Background
Methods
Aim and study design
Participants
Intervention
Outcome measures
Predictor measures
Statistical analysis
Results
Descriptive statistics
HI-FIVES intervention arm (n = 118) | Usual care control arm (n = 123) | |
---|---|---|
12-month days not at home, mean (SD) | 8.91 (13.10) | 8.62 (14.55) |
12-month CESD-10 score, mean (SD) | 8.17 (6.58) | 7.58 (5.57) |
Baseline CESD-10 scorea, mean (SD) | 9.15 (6.52) | 8.78 (5.36) |
Veteran age, mean (SD) | 73.69 (11.24) | 72.92 (12.12) |
Caregiver age, mean (SD) | 59.87 (11.78) | 61.80 (12.60) |
Caregiver White race (onlyb), % | 56 (47.46) | 48 (39.02) |
Caregiver Hispanic, % | 2 (1.69) | 4 (3.25) |
Relationship satisfaction score, mean (SD) | 45.87 (5.79) | 45.81 (5.71) |
Zarit Burden score, mean (SD) | 19.61 (10.04) | 18.28 (9.30) |
Perceived financial difficulty, % | 61 (51.69) | 49 (39.84) |
Nosos comorbidity index, mean (SD) | 3.44 (3.47) | 3.71 (3.33) |
Days-not-at-home outcome
Outcome 1: days not in the community at follow-up | Outcome 2: caregiver depression scores at follow-up | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline Zarit Burden > 28 | Baseline Zarit Burden ≤ 28 | Baseline CESD-10 > 8 | Baseline CESD-10 ≤ 8 | |||||||||
Hi-Fives n = 23 | Control n = 19 | SMD | Hi-Fives n = 95 | Control n = 104 | SMD | Hi-Fives n = 54 | Control n = 60 | SMD | Hi-Fives n = 64 | Control n = 63 | SMD | |
Patient characteristics | ||||||||||||
Baseline CESD-10 score, mean (SD) | 15.04 (6.70) | 15.47 (5.42) | 0.07 | 7.73 (5.65) | 7.56 (4.37) | 0.03 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Patient age, mean (SD) | 71.74 (13.14) | 72.05 (9.96) | 0.03 | 74.16 (10.76) | 73.08 (12.51) | 0.09 | 72.07 (11.87) | 72.18 (11.94) | 0.01 | 75.05 (10.59) | 73.62 (12.35) | 0.12 |
Caregiver age, mean (SD) | 59.65 (9.36) | 59.05 (13.93) | 0.05 | 59.93 (12.33) | 62.30 (12.35) | 0.19 | 58.72 (10.77) | 62.05 (12.78) | 0.28 | 60.84 (12.57) | 61.56 (12.53) | 0.06 |
White race, n (%) | 14 (60.9) | 7 (36.8) | 0.50 | 42 (44.2) | 41 (39.4) | 0.10 | 28 (51.9) | 24 (40.0) | 0.24 | 28 (43.8) | 24 (38.1) | 0.12 |
Relationship satisfaction score, mean (SD) | 41.83 (7.04) | 40.42 (5.54) | 0.22 | 46.85 (5.01) | 46.78 (5.14) | 0.01 | 43.48 (5.88) | 44.17 (5.81) | 0.12 | 47.89 (4.91) | 47.35 (5.11) | 0.11 |
Zarit Burden score, mean (SD) | – | – | – | – | – | – | 26.15 (9.00) | 21.82 (9.38) | 0.47 | 14.09 (7.19) | 14.88 (7.73) | 0.11 |
Financial difficulty, n (%) | 15 (65.2) | 11 (57.9) | 0.15 | 46 (48.4) | 38 (36.5) | 0.24 | 34 (63.0) | 31 (51.7) | 0.23 | 27 (42.2) | 18 (28.6) | 0.29 |
Nosos comorbidity index, mean (SD) | 3.84 (4.42) | 3.12 (2.57) | 0.20 | 3.35 (3.18) | 3.81 (3.35) | 0.14 | 3.63 (3.93) | 4.14 (3.74) | 0.13 | 3.28 (2.98) | 3.28 (2.65) | 0.00 |
Outcomes | Models | Interaction effects | Type of analysis |
---|---|---|---|
Days not at home (count specification) | Generalized Poisson regression tree | Baseline Zarit Burden score (≤ 28, > 28) | Primary |
Random forest with interactions | Baseline Zarit Burden score, CESD-10, nosos score and patient age | Sensitivity | |
Proportion of days not at home | mCART regression tree | None | Sensitivity |
Any days not at home | Generalized linear regression tree (binomial) | None | Sensitivity |
mCART classification tree | None | Sensitivity | |
CESD-10 score 12-month follow-up | Linear regression tree | Baseline CESD-10 score (≤ 8, > 8) | Primary |
mCART regression | None | Sensitivity | |
Random forest with interactions | Baseline CESD-10 score and, Zarit Burden score | Sensitivity |