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Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie 2/2021

18.12.2020 | Impfungen | Leitthema

Prävention HPV-induzierter Erkrankungen durch prophylaktische Impfung

verfasst von: Ulrike Wieland, Prof. Dr. med. Alexander Kreuter

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 2/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Infektionen mit humanen Papillomviren (HPV) gehören zu den häufigsten Virusinfektionen des Menschen. HPV können neben gutartigen vulgären Warzen auch benigne und maligne Läsionen der Kopf-Hals-Region sowie anogenitale Dysplasien und Karzinome verursachen. Seit dem Jahr 2007 sind effektive und sichere prophylaktische HPV-Impfstoffe in Europa zugelassen. In Deutschland sind derzeitig ein bivalenter (HPV16 und 18) und ein nonavalenter HPV-Impfstoff (HPV6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 und 58) erhältlich. Von der Ständigen Impfkommission (STIKO) wird aktuell die geschlechtsneutrale prophylaktische HPV-Impfung im Alter von 9 bis 14 Jahren empfohlen mit der Möglichkeit einer Nachholimpfung bis zum Alter von 17 Jahren. Der nonavalente HPV-Impfstoff schützt sowohl vor einem Großteil HPV-induzierter Dysplasien und Karzinome als auch effektiv vor Genitalwarzen. Auch iatrogen immunsupprimierte Patienten, die älter als 17 Jahre sind, sollten eine prophylaktische HPV-Impfung erhalten, insbesondere bis zum Alter von 26 Jahren. Bei bereits bestehender HPV-Infektion bzw. HPV-induzierten Läsionen führen prophylaktische HPV-Impfstoffe nicht zu einer beschleunigten HPV-Elimination bzw. Abheilung.
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Metadaten
Titel
Prävention HPV-induzierter Erkrankungen durch prophylaktische Impfung
verfasst von
Ulrike Wieland
Prof. Dr. med. Alexander Kreuter
Publikationsdatum
18.12.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 2/2021
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-020-04739-4

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