Background
Methods
Study population
Operative procedures
Postoperative management and follow-up
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Control | Long duration |
P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 140) | (n = 116) | ||
Age, y | 54 ± 12 | 55 ± 13 | 0.356 |
Female sex, n (%) | 78 (56%) | 74 (64%) | 0.190 |
Mean AF duration, months | 47 ± 58 | 37 ± 43 | 0.242 |
AF duration ≥ 10 years, n (%) | 16 (11%) | 11 (10%) | 0.614 |
NYHA class III-V, n (%) | 88 (63%) | 68 (59%) | 0.335 |
History of stroke, n (%) | 20 (14%) | 23 (20%) | 0.238 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 9 (6%) | 16 (14%) | 0.048 |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 8 (6%) | 12 (10%) | 0.169 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 29 (21%) | 26 (22%) | 0.742 |
Redo operation, n (%) | 8 (6%) | 2 (2%) | 0.118 |
Echocardiographic data | |||
Left atrial diameter, mm | 56 ± 8 | 58 ± 9 | 0.090 |
LVEF, % | 56 ± 9 | 59 ± 9 | 0.051 |
TR grade, moderate to severe | 17 (12%) | 13 (11%) | 0.971 |
Control | Long duration |
P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 140) | (n = 116) | ||
Mitral valve procedure | |||
MVR | 78 (56%) | 65 (56%) | 0.959 |
MVP | 55 (39%) | 37 (32%) | 0.220 |
Aortic valve procedure | 46 (33%) | 34 (29%) | 0.542 |
Tricuspid valve procedure | 122 (87%) | 94 (81%) | 0.180 |
ASD closure | 10 (7%) | 6 (5%) | 0.517 |
CABG | 1 (1%) | 6 (5%) | 0.049 |
Single valve procedure | |||
MVP | 3 | 7 | |
MVR | 2 | 3 | |
AVR | 3 | 7 | |
TVR / TVP | 2 | 3 | |
Double valve procedures | |||
MVP + TVP/TVR | 34 | 25 | |
MVP + AVP/AVR | 3 | 0 | |
MVR + TVR/TVP | 51 | 40 | |
MVR + AVR/AVP | 6 | 2 | |
AVR/AVP + TVP/TVR | 1 | 0 | |
Triple valve procedures | |||
MVP + TVP + AVP | 7 | 4 | |
MVR + AVR + TVR/TVP | 19 | 20 | |
AVR + TVP + MVP | 8 | 1 | |
Left atrial reduction | 36 (25%) | 42 (36%) | 0.077 |
Miscellaneous | 1 | 4 | |
CPB time (min) | 152 ± 48 | 143 ± 45 | 0.129 |
ACC time (min) | 131 ± 91 | 115 ± 36 | 0.076 |
Postoperative outcomes
Control | Long duration |
P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 140) | (n = 116) | ||
ICU stay (days) | 1.9 ± 2.5 | 2.0 ± 1.9 | 0.580 |
Hospital stay (days) | 12 ± 7 | 12 ± 10 | 0.743 |
In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 1 (1) | 0 | 0.547 |
Complications, n (%) | |||
Postoperative bleeding | 5 (4) | 0 | 0.066 |
Wound infection | 2 (2) | 4 (3) | 0.415 |
Pacemaker implantation | 0 | 1 (1) | 0.453 |
Acute kidney injury | 3 (2) | 1 (1) | |
IABP or ECMO | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0.999 |
CVA | 0 | 0 | 0.999 |
Cardioversion | 1 (1) | 4 (3) | 0.179 |
Rhythm outcomes
Variables | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
P value |
P value | OR (95% CI) | ||
Control group | ||||
Age, y | 0.041 | 0.125 | ||
Female sex | 0.463 | |||
AF duration, months | 0.008 | 0.016 | 1.013 (1.002–1.023) | |
NYHA class | 0.094 | 0.130 | ||
Diabetes | 0.127 | 0.394 | ||
Hypertension | 0.250 | |||
LAD, mm | 0.114 | 0.246 | ||
Long duration group | ||||
Age, y | 0.594 | |||
Female sex | 0.424 | |||
AF duration, months | 0.064 | 0.049 | 1.007 (1.001–1.013) | |
NYHA class | 0.397 | |||
Diabetes | 0.205 | 0.084 | ||
Hypertension | 0.044 | 0.008 | 1.062 (1.016–1.110) | |
LAD, mm | 0.310 |