Background
Methods
Research field and subjects
Information and variables of interests
Description of instruments
EQ-5D
SF-12
Statistical analysis
Scoring EQ-5D
C | MO2 | MO3 | SC2 | SC3 | UA2 | UA3 | PD2 | PD3 | AD2 | AD3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.152 | 0.075 | 0.418 | 0.054 | 0.102 | 0.044 | 0.132 | 0.08 | 0.194 | 0.063 | 0.112 |
Scoring SF-12
Data analysis
Results
Respondent sample
Characteristic | Distribution (%) | |
---|---|---|
Age (Years) | 18–30 | 38(37.6) |
30–45 | 63(62.4) | |
Race/ethnicity | Han nationality | 67(66.3) |
Minority ethnic group | 34(33.7) | |
Marital status | Married/Cohabitating | 97(96.0) |
Separated/divorced | 4(4.0) | |
Education level | <9 years | 73(72.3) |
≥ 9 years | 28(27.7) | |
Employment status in recent three months | Not working | 74(7.3) |
part-time | 3(3.0) | |
full-time | 24(23.8) | |
Household income per year (CNY) | <10,000 yuan | 11(10.9) |
10,000 to 50,000 yuan | 66(65.3) | |
>50,000 yuan | 24(23.8) | |
Time since diagnosis in years | < 1 year | 4(4.0) |
1to 5 years | 37(36.6) | |
>5 years | 60(59.4) | |
Gestational status | pre-delivery | 35(34.7) |
post-delivery | 66(65.3) | |
Infant infection status* | HIV positive | 1(1.0) |
HIV negative | 56(55.4) | |
Unknown | 44(43.6) |
EQ-5D health status
Vector | n | % of Total | Cumulative % |
---|---|---|---|
11,111 | 17 | 16.80 | 16.80 |
11,121 | 6 | 5.94 | 22.74 |
11,112 | 35 | 34.65 | 57.39 |
11,122 | 21 | 20.79 | 78.18 |
11,113 | 5 | 4.95 | 83.13 |
11,132 | 4 | 3.96 | 87.09 |
21,222 | 3 | 2.97 | 90.06 |
(5 Others) | 10 | 9.90 | 99.96 |
Total | 101 | 100 | - |
Variable |
n
| % responding with a problem (moderate to extreme) | VAS mean (SD) |
P
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mobility |
P
| Self-care |
P
| Usual activities |
P
| Pain/discomfort |
P
| Anxiety/depression |
P
| ||||
Age (Years) | |||||||||||||
18–30 | 38 | 2.63 | 0.65 | 2.63 | 0.38 | 2.63 | 0.41 | 36.84 | 0.45 | 71.05 | 0.45 | 74.95(14.40) | 0.56 |
30–45 | 63 | 6.35 | 0.00 | 7.94 | 44.44 | 77.78 | 76.27(15.71) | ||||||
Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||||
Han nationality | 67 | 7.46 | 0.17 | 1.49 | 1.00 | 7.46 | 0.66 | 38.81 | 0.43 | 77.61 | 0.44 | 75.12(15.53) | 0.55 |
Minority ethnic group | 34 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.94 | 47.06 | 70.59 | 77.06(14.57) | ||||||
Marital status | |||||||||||||
Married/Cohabiting | 97 | 5.15 | 1.00 | 1.03 | 1.00 | 6.19 | 1.00 | 41.24 | 1.00 | 75.26 | 1.00 | 75.70(15.30) | 0.82 |
Separated/divorced | 4 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 50.00 | 75.00 | 77.50(13.23) | ||||||
Education level | |||||||||||||
< 9 years | 73 | 5.48 | 1.00 | 1.37 | 1.00 | 6.85 | 1.00 | 42.47 | 0.77 | 79.45 | 0.11 | 73.29(15.33) | 0.007 |
