Background
Methods
Data source
Statistical analysis
Results
Study population
Term (N = 1876) | Preterm (N = 296) | p | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | |||
Characteristics | ||||||
Fetal | Gestational age: median(range) | 39 (37–41) | 35 (24–36) | |||
Birthweight: median(range) | 3240 (1380–5550) | 2080 (500–4770) | <0.001 | |||
IUGR (< 10th percentile) | 223 | 11.9 | 67 | 22.6 | <0.001 | |
Multiple pregnancy | 45 | 2.4 | 142 | 48.0 | 0.9 | |
Male | 894 | 47.7 | ||||
Associated anomalies | ||||||
chromosomal | 95 | 5.1 | 39 | 13.2 | <0.001 | |
other systems | 259 | 13.8 | 74 | 25 | <0.001 | |
Maternal | Age in years: mean | 31.1 | 32.3 | 0.002 | ||
< 30 | 710 | 38.1 | 89 | 30.3 | <0.001 | |
30–34 | 652 | 35.0 | 103 | 35.0 | ||
35–39 | 376 | 20.2 | 63 | 21.4 | ||
≥ 40 | 124 | 6.7 | 39 | 13.3 | ||
Nulliparous | 898 | 48.3 | 137 | 46.4 | 0.5 | |
Geographic origin | ||||||
France | 930 | 49.9 | 116 | 39.2 | <0.001 | |
North african | 362 | 19.4 | 65 | 22.0 | ||
African | 228 | 12.2 | 57 | 19.2 | ||
Other | 346 | 18.5 | 58 | 19.6 | ||
Maternal occupation | ||||||
professional | 444 | 25.2 | 49 | 17.6 | 0.01 | |
intermediate | 354 | 20 | 46 | 16.6 | ||
administrative/public service | 203 | 11.5 | 39 | 14.0 | ||
other | 285 | 16.2 | 50 | 18.0 | ||
none | 479 | 27 | 94 | 33.8 | ||
Diabete mellitus | 82 | 4.4 | 21 | 7.1 | 0.04 | |
Prenatal diagnosis of CHD | 375 | 20.0 | 73 | 24.7 | 0.06 |
Term | Preterm | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | RR | 95% CI | ||
All cases |
N = 1876 |
N = 296 | |||||
Neonatal mortality | early <7 days | 1.5 | 1.0–2.1 | 6.1 | 3.6–9.4 | 4.1 | 2.3–7.3 |
7.3late 7-28d | 1.2 | 0.8–1.8 | 5.7 | 3.4–9.0 | 4.7 | 2.5–8.7 | |
Total | 2.7 | 2.0–3.6 | 11.8 | 8.4–16.1 | 4.3 | 2.9–6.6 | |
Post neonatal mortality | 28d-3 months | 0.9 | 0.5–1.4 | 2.4 | 1.0–4.8 | 2.8 | 1.2–6.7 |
3 m-1y | 1.2 | 0.7–1.8 | 3.7 | 1.9–6.6 | 3.2 | 1.6–6.5 | |
Total | 2.1 | 1.4–2.8 | 6.1 | 3.6–9.4 | 3.0 | 1.7–5.2 | |
Infant mortality | <1 year | 4.8 | 3.8–5.8 | 17.9 | 13.7–22.8 | 3.8 | 2.7–5.2 |
Isolated CHDa
|
N = 1551 |
N = 200 | |||||
Neonatal mortality | early <7 days | 1.0 | 0.5–1.6 | 3.0 | 1.1–6.4 | 3.1 | 1.2–7.9 |
7.9late 7-28d | 0.8 | 0.5–1.4 | 2.5 | 0.8–5.7 | 3 | 1.1–8.3 | |
Total | 1.8 | 1.2–2.6 | 5.5 | 2.8–9.6 | 3.0 | 1.5–6.0 | |
Post neonatal mortality | 28d-3 months | 0.5 | 0.2–1.0 | 1.5 | 0.3–4.3 | 2.9 | 0.8–10.8 |
3 m-1y | 0.8 | 0.4–1.4 | 1.0 | 0.1–3.6 | 1.3 | 0.3–5.7 | |
Total | 1.3 | 0.8–2.0 | 2.5 | 0.8–5.7 | 1.9 | 0.7–5.1 | |
Infant mortality | <1 year | 3.1 | 2.2–4.0 | 8 | 4.6–12.8 | 2.6 | 1.5–4.5 |
Isolated major CHDb
|
N = 542 |
N = 114 | |||||
Neonatal mortality | early <7 days | 2.8 | 1.6–4.5 | 5.3 | 2.0–11.1 | 1.9 | 0.8–4.8 |
late 7-28d | 2.4 | 1.3–4.1 | 4.4 | 1.4–9.9 | 1.8 | 0.7–5.0 | |
Total | 5.2 | 3.5–7.4 | 9.7 | 4.9–16.6 | 1.9 | 1.0–3.6 | |
Post neonatal mortality | 28d-3 months | 1.5 | 0.6–2.9 | 2.6 | 0.6–7.5 | 1.8 | 0.5–6.6 |
3 m-1y | 2 | 1.0–3.6 | 1.8 | 0.2–6.2 | 0.9 | 0.2–3.8 | |
Total | 3.5 | 2.1–5.4 | 4.4 | 1.4–9.9 | 1.3 | 0.5–3.3 | |
Infant mortality | <1 year | 8.7 | 6.4–11.4 | 14.1 | 8.2–21.8 | 1.6 | 1.0–2.8 |
Survival analysis
HR | 95% CI | pc
| HRad
| 95%CI | pc
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isolated CHDa
| |||||||
Gestational age (weeks) | 28–31 | 6.5 | 2.6–16.3 | <0.001 | 4.0 | 1.5–10.4 | <0.001 |
32–34 | 4.9 | 2.2–10.9 | 5.4 | 2.1–13.9 | |||
35–36 | 1.1 | 0.4–3.1 | 0.9 | 0.3–2.7 | |||
Isolated major CHDb
| |||||||
Gestational age (weeks) | 28–31 | 3.3 | 1.3–8.4 | 0.003 | 2.1 | 0.8–5.4 | 0.045 |
32–34 | 3.1 | 1.4–6.8 | 3.1 | 1.2–8.0 | |||
35–36 | 0.8 | 0.3–2.1 | 0.6 | 0.2–1.9 |