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Erschienen in: Osteoporosis International 12/2011

01.12.2011 | Original Article

In peripubertal girls, artistic gymnastics improves areal bone mineral density and femoral bone geometry without affecting serum OPG/RANKL levels

verfasst von: L. Maïmoun, O. Coste, D. Mariano-Goulart, F. Galtier, T. Mura, P. Philibert, K. Briot, F. Paris, C. Sultan

Erschienen in: Osteoporosis International | Ausgabe 12/2011

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Abstract

Summary

Peripubertal artistic gymnasts display elevated areal bone mineral density at various bone sites, despite delayed menarche and a high frequency of menstrual disorders, factors that may compromise bone health. The concomitant improvement in femoral bone geometry and strength suggested that this type of physical activity might have favourable clinical impact.

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of artistic gymnastics (GYM) on areal bone mineral density (aBMD), femoral bone geometry and bone markers and its relationship with the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/rank-ligand (RANKL) system in peripubertal girls.

Methods

Forty-six girls (age 10–17.2 years) were recruited for this study: 23 elite athletes in the GYM group (training 12–30 h/week, age at start of training 5.3 years) and 23 age-matched (±6 months; leisure physical activity ≤ 3 h/week) controls (CON). The aBMD at whole body, total proximal femur, lumbar spine, mid-radius and skull was determined using dual-X-ray absorptiometry. Hip structural analysis (HSA software) was applied at the femur to evaluate cross-sectional area (CSA, cm2), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI, cm4), and the section modulus (Z, cm3) and buckling ratio at neck, intertrochanteric region and shaft. Markers of bone turnover and OPG/RANKL levels were also analysed.

Results

GYM had higher (5.5–16.4%) non-adjusted aBMD and adjusted aBMD for age, fat-free soft tissue and fat mass at all bone sites, skull excepted and the difference increased with age. In the three femoral regions adjusted for body weight and height, CSA (12.5–18%), CSMI (14–18%), Z (15.5–18.6%) and mean cortical thickness (13.6–21%) were higher in GYM than CON, while the buckling ratio (21–27.1%) was lower. Bone markers decreased with age in both groups and GYM presented higher values than CON only in the postmenarchal period. A similar increase in RANKL with age without OPG variation was observed for both groups.

Conclusion

GYM is associated not only with an increase in aBMD but also an improvement in bone geometry associated with an increase in bone remodelling. These adaptations seem to be independent of the OPG/RANKL system.
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Metadaten
Titel
In peripubertal girls, artistic gymnastics improves areal bone mineral density and femoral bone geometry without affecting serum OPG/RANKL levels
verfasst von
L. Maïmoun
O. Coste
D. Mariano-Goulart
F. Galtier
T. Mura
P. Philibert
K. Briot
F. Paris
C. Sultan
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Osteoporosis International / Ausgabe 12/2011
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-011-1541-1

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