Introduction
Methods
Subjects
Patients | N = 111 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Female: 103, Male: 8 | |||
Age | 14.8 ± 2.11 | |||
Height (cm) | 156.71 ± 6.92 | |||
Body weight (kg) | 45.23 ± 7.38 | |||
Body mass index (BMI) | 18.4 ± 2.4 | |||
Lenke classification | Type 1: 66, type 2: 20, type 3: 7, type 4: 4, type 6: 14 | |||
Risser stage | 0: 8, 1: 5, 2: 16, 3: 15, 4: 44, 5: 23 |
Surgical procedure
Radiographic parameters
Pulmonary function testing
Computed tomography scanning and quantitative image analysis
Statistical analysis
Results
Preoperative | Postoperative | p valuea | |
---|---|---|---|
Coronal balance
| |||
Proximal thoracic Cobb angle (°) |
27.8
±
9.3
|
13.9
±
6.6
|
<
0.01
|
Main thoracic Cobb angle (°) |
54.9
±
10.4
|
17.4
±
7.5
|
<
0.01
|
Thoracolumbar/lumbar Cobb angle (°) |
34.0
±
13.4
|
10.2
±
7.9
|
<
0.01
|
Coronal balance (mm) |
0.6
±
16.8
| − 4.6±10.7 |
0.01
|
Apical translation (mm) |
43.8
±
37.8
| − 2.6±18.6 |
<
0.01
|
Sagittal balance
| |||
T2–5 (°) | 6.9 ± 5.2 | 8.1 ± 4.8 | 0.07 |
T5–12 (°) | 15.2 ± 10.6 | 17.0 ± 8.4 | 0.10 |
LL (°) | 48.3 ± 8.8 | 48.7 ± 8.5 | 0.78 |
SVA (mm) | − 16.9±22.4 | − 25.9±21.0 |
<
0.01
|
Pulmonary function
| |||
%VC |
80.0
±
15.9
|
77.7
±
14.7
|
<
0.01
|
VC (L) |
2.54
±
0.53
|
2.74
±
0.76
|
<
0.01
|
FEV1 (L) |
2.13
±
0.50
|
2.38
±
0.49
|
<
0.01
|
FEV1% |
85.8
±
7.6
|
89.0
±
6.2
|
<
0.01
|
Preoperative | Postoperative | p valuea | |
---|---|---|---|
RLV | 1.51 ± 0.36 | 1.53 ± 0.34 | 0.25 |
LLV |
1.24
±
0.31
|
1.29
±
0.32
|
0.01
|
TLV | 2.75 ± 0.65 | 2.82 ± 0.65 | 0.06 |
RLV/LLV ratio |
1.22
±
0.15
|
1.20
±
0.11
|
0.02
|
Correlations between PFT data and TLV
Analysis of factors associated with postoperative LV reduction
Number of patients | Number of incidents | Rate of incidence (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age
| |||||||
11–15 | 75 | 15 | 20.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
16–19 | 36 | 5 | 13.9 | 0.65 (0.21–1.94) | 0.44 | 0.68 (0.22–2.13) | 0.51 |
Gender
| |||||||
Female | 103 | 20 | 19.4 | 1.00 | |||
Male | 8 | 0 | 0.0 | ||||
Risser sign
| |||||||
0–3 | 44 | 9 | 20.5 | 1.00 | |||
4, 5 | 67 | 11 | 16.4 | 0.76 (0.29–2.03) | 0.59 | ||
Lenke classification
| |||||||
Type 1 | 66 | 9 | 13.6 | 1.00 | |||
Type 2 | 20 | 5 | 25.0 | 2.11 (0.62–7.24) | 0.24 | ||
Others | 25 | 6 | 24.0 | 2.00 (0.63–6.36) | 0.24 | ||
Fusion
| |||||||
6–10 | 64 | 7 | 10.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
11–15 | 47 | 13 | 27.7 |
3.11 (1.13–8.57)
|
0.030
|
2.82 (1.01–7.93)
|
0.049
|
UIV
| |||||||
< Th4 | 27 | 7 | 25.9 | 1.00 | |||
> = Th4 | 84 | 13 | 15.5 | 0.52 (0.18–1.49) | 0.22 | ||
Preoperative MT
| |||||||
< 50 | 38 | 4 | 10.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
> = 50 | 73 | 16 | 21.9 | 2.39 (0.74–7.73) | 0.15 | 1.88 (0.56–6.34) | 0.31 |
Operative change in TK
| |||||||
Decreasing | 40 | 5 | 12.5 | 1.00 | |||
No change or increasing | 71 | 15 | 21.1 | 1.87 (0.63–5.61) | 0.26 | ||
Correction rate of Cobb angle
| |||||||
< 0.70 | 61 | 12 | 19.7 | 1.00 | |||
> = 0.70 | 50 | 8 | 16.0 | 0.78 (0.29–2.08) | 0.62 |
Preoperative and postoperative PFT data in cases with fusion length of 6–10 levels and 11–15 levels
Fusion length | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6–10 levels | 11–15 levels | |||||
Preoperative | Postoperative | p valuea | Preoperative | Postoperative | p valuea | |
%VC | 82.0 ± 16.9 | 81.3 ± 14.3 | 0.43 |
77.1
±
14.0
|
72.7
±
13.9
|
<
0.01
|
VC (L) | 2.67 ± 0.48 | 2.91 ± 0.83 | < 0.01 | 2.37 ± 0.55 | 2.51 ± 0.58 | < 0.01 |
FEV1 (L) | 2.21 ± 0.48 | 2.50 ± 0.49 | < 0.01 | 2.03 ± 0.50 | 2.21 ± 0.46 | < 0.01 |
FEV1% | 84.7 ± 7.0 | 88.2 ± 5.9 | < 0.01 | 87.3 ± 8.3 | 90.1 ± 6.5 | < 0.01 |