Background
Methods
Study data
Study population
Outcomes analysis and study endpoints
Statistical analysis
Results
Baseline characteristics | Compensated diabetes N = 72,591 NE = 356,810 | Decompensated diabetes N = 1113 NE = 5553 | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Age-mean (SD), years | 64 ± 14 | 63 ± 15 | < 0.001 |
Female | 41.0% | 47.3% | < 0.001 |
Race | 0.752 | ||
Caucasian | 70.5% | 70.1% | |
African American | 10.5% | 11.5% | |
Hispanic | 11.1% | 11.2% | |
Dyslipidemia | 52.3% | 32.4% | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 70.8% | 51.7% | < 0.001 |
Prior sternotomy | 7.3% | 6.5% | 0.361 |
Chronic lung disease | 18.2% | 13.7% | < 0.001 |
Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 15.5% | 12.0% | 0.001 |
Anemia | 16.1% | 19.4% | 0.003 |
Coagulopathy | 4.0% | 7.5% | < 0.001 |
Conduction abnormality | 5.8% | 7.2% | 0.05 |
Congestive heart failure | 0.7% | 4.7% | < 0.001 |
Cardiogenic shock | 9.3% | 23.9% | < 0.001 |
Drug abuse | 1.4% | 3.3% | < 0.001 |
Smoking | 26.6% | 20.6% | < 0.001 |
Vascular disease | 10.4% | 8.8% | 0.077 |
Coronary artery disease | 64.6% | 48.4% | < 0.001 |
Prior stroke | 3.3% | 2.6% | 0.182 |
Chronic renal failure | 17.4% | 21.2% | 0.001 |
Liver disease | 1.1% | 2.0% | 0.005 |
Teaching hospital | 43.2% | 44.8% | 0.285 |
Rural hospital location | 15.1% | 12.5% | 0.016 |
Primary payer-no (%) | < 0.001 | ||
Medicare/medicaid | 65.1% | 62.0% | |
Private insurance | 25.3% | 24.8% | |
Self-pay | 6.0% | 9.8% | |
No charge/other | 3.7% | 3.4% |
Management | Compensated diabetes N = 72,591 NE = 356,810 (%) | Decompensated diabetes N = 1113 NE = 5553 (%) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Coronary angiography | 62.9 | 52.3 | < 0.001 |
Coronary intervention | 43.2 | 29.6 | < 0.001 |
IV thrombolysis | 1.8 | 1.3 | 0.218 |
Underwent PTCA | 3.2 | 3.7 | 0.308 |
Underwent PCI | 40.0 | 25.8 | < 0.001 |
BMS | 27.4 | 15.4 | < 0.001 |
DES | 13.4 | 10.8 | < 0.001 |
Outcomes of the unmatched cohorts
Clinical outcome | Unmatched cohorts | Matched cohorts | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compensated diabetes N = 72,591 NE = 356,810 (%) | Decompensated diabetes N = 1113 NE = 5553 (%) |
P
value
| Compensated diabetes N = 1103 NE = 5410 (%) | Decompensated diabetes N = 1103 NE = 5410 (%) | P value | |
Death | 11.9 | 26.4 | < 0.001 | 19.4 | 25.6 | 0.001 |
Blood transfusion | 8.2 | 11.3 | < 0.001 | 11.7 | 11.1 | 0.689 |
Acute kidney injury | 13.3 | 40.0 | < 0.001 | 18.9 | 39.4 | < 0.001 |
New dialysis | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.521 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.99 |
Stroke | 1.6 | 3.7 | < 0.001 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 0.087 |
UTI | 7.4 | 13.1 | < 0.001 | 8.3 | 13.1 | 0.001 |
Sepsis | 1.9 | 7.5 | < 0.001 | 4.9 | 7.3 | 0.022 |
Acquired pneumonia | 6.6 | 12.0 | < 0.001 | 7.5 | 12.1 | < 0.001 |
Mechanical ventilation | 2.9 | 8.6 | < 0.001 | 7.1 | 8.0 | 0.456 |
Tracheostomy | 0.6 | 1.5 | <0.001 | 2.6 | 1.0 | 0.006 |
Discharged home | 60.3 | 43.3 | < 0.001 | 51.0 | 44.1 | 0.01 |
Discharged to IC | 26.9 | 29.1 | 28.3 | 29.2 | ||
LOS (mean ± SD) | 5 ± 6 | 7 ± 8 | < 0.001 | 6 ± 7 | 7 ± 7 | 0.02 |
Total charges ($) | 64,396 ± 81,185 | 87,382 ± 132,119 | < 0.001 | 76,983 ± 109,872 | 84,527 ± 125,828 | 0.133 |