrid N. Almaas, Ane C. Westerberg, Christian A. Drevon, Per O. Iversen, Britt Nakstad

Erschienen in: European Journal of Pediatrics | Ausgabe 9/2016

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Abstract

The study is a follow-up of a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) to 129 very low birth weight (VLBW; birth weight <1500 g) infants fed human milk. The main hypothesis was that supplementation would affect growth, metabolic markers, and cognitive function. The secondary aim was to describe predictors of metabolic markers and cognitive status at follow-up. Ninety-eight children met for 8-year follow-up with anthropometric measures, blood biomarkers, and cognitive testing. The intervention group had significantly lower insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) at 8 years, whereas no differences in growth or intelligence quotient (IQ) were found. For the total cohort, weight gain during first year of life was neither associated with BMI, metabolic markers, nor IQ at follow-up. Blood DHA at 8 years was positively associated with IQ.

Conclusions: The study is the first long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial with essential fatty acids investigating growth, metabolic factors, and IQ. IGF-1 levels were significantly lower in the intervention group at 8 years. First-year growth was not associated with BMI, metabolic markers, or IQ at follow-up. Current DHA status was a significant predictor of higher IQ at follow-up.

What is Known:

• Preterm children have increased risk of lower intelligence quotient (IQ), reduced growth, and abnormal metabolic status.

• Early intake of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA), as well as early growth pattern, may influence both IQ and metabolic status.

What is New:

• Early intervention with DHA and AA led to reduced insulin-like growth factor-1 in blood at 8 years of age.

• Weight gain during first year of life was neither associated with impaired metabolic markers nor improved IQ at follow-up.

• Current DHA status was a significant predictor of higher IQ at 8 years, also when maternal education and birth weight were included in the model.

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Titel: Growth, metabolic markers, and cognition in 8-year old children born prematurely, follow-up of a randomized controlled trial with essential fatty acids
verfasst von: Christine Henriksen
Astrid N. Almaas
Ane C. Westerberg
Christian A. Drevon
Per O. Iversen
Britt Nakstad
Publikationsdatum: 09.08.2016
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Pediatrics / Ausgabe 9/2016
Print ISSN: 0340-6199
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1076
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-016-2755-1

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