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Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie 12/2020

17.11.2020 | Pigmentierungsstörungen | Leitthema

Therapie von Pigmentstörungen in Zusammenhang mit systemischen Erkrankungen

verfasst von: Sorina Danescu, Prof. Dr. Carmen Salavastru, GS Tiplica, K. Fritz

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 12/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Pigmentstörungen sind ein häufiges Hautproblem und umfassen ein breites Spektrum von Erkrankungen, deren Ursache in einer abnormen Melanin- oder auch Nichtmelaninpigmentierung der Haut liegt. Sowohl Hyper- als auch Hypomelanosen können erblich bedingt oder erworben sein. Der vorliegende Beitrag fasst die therapeutischen Ansätze zusammen, die bei der Mehrzahl der erworbenen Pigmentstörungen der Haut verfolgt werden. Folgende Hypermelanosen werden thematisiert: Lentiginose, Hyperpigmentierung auf dem Boden endokriner Störungen oder anderer systemischer Erkrankungen, medikamenteninduzierte Hyperpigmentierung. Die erworbenen Hypomelanosen umfassen postinflammatorische Hypomelanose, progressive makuläre Hypomelanose, chemische Depigmentierung, Hypomelanosis guttata idiopathica und punktiertes Leukoderma. Bezüglich der Nichtmelaninpigmentierung wird die exogene Pigmentierung durch Chemikalien, Metalle und Medikamentenexposition diskutiert. Die Therapie basiert primär darauf, die Ursache der Pigmentveränderungen zu finden. Auch das betroffene Areal, das Alter und die ethnische Herkunft sind wichtige Faktoren. Das Spektrum therapeutischer Optionen ist weit: topische Wirkstoffe, chemische Peelings, systemische Wirkstoffe, Laser und lichtbasierte Therapien. Da manche dieser Therapieverfahren Nebenwirkungen haben können, ist die Verfügbarkeit eines Protokolls wichtig, das Angaben zu Medikamentenkonzentration, Dosis, den Parametern der Lasertherapie und der Zahl der Sitzungen enthält. Für jede Störung wird die spezifische dermatologische Therapie dargestellt, auch wenn manche Pigmentveränderungen, die im Zusammenhang mit systemischen Erkrankungen auftreten, unter der Therapie dieser primären Erkrankung ausheilen. Die meisten Erkrankungen verschlimmern sich bei UV(Ultraviolett)-Exposition. Daher ist Sonnenschutz empfohlen, und auch eine kosmetische Abdeckung ist indiziert.
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Metadaten
Titel
Therapie von Pigmentstörungen in Zusammenhang mit systemischen Erkrankungen
verfasst von
Sorina Danescu
Prof. Dr. Carmen Salavastru
GS Tiplica
K. Fritz
Publikationsdatum
17.11.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 12/2020
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-020-04715-y

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