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Erschienen in: Der Hautarzt 12/2016

07.11.2016 | Kollagenosen | Leitthema

Hautmanifestationen bei Nierenerkrankungen

verfasst von: Dr. med. univ. M. Schmid-Simbeck, Dr. med. univ. A. Udvardi, Univ.-Prof. Dr. B. Volc-Platzer

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 12/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Neben allgemeinen Hautveränderungen wie Blässe oder Trockenheit und dem häufigen, oft quälenden nephrogenen Pruritus kann es im Rahmen einer Niereninsuffizienz zum Auftreten spezieller Krankheitsbilder kommen. Die erworbenen perforierenden Dermatosen sind meist ebenfalls stark juckend. Bei der Kalziphylaxie handelt es sich um eine schwere Erkrankung mit schlechter Prognose. Nicht heilende Wunden mit Superinfektion und Progredienz bis zur Sepsis sind charakteristisch. Bullöse Hautveränderungen können durch Störungen im Porphyrinmetabolismus verursacht werden. Erst im Jahr 2000 beschrieben und näher charakterisiert wurde die nephrogene systemische Fibrose, deren Inzidenz bereits wieder im Sinken begriffen ist. Der Beitrag vermittelt des Weiteren eine Übersicht über systemische Erkrankungen, die sowohl Hautsymptome als auch Nierenveränderungen aufweisen. Dazu zählen Kollagenosen, Vaskulitiden oder Sarkoidose und Amyloidose. Nach einer Nierentransplantation muss besonders auf Hauttumoren und Infektionen geachtet werden. Der letzte Teil dieses Beitrags ist Genodermatosen mit Haut- und Nierenbeteiligung gewidmet, wo zahlreiche ursächliche Mutationen bereits charakterisiert werden konnten. Die Kenntnis der Zusammenhänge von charakteristischen Hautsymptomen und bestimmten, potenziell lebensbedrohlichen Nierenerkrankungen ist wichtig, um weiterführende Untersuchungen und Schritte wie die Überweisung zum Nephrologen frühzeitig einleiten zu können.
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Metadaten
Titel
Hautmanifestationen bei Nierenerkrankungen
verfasst von
Dr. med. univ. M. Schmid-Simbeck
Dr. med. univ. A. Udvardi
Univ.-Prof. Dr. B. Volc-Platzer
Publikationsdatum
07.11.2016
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 12/2016
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-016-3890-3

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