Background
Methods
Included | Excluded | Logistic regression | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Total
| 502 (50.2%) | 498 (49.8%) | ||
Age
| 17-25 | 178 (47.8%)** | 194 (52.2%)** | 1 |
26-45 | 231 (47.8%)** | 252 (52.2)** | 0.89 (0.65-1.23) | |
46-64 | 93 (64.1%)** | 52 (35.9%)** | 0.53 (0.34-0.82)** | |
Sex
| Female | 233 (58.7%)** | 164 (41.3%)** | 1 |
Male | 269 (44.6%)** | 334 (55.4%)** | 1.84 (1.38-2.45)** | |
Place of residence
a
| Mayor city | 150 (42.3%)** | 205 (57.7%)** |
1
|
Other cities | 147 (53.6%)** | 127 (46.4%)** | 0.66 (0.46-0.94)* | |
Smaller cities and rural districts | 205 (55.3%)** | 166 (44.7%)** | 0.62 (0.45-0.86)** | |
Previous unemployment
| No | 284 (54.3%)** | 239 (45.7%)** |
1
|
Yes | 218 (45.7%)** | 259 (54.3%)** | 1.67 (1.25-2.24)** | |
Reemployment
b
| Reemployed | 81 (64.3%) | 45 (35.7%) | 1 |
Not reemployed | 421 (56.4%) | 325 (43.6%) | 1.43 (0.95-2.14) |
OR for failure of reemployment (95% confidence interval) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted | Adjusted for age and sex | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 3 weighted | |
Age
| ||||||
16-25 |
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
26-45 | 1.20 (0.72-2.00) | 1.21 (0.72-2.01) | 1.05 (0.59-1.87) | 1.18 (0.64-2.17) | 1.25 (0.67-2.32) | 1.26 (0.68-2.35) |
46-65 |
2.20 (1.01-4.82)*
|
2.28 (1.04-4.99)*
| 2.09 (0.90-4.84) |
2.70 (1.09-6.70)*
|
2.96 (1.12-7.80)*
|
3.16 (1.09-9.14)*
|
Being a man
| 0.81 (0.50-1.30) | 0.77 (0.48-1.25) | 0.75 (0.45-1.23) | 0.69 (0.41-1.16) | 0.76 (0.44-1.31) | 0.77 (0.44-1.35) |
Born outside Sweden
|
2.26 (1.09-4.70)*
|
2.23 (1.07-4.67)*
|
2.38 (1.11-5.11)*
| 2.09 (0.95-4.61) | 1.83 (0.79-4.26) | 1.79 (0.79-4.05) |
Education
| ||||||
University (reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Secondary school | 0.93 (0.51-1.67) | 1.08 (0.58-2.01) | 1.16 (0.61-2.20) | 1.09 (0.56-2.12) | 1.04 (0.53-2.08) | 0.95 (0.47-1.89) |
Lower secondary school | 1.33 (0.60-2.94) | 1.26 (0.55-2.89) | 1.29 (0.55-3.03) | 1.14 (0.47-2.76) | 1.02 (0.40-2.59) | 0.83 (0.32-2.11) |
Other | 0.83 (0.36-1.91) | 0.81 (0.35-1.90) | 0.79 (0.33-1.89) | 0.64 (0.26-1.58) | 0.58 (0.23-1.51) | 0.47 (0.18-1.19) |
Place of residence
b
| ||||||
Mayor city reference) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Other cities | 1.08 (0.58-2.03) | 1.05 (0.56-1.98) | 1.1 (0.61-2.25) | 1.24 (0.64-2.21) | 1.16 (0.59-2.30) | 1.15 (0.59-2.23) |
Smaller cities and rural districts | 0.93 (0.52-1.63) | 0.89 (0.50-1.58) | 0.96 (0.51-1.78) | 1.10 (0.58-2.10) | 1.17 (0.60-2.27) | 1.23 (0.64-2.36) |
Being married/cohabiting
| 0.91 (0.56-1.47) | 0.73 (0.44-1.24) | 0.70 (0.39-1.22) | 0.67 (0.38–1.19) | 0.64 (0.35-1.14) | |
A big social network
c
| 0.80 (0.58–1.11) | 0.80 (0.57–1.11) | 0.93 (0.65–1.32) | 0.97 (0.67–1.40) | 1.00 (0.71-1.44) | |
High emotional support
| 0.66 (0.36–1.20) | 0.64 (0.35–1.19) | 0.79 (0.41–1.53) | 0.79 (0.38–1.64) | 0.83 (0.41-1.69) | |
Not being able to do monthly savings
|
1.91 (1.18–3.11)**
|
2.03 (1.24–3.32)**
|
1.74 (1.03–2.91)*
