The 2018 United Nations High Commission for Refugees Report indicates that, by the end of 2017, an estimated 68.5 million people had been displaced from their homes worldwide, including 25.4 million external refugees and 43.1 internally displaced people escaping conflict and persecution [
1]. These figures represented an overall increase of 2.9 million people compared to those of 2016. Over the past 6 years, a major exodus of men, women, and children has been reported from Syria, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Iraq, Yemen, Sudan, Burundi, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Ukraine, among other countries [
1]. Due to the adverse living conditions, close contact, poor nutrition, and mental and physical stress, refugees are at an increased risk of acquiring a range of infectious diseases, in particular diarrheal diseases, hepatitis, arthropod-borne and waterborne parasitic diseases, and respiratory tract infections, including TB [
2]. The combination of these risk factors and poor access to TB health services increases refugees’ vulnerability to acquiring TB infection, which then progresses to TB disease. Additionally, delays in diagnosis results in poor treatment outcomes and continued transmission in the community. The refugee crisis, coupled with the emergent transmission and globalization of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, including multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), during mass gatherings and migration, have now become a priority issue in the international public health agenda [
3,
4].