≧ 9 years | 28 | 3.57 | 0.00 | 3.57 | 39.29 | 64.29 | 82.25(12.88) | ||||||
Employment status in recent three months | |||||||||||||
Not working | 74 | 6.76 | - | 1.35 | - | 8.11 | 0.67 | 43.24 | 0.47 | 74.32 | 0.72 | 74.36(15.54) | 0.28 |
Employed part-time | 3 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 66.67 | 100.00 | 83.33(20.82) | ||||||
Employed full-time | 24 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 4.17 | 33.33 | 75.00 | 79.17(13.08) | ||||||
Household income per year | |||||||||||||
< 10,000 yuan | 11 | 27.27 | 0.001 | 9.09 | - | 27.27 | 0.01 | 45.45 | 0.25 | 81.82 | 0.32 | 73.18(10.31) | 0.11 |
10,000 to 50,000 yuan | 66 | 1.52 | 0.00 | 3.03 | 43.94 | 71.21 | 74.14(15.52) | ||||||
> 50,000 yuan | 24 | 2.94 | 0.00 | 2.94 | 23.53 | 58.82 | 81.46(15.14) | ||||||
Time of diagnosis in years | |||||||||||||
< 1 year | 4 | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 0.00 | - | 25.00 | 0.76 | 100.00 | 0.39 | 62.50(20.62) | 0.13 |
1 to 5 years | 37 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 40.54 | 67.57 | 78.19(12.47) | ||||||
> 5 years | 60 | 8.33 | 1.67 | 0.60 | 43.33 | 78.33 | 75.17(16.05) | ||||||
Gestation status | |||||||||||||
Pre-delivery | 35 | 5.71 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 2.86 | 0.66 | 48.57 | 0.30 | 74.29 | 0.87 | 74.29(13.89) | 0.48 |
Post-delivery | 66 | 4.55 | 1.52 | 7.58 | 37.88 | 75.76 | 76.56(15.85) | ||||||
Infant infection status | |||||||||||||
HIV positive/unknown | 45 | 8.89 | 0.17 | 2.22 | 0.45 | 6.67 | 0.65 | 40.00 | 0.27 | 75.56 | 0.95 | 73.22(15.11) | 0.13 |
HIV negative | 56 | 1.79 | 0.00 | 3.57 | 42.86 | 75.00 | 77.82(15.03) |
SF-12 composite scale scores
Variable |
n
| PCS-12 | MCS-12 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean(SD) |
P
| Mean(SD) |
P
| ||
Age(Years) | |||||
18–30 | 38 | 49.91(6.52) | 0.64 | 46.48(7.97) | 0.08 |
30–45 | 63 | 50.16(7.37) | 45.26(9.61) | ||
Race/ethnicity | |||||
Han nationality | 67 | 50.02(7.15) | 0.90 | 46.50(9.29) | 0.64 |
Minority ethnic group | 34 | 49.90(6.90) | 46.40(8.90) | ||
Marital status | |||||
Married/Cohabitating | 97 | 49.62(7.02) | 0.04 | 46.41(9.17) | 0.72 |
Separated/divorced | 4 | 56.95(1.89) | 48.11(9.05) | ||
Education level | |||||
≤ 9 years | 73 | 49.67(7.75) | 0.59 | 46.06(8.86) | 0.45 |
> 9 years | 28 | 50.52(4.78) | 47.59(9.84) | ||
Employment status in recent three months | |||||
Not working | 74 | 49.77(7.08) | 0.93 | 46.24(9.25) | 0.87 |
part-time | 3 | 49.38(3.93) | 45.64(4.41) | ||
full-time | 24 | 50.39(7.40) | 47.32(9.35) | ||
Household income per year(CNY) | |||||
< 10,000 yuan | 11 | 46.87(9.42) | 0.25 | 43.58(7.65) | 0.52 |
10,000 to50,000 yuan | 66 | 49.96(7.01) | 47.00(9.95) | ||