|
1.77 (1.03–3.04)*
|
1.83 (1.06-4.14)*
| |
Not managing to summon 14 000 SEK
| 1.38 (0.82–2.33) | 1.46 (0.86–2.47) | ||||
Having difficulties with expenditures
| 1.44 (0.88–2.37) | 1.56 (0.94–2.59) | ||||
Being worried over economy
| 1.25 (0.71–2.21)1.35 (0.76–2.42) | 1.25 (0.71–2.21)1.35 (0.76–2.42) | ||||
Considering work important
| 0.76 (0.40–1.45)0.77 (0.40–1.47) | 0.76 (0.40–1.45)0.77 (0.40–1.47) | ||||
Previously unemployed
| 1.46 (0.89–2.39) | 1.45 (0.87–2.43) | 1.63 (0.96-2.78) | 1.31 (0.75-2.39) | 1.32 (0.76-2.29) | |
Bad self-rated health
| 1.86 (0.86–4.03) | 1.71 (0.78–3.74) | ||||
Longstanding illness
| 1.65 (0.85–3.19) | 1.65 (0.85–3.19) | ||||
Visit to a physician last 3 months
|
1.96 (1.18–3.23)**
|
1.80 (1.07–3.01)*
| 1.61 (0.94–2.27) | 1.51 (0.88-2.60) | ||
Bad physical functioning level (PSC
d
)
| 1.51 (0.82–2.78) | 1.39 (0.75–2.58) | ||||
General mental distress (GHQ-12
e
)
|
1.86 (1.13–3.05)*
|
1.94 (1.17–3.22)*
| 1.39 (0.79–2.45) | 1.38 (0.78-2.44) | ||
Bad mental functioning level (MCS
f
)
| 1.26 (0.77–2.07) | 1.35 (0.81–2.23) | ||||
Depression (subjective)
| 2.60 (0.78–8.64) | 2.66 (0.80–8.88) | ||||
Depression according to CES-D
g
| 1.05 (0.58–1.90) | 1.09 (0.60–1.99) | ||||
Being burned out (SMBQ
h
)
| 1.20 (0.66–2.18) | 1.21 (0.66–2.22) | ||||
Risky alcohol use (AUDIT
i
)
| 0.76 (0.44–1.32) | 0.92 (0.51–1.64) |
Results
Frequency | Percentage | Frequency | Percentage | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reemployment
a
| Reemployed | 81 | 16.1% |
Worried over economy
| No | 100 | 20.6% |
Not reemployed | 421 | 83.9% | Yes | 386 | 79.4% | ||
Age
| 17-25 | 178 | 35.5% |
Significance of work
| Not important | 96 | 20.1% |
26-45 | 231 | 46.0% | Important | 381 | 79.9% | ||
46-64 | 93 | 18.5% |
previously unemployment
| No | 284 | 56.6% | |
Sex
| Female | 233 | 46.4% | Yes | 218 | 43.4% | |
Male | 269 | 53.6% |
Longstanding illness
| No | 376 | 77.8% | |
Place of birth
| Sweden | 392 | 79.5% | Yes | 107 | 22.2% | |
Abroad | 101 | 20.5% |
Visit to a physician
| No | 239 | 50.4% | |
Education
| University | 124 | 25.3% | Yes | 235 | 49.6% | |
Secondary school | 227 | 46.2% |
Self-rated health
| Good | 411 | 84.0% | |
Lower secondary school | 87 | 17.7% | Bad | 78 | 16.0% | ||
Other | 53 | 10.8% |
PSC
d
| Better functioning | 335 | 74.8% | |
Civil status
| Single | 231 | 47.0% | Worse functioning | 113 | 25.2% | |
Married/Cohabiting | 261 | 53.0% |
GHQ-12
e
| No mental distress | 233 | 49.4% | |
Place of residence
b
| Mayor city | 150 | 29.9% | Mental distress | 239 | 50.6% | |
Other cities | 147 | 29.3% |
MSC
f
| Better functioning | 237 | 52.9% | |
Smaller cities and rural districts | 205 | 40.8% | Worse functioning | 211 | 47.1% | ||
Social network size
c
| Low | 100 | 20.6% |
Depression
| No depression | 452 | 91.7% |
High | 386 | 79.4% | Depression | 41 | 8.3% | ||
Emotional support
| Low | 120 | 24.8% |
CES-D
g
| Low degree of dep. | 356 | 76.9% |
High | 363 | 75.2% | High degree of dep. | 107 | 23.1% | ||
Monthly saving
| Yes | 205 | 42.9% |
Burnout
