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Erschienen in: HNO 1/2019

30.08.2018 | Asthma bronchiale | Übersichten

Immunologie der Polyposis nasi als Grundlage für eine Therapie mit Biologicals

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. L. Klimek, M. Koennecke, J. Hagemann, B. Wollenberg, S. Becker

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 1/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die chronische Rhinosinusitis (CRS) ist eine heterogene und multifaktorielle entzündliche Erkrankung der nasalen und paranasalen Schleimhäute. Bis heute konnte keine international standardisierte einheitliche Klassifikation hierfür entwickelt werden.
Meist wird eine Phänotypklassifikation nach CRS mit (CRScNP) und ohne Polyposis (CRSsNP) vorgenommen. Durch eine Vielzahl von Studien konnte aber gezeigt werden, dass auch innerhalb dieser Phänotypen verschiedene Endotypen der CRS existieren, denen eine unterschiedliche entzündliche Pathophysiologie zugrunde liegt. In diesem Review sollen die wesentlichen immunologischen Vorgänge bei CRScNP dargestellt und hieraus abgeleitete moderne Therapiemöglichkeiten mit Biologika aufgezeigt werden.

Methoden

Das aktuelle Wissen zu den immunologischen und molekularen Prozessen der CRS, speziell der CRScNP, wurde mittels einer strukturierten Literaturanalyse durch Recherchen in Medline, PubMed sowie den nationalen und internationalen Studien- und Leitlinienregistern und der Cochrane Library zusammengestellt.

Ergebnisse

Basierend auf der derzeitigen Literatur wurden die verschiedenen immunologischen Prozesse bei CRS und nasalen Polypen herausgearbeitet. Aktuelle Studien zur Therapie eosinophiler Erkrankungen wie Asthma und Polyposis werden vorgestellt und – falls bereits vorhanden – deren Ergebnisse diskutiert.

Schlussfolgerung

Das Verständnis über die immunologischen Grundlagen der CRScNP kann dazu beitragen, neue personalisierte Therapieansätze mittels Biologika zu entwickeln.
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Metadaten
Titel
Immunologie der Polyposis nasi als Grundlage für eine Therapie mit Biologicals
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. L. Klimek
M. Koennecke
J. Hagemann
B. Wollenberg
S. Becker
Publikationsdatum
30.08.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 1/2019
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-018-0557-7

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