> 50,000 yuan | 24 | 51.16(5.63) | 46.39(7.19) | ||
Time of diagnosis in years | |||||
< 1 year | 4 | 50.55(3.54) | 0.72 | 42.08(9.05) | 0.39 |
1 to 5 years | 37 | 50.60(7.50) | 47.81(8.75) | ||
> 5 years | 60 | 49.44(7.55) | 45.96(9.36) | ||
Gestational status | |||||
Pregnancy | 35 | 48.52(6.99) | 0.15 | 46.39(8.21) | 0.94 |
Delivery | 66 | 50.64(7.00) | 46.53(9.63) | ||
Infants infection status | |||||
HIV positive/unknown | 45 | 48.66(7.61) | 0.11 | 46.64(8.92) | 0.88 |
HIV negative | 56 | 50.91(6.44) | 46.35(9.36) |
Comparison of the SF-12 scores across different dimensions of EQ-5D
EQ-5D dimension | Level |
n
| PCS-12 | MCS-12 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\( \overline{\mathrm{X}} \) ± S |
P
| η-sqa
|
\( \overline{\mathrm{X}} \) ± S |
P
| η-sqa
| |||
Mobility | 1 | 96 | 50.23 ± 0.70 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 46.63 ± 0.94 | 0.48 | 0.005 |
2 | 5 | 43.61 ± 4.02 | 43.68 ± 3.37 | |||||
3 | 0 | - | - | |||||
Self-care | 1 | 100 | 49.96 ± 0.71 | 0.44 | 0.006 | 46.50 ± 0.92 | 0.84 | 0.00001 |
2 | 1 | 44.49 ± 0.00 | 45.03 ± 0.00 | |||||
3 | 0 | - | - | |||||
Usual activities | 1 | 95 | 50.31 ± 0.68 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 46.75 ± 0.89 | 0.25 | 0.01 |
2 | 6 | 43.54 ± 4.14 | 42.28 ± 6.20 | |||||
3 | 0 | - | - | |||||
Pain/discomfort | 1 | 59 | 53.63 ± 5.07 | 0.0001 | 0.38 | 47.71 ± 8.95 | 0.009 | 0.09 |
2 | 33 | 47.52 ± 7.47 | 46.62 ± 7.29 | |||||
3 | 9 | 40.81 ± 6.18 | 37.88 ± 12.33 | |||||
Anxiety/depression | 1 | 25 | 53.08 ± 3.45 | 0.003 | 0.11 | 54.34 ± 4.96 | 0.00001 | 0.37 |
2 | 64 | 49.61 ± 6.79 | 45.47 ± 7.07 | |||||
3 | 12 | 44.90 ± 10.47 | 35.54 ± 11.81 |
Comparison of the EQ-5D utility scores and VAS scores across different PCS-12 and MCS-12 scores
SF-12 | Cut off score |
n
| EQ-5D index \( \overline{\mathrm{X}} \) ± S |
P
| EQ-VAS \( \overline{\mathrm{X}} \) ± S |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PCS-12 | ≤51.04 | 51 | 0.72 ± 0.12 | 0.0001 | 73.59 ± 16.23 | 0.14 |
>51.04 | 50 | 0.82 ± 0.11 | 78.00 ± 13.81 | |||
MCS-12 | ≤47.23 | 50 | 0.71 ± 0.08 | 0.0001 | 72.66 ± 12.49 | 0.04 |
>47.23 | 51 | 0.83 ± 0.13 | 78.82 ± 13.21 |
SF-12 | Cut off score | n | EQ-VAS \( \overline{\mathrm{X}} \) ± S |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|
PCS-12 | ≤54.02 | 9 | 51.95 ± 2.00 | 0.0001 |
>54.02 | 8 | 59.29 ± 1.14 | ||
MCS-12 | ≤57.27 | 9 | 53.27 ± 2.55 | 0.0001 |
>57.17 | 8 | 58.77 ± 1.17 |
The relationship between EQ-5D and SF-12 components scores
EQ-5D(utility) | EQ-5D(VAS) | SF-12(PCS) | SF-12(MCS) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
EQ-5D(utility) | 1 | |||
EQ-5D(VAS) | 0.33 | 1 | ||
SF-12(PCS) | 0.51 | 0.24 | 1 | |
SF-12(MCS) | 0.52 | 0.41 | 0.06* | 1 |