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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 8/2012

01.08.2012 | Originalien

HTLV-1-assoziierte Myelopathie/tropische spastische Paraparese

Eine Differenzialdiagnose der Multiplen Sklerose

verfasst von: A. Liesz, S. Hähnel, K. Korn, M. Esiri, W. Hacke, Prof. Dr. B. Wildemann

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 8/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Die HTLV-1 („human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1”)-assoziierte Myelopathie/tropische spastische Paraparese (HAM/TSP) ist eine durch HTLV-1 verursachte – in Europa seltene, in weiten Teilen der Welt jedoch endemische – neurologische Erkrankung. Die Immunpathogenese ist bisher nicht eindeutig charakterisiert, zugrunde liegt aber eine möglicherweise immunvermittelte Schädigung vorwiegend des zervikothorakalen Myelons. Klinisch imponiert die HAM/TSP als eine langsam progrediente spastische Paraparese, die mit Blasenfunktionsstörungen assoziiert ist. Dabei kann die HAM/TSP häufig den Krankheitsverlauf autoimmuner und neurodegenerativer Erkrankungen imitieren. Die Diagnostik erfolgt anhand typischer Klinik sowie über die Bestimmung von HTLV-1-Antikörpern und proviraler HTLV-1-DNA bzw. HTLV-1-RNA. Die Therapie beschränkt sich auf eine symptomatische Behandlung. Die Übertragung kann vertikal über Muttermilch, durch Sexualkontakt und über infizierte Blutprodukte erfolgen. Vor dem Hintergrund eines klinischen Falles aus unserer Klinik stellen wir in diesem Artikel eine aktuelle Übersicht zu Pathophysiologie, Epidemiologie, Klinik, Diagnostik und Behandlung der HAM/TSP vor.
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Metadaten
Titel
HTLV-1-assoziierte Myelopathie/tropische spastische Paraparese
Eine Differenzialdiagnose der Multiplen Sklerose
verfasst von
A. Liesz
S. Hähnel
K. Korn
M. Esiri
W. Hacke
Prof. Dr. B. Wildemann
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 8/2012
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-012-3565-y

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