Background
Methods
Design
Sample
Procedures
Intervention
Face-to-face (individual) training using motivational interviewing
E-learning (sending educational messages)
Group discussion
Outcome measures
Demographic sheet
Geriatric oral health assessment index
Adult learning theory questionnaire
Validity and reliability
Ethics
Statistical analysis
Results
Group | All | Intervention (N = 43) | Control (N = 43) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Number (%) | Mean (SD) | Number (%) | P-value | ||
Age | 63.35 (4.96) | 63.12 (4.93) | 63.95 (5.21) | ❖ 0.45 | ||
Sex | ● 0.66 | |||||
Female | 38 (41.3) | 18 (41.9) | 20 (46.5) | |||
Male | 54 (58.7) | 25 (58.1) | 23 (53.5) | |||
Academic level | ○ 0.23 | |||||
Elementary school | 19 (20.7) | 12 (27.9) | 6 (14.0) | |||
Intermediate school | 12 (13) | 4 (9.3) | 7 (16.3) | |||
High school | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Diploma | 34 (37) | 15 (34.9) | 17 (39.5) | |||
University degree | 21 (22.8) | 7 (16.3) | 12 (27.9) | |||
Illiterate | 5 (5.4) | 4 (9.3) | 1 (2.3) | |||
Job | ○ 0.29 | |||||
Worker | 3 (3.3) | 1 (2.3) | 1 (2.3) | |||
Employee | 5 (5.4) | 4 (9.3) | 1 (2.3) | |||
Self-employed | 17 (18.5) | 7 (16.3) | 6 (14.0) | |||
Retired | 40 (43.5) | 17 (39.5) | 22 (51.2) | |||
Housewife | 27 (29.3) | 14 (32.6) | 13 (30.2) | |||
Marital status | ○ 0.27 | |||||
Married | 79 (85.9) | 38 (88.4) | 35 (81.4) | |||
Single | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.3) | |||
Widowed | 12 (13) | 5 (11.6) | 7 (16.3) |
Variable | Time | Intervention group (SD) (N= 43) | Control group (SD) (N= 43) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Overall score of oral health related quality of life | Baseline | 48.39 (6.35) | 49.74 (6.36) | ❖ 0.32 |
Follow-up | 54.37 (3.15) | 49.69 (6.27) | ❖ <0.001 | |
Score change (post test- pre test) | 5.98 (4.06) | -0.05 (1.58) | ❖ <0.001 | |
P-value | ● <0.001 | ● 0.84 | ❖ <0.001 | |
Overall score of the effectiveness of adult learning theory | Baseline | 34.09 (5.66) | 34.62 (5.44) | ❖ 0.65 |
Follow-up | 2.93) 37.62) | 5.49 (34.95) | ❖ <0.001 | |
Score change (post test- pre test) | 3.53 (3.36) | 0.32 (1.04) | ❖ <0.001 | |
P-value | ● <0.001 | ● 0.04 | ❖ <0.001 |
Variable | Time | Intervention group (SD) (N = 43) | Control group (SD) (N = 43) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Physical dimension score | Baseline | 23.39 (4.05) | 23.76)4.19( | ❖ 0.67 |
Follow-up | 26.97 (2.12) | 23.81 (4.21) | ❖ <0.001 | |
Score change | 3.58 (2.38) | 0.04 (0.81) | ❖ <0.001 | |
P-value | ● <0.001 | ● 0.71 | ❖ <0.001 | |
Psycho-social dimension | Baseline | 15.74 (3.23) | 16.44 (3.23) | ❖ 0.32 |
Follow-up | 1.74) 18.41) | 3.31) 16.39) | ❖ 0.001 | |
Score change | 2.67 (2.008) | −0.04 (0.75) | ❖ <0.001 | |
P-value | ● <0.001 | ● 0.68 | ❖ 0.001 | |
Pain-discomfort dimension | Baseline | 3.39) 15.93) | 2.88) 16.48) | ❖ 0.29 |
Follow-up | 1.35) 19.27) | 2.56) 15.93) | ❖ <0.001 | |
Score change | 3.34 (2.69) | −0.55 (1.09) | ❖ <0.001 | |
P-value | ● <0.001 | ● 0.03 | ❖ <0.001 |