h
| Low burnout | 337 | 75.4% |
No | 273 | 57.1% | High burnout | 110 | 24.6% | ||
Manage sudden expend
| |||||||
Yes | 305 | 63.5% |
Risky alcohol use
i
| No risky alcohol use | 343 | 75.4% | |
No | 175 | 36.5% | Risky alcohol use | 112 | 24.6% | ||
Difficulties with current expenditures
| No | 273 | 56.4% | ||||
Yes | 211 | 43.6% |
Reemployeda
| Not reemployed | Sig.†
| Reemployeda
| Not reemployed | Sig.†
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age
| 17-25 | 34 | 42,0% | 144 | 34,2% |
Worried over economy
| No | 19 | 23,8% | 81 | 20,0% | ||
26-45 | 38 | 46,9% | 193 | 45,8% | Yes | 61 | 76,3% | 325 | 80,0% | ||||
46-64 | 9 | 11,1% | 84 | 20,0% |
Importance of work
| Not important | 65 | 83,3% | 316 | 79,2% | |||
Sex
| Female | 34 | 42,0% | 199 | 47,3% | Important | 13 | 16,7% | 83 | 20,8% | |||
Male | 47 | 58,0% | 222 | 52,7% |
Previous unemployment
| No | 52 | 64,2% | 232 | 55,1% | |||
Place of birth
| Sweden | 71 | 88,8% | 321 | 77,7% | * | Yes | 29 | 35,8% | 189 | 44,9% | ||
Abroad | 9 | 11,3% | 92 | 22,3% | * |
Longstanding illness
| No | 68 | 85,0% | 308 | 76,4% | ||
Education
| University | 20 | 25,0% | 104 | 25,3% | Yes | 12 | 15,0% | 95 | 23,6% | |||
Secondary school | 39 | 48,8% | 188 | 45,7% |
Visit to physician
| No | 50 | 64,1% | 189 | 47,7% | ** | ||
Lower secondary school | 11 | 13,8% | 76 | 18,5% | Yes | 28 | 35,9% | 207 | 52,3% | ** | |||
Other | 10 | 12,5% | 43 | 10,5% |
Self-rated health
| Good | 72 | 90,0% | 339 | 82,9% | |||
Civil status
| Single | 36 | 45,0% | 195 | 47,3% | Bad | 8 | 10,0% | 70 | 17,1% | |||
Married/Cohabiting | 44 | 55,0% | 217 | 52,7% |
PSC
d
| Better functioning | 63 | 80,8% | 272 | 73,5% | |||
Place of residence
b
| Mayor city | 24 | 29,6% | 126 | 29,9% | Worse functioning | 15 | 19,2% | 98 | 26,5% | |||
Other cities | 22 | 27,2% | 125 | 29,7% |
GHQ-12
e
| No mental distress | 49 | 62,0% | 184 | 46,8% | * | ||
Smaller cities and rural districts | 35 | 43,2% | 170 | 40,4% | Mental distress | 30 | 38,0% | 209 | 53,2% | * | |||
Social network
c
| Low | 12 | 15,0% | 88 | 21,7% |
MSC
f
| Better functioning | 45 | 57,7% | 192 | 51,9% | ||
High | 68 | 85,0% | 318 | 78,3% | Worse functioning | 33 | 42,3% | 178 | 48,1% | ||||
Emotional support
| Low | 15 | 18,8% | 105 | 26,1% |
Depression
| No depression | 77 | 96,3% | 375 | 90,8% | ||
High | 65 | 81,3% | 298 | 73,9% | Depression | 3 | 3,8% | 38 | 9,2% | ||||
Monthly savings
| Yes | 45 | 56,3% | 160 | 40,2% | ** |
CES-D
g
| Low degree of depression | 56 | 76,7% | 297 | 76,7% | |
No | 35 | 43,8% | 238 | 59,8% | ** | High degree of depression | 17 | 23,3% | 90 | 23,3% | |||
Manage sudden expenditure of 14,000
| Yes | 55 | 69,6% | 250 | 62,3% |
Burnout
h
| Low burnout | 57 | 78,1% | 280 | 74,9% | ||
No | 24 | 30,4% | 151 | 37,7% | High burnout | 16 | 21,9% | 94 | 25,1% | ||||
Difficulties with current expenditures
| No | 51 | 63,8% | 222 | 55,0% |
Risky alcohol use
i
| No risky alcohol use | 54 | 71,1% | 289 | 76,3% | ||
Yes | 29 | 36,3% | 182 | 45,0% | Risky alcohol use | 22 | 28,9% | 90 | 23,7% |