It has long been recognized that chronic skin conditions and mental health disorders are often co-morbid. |
The concept of the gut–brain–skin axis emphasized in mental health disorders may also regulate the health of skin. |
Notably, preliminary experiments found that oral consumption of probiotics improves the clinical symptoms in patients with psoriasis, perhaps by altering the composition of intestinal flora leading to changes in neurotransmitter levels. |
The gut microbiome can mediate crosstalk between the immune system and the nervous system by secreting neurotransmitters in psoriasis. |
Digital Features
Introduction
Gut Microbial Composition in Patients with Psoriasis
Gut Microbial and Skin–Gut Axis in Psoriasis
Gut Microbial and Gut–Brain–Skin Axis In Psoriasis
Gut Microbial and Neurotransmitters in Psoriasis
Neurotransmitter | Bacterial strain | References |
---|---|---|
Dopamine (DA) | Bacillus cereus | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) |
Bacillus mycoides | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Bacillus subtilis | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Escherichia coli | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Escherichia coli (K-12) | Shishov (2009) | |
Hafnia alvei (NCIMB 11999) | Özogul (2004) | |
Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIMB 673) | Özogul (2004) | |
Morganella morganii (NCIMB 10466) | Özogul (2004) | |
Proteus vulgaris | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Serratia marcescens | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Staphylococcus aureus | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Noradrenaline | Bacillus mycoides | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) |
Bacillus subtilis | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Escherichia coli (K-12) | Shishov (2009) | |
Proteus vulgaris | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Serratia marcescens | Tsavkelova et al. (2000) | |
Serotonin | Escherichia coli (K-12) | Shishov (2009) |
Hafnia alvei (NCIMB 11999) | Özogul (2004) | |
Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIMB 673) | Özogul (2004) | |
Lactobacillus plantarum (FI8595) | Özogul et al. (2012) | |
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (MG 1363) | Özogul et al. (2012) | |
Morganella morganii (NCIMB 10466) | Özogul (2004) | |
Streptococcus thermophilus (NCFB 2392) | Özogul et al. (2012) | |
GABA | Bifidobacterium adolescentis (DPC 6044) | Barrett et al. (2012) |
Bifidobacterium angulatum (ATCC 27535) | Pokusaeva et al. (2017) | |
Bifidobacterium dentium (DPC 6333) | Barrett et al. (2012) | |
Bifidobacterium infantis (UCC 35624) | Barrett et al. (2012) | |
Lactobacillus brevis (DPC 6108) | Barrett et al. (2012) | |
Lactobacillus buchneri (MS) | Cho et al. (2007) | |
Lactobacillus paracasei (NFRI 7415) | Komatsuzaki et al. (2005) | |
Lactobacillus plantarum (ATCC 14917) | Siragusa et al. (2007) | |
Lactobacillus reuteri (100-23) | Pokusaeva et al. (2017) | |
Lactobacillus rhamnosus (YS9) | Siragusa et al. (2007) | |
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (PR1) | Siragusa et al. (2007) | |
Monascus purpureus (CCRC 31615) | Su et al. (2003) | |
Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus (Y2) | Yang et al. (2008) | |
Acetylcholine | Lactobacillus plantarum | Stanaszek et al. (1997) |
Histamine | Citrobacter freundii | Kim et al. (2001) |
Enterobacter spp. | Kim et al. (2001) | |
Hafnia alvei (NCIMB 11999) | Özogul (2004) | |
Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIMB 673) | Özogul (2004) | |
Lactobacillus plantarum (FI8595) | Özogul et al. (2012) | |
Lactobacillus hilgardii | Landete et al. (2007) | |
Lactobacillus mali | Landete et al. (2007) | |
Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (MG1363) | Özogul et al. (2012) | |
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (IL1403) | Özogul et al. (2012) | |
Morganella morganii (NCIMB 10466) | Özogul (2004) | |
Oenococcus oeni | Landete et al. (2005) | |
Pediococcus parvulus | Landete et al. (2007) | |
Streptococcus thermophilus (NCFB 2392) | Özogul et al. (2012) |