Introduction
Methods
Study Sample and Data Collection
Measures
Individual Characteristics, Health, and Lifestyle-Related Factors
Impairments and Work Ability
Health Care Use
Analysis
Results
MSD (n = 2,074) n (%) | CVD (n = 714) n (%) | MD (n = 443) n (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
Individual characteristics | |||
Age (years) | |||
<30 | 239 (11.5) | 21 (2.9) | 59 (13.3) |
30–40 | 361 (17.4) | 59 (8.3) | 89 (20.1) |
40–50 | 574 (27.7) | 177 (24.8) | 115 (26.0) |
≥50 | 900 (43.4) | 457 (64.0) | 180 (40.6) |
Gender, female | 1,694 (81.7) | 517 (72.4) | 348 (78.6) |
Education | |||
Low | 245 (11.8) | 118 (16.5) | 49 (11.1) |
Intermediate | 1,164 (56.1) | 333 (46.6) | 243 (54.9) |
High | 665 (32.1) | 263 (36.8) | 151 (34.1) |
Work-related factors | |||
Work impairments | |||
No | 517 (24.9) | 262 (36.7) | 83 (18.7) |
Moderate | 1,151 (55.5) | 322 (45.1) | 219 (49.4) |
Severe | 406 (19.6) | 130 (18.2) | 141 (31.8) |
Reduced work abilitya, mean (sd) | 2.5 (1.7) | 2.3 (1.5) | 3.4 (2.0) |
Multimorbidity | |||
More than one disorder diagnosed | 1,428 (68.9) | 534 (74.8) | 378 (85.3) |
Lifestyle | |||
Current smoker | 483 (23.3) | 137 (19.2) | 127 (28.7) |
Insufficient physical activity in leisure time | 710 (34.2) | 240 (33.6) | 157 (35.4) |
BMI | |||
Normal weight | 1,032 (49.8) | 254 (35.6) | 222 (50.1) |
Overweight | 737 (35.5) | 305 (42.7) | 145 (32.7) |
Obese | 305 (14.7) | 155 (21.7) | 76 (17.2) |
Determinants of Health Care Use
Musculoskeletal Disorder
GP | Specialist | Physiotherapist | Psychologist | |
---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95 % CI)b
| OR (95 % CI)b
| OR (95 % CI)b
| OR (95 % CI)b
| |
MSD (n = 2,074) | ||||
Work impairments | ||||
no | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
moderate | 1.64 (1.29–2.08)* | 1.19 (0.94–1.49) | 1.33 (1.07–1.66)* | 1.32 (0.84–2.09) |
severe | 1.55 (1.09–2.21)* | 2.05 (1.50–2.80)* | 1.98 (1.46–2.68)* | 1.34 (0.76–2.37) |
Lower work abilitya
| 1.10 (1.02–1.18)* | 1.10 (1.04–1.17)* | 1.05 (0.99–1.12)† | 1.35 (1.23–1.47)* |
CVD (n = 714) | ||||
Work impairments | ||||
no | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
moderate | 1.23 (0.80–1.90) | 1.52 (1.04–2.23)* | 2.16 (1.41–3.32)* | 1.76 (0.79–3.93) |
severe | 0.89 (0.50–1.60) | 1.94 (1.17–3.22)* | 2.73 (1.58–4.70)* | 1.61 (0.62–4.22) |
Lower work abilitya
| 1.23 (1.06–1.42)* | 1.11 (0.99–1.25)† | 1.08 (0.96–1.21) | 1.45 (1.22–1.72)* |
MD (n = 443) | ||||
Work impairments | ||||
no | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
moderate | 1.55 (0.80–3.02) | 1.25 (0.69–2.25) | 1.45 (0.78–2.67) | 1.55 (0.86–2.78) |
severe | 0.98 (0.46–2.07) | 1.79 (0.92–3.48)† | 1.55 (0.78–3.07) | 1.82 (0.93–3.54)† |
Lower work abilitya
| 1.23 (1.06–1.43)* | 0.99 (0.89–1.11) | 1.11 (1.00–1.24)† | 1.13 (1.01–1.26)* |