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Clinical Autonomic Research
Erschienen in: Clinical Autonomic Research 4/2019

10.01.2019 | Review article

Induced pluripotent stem cells for disease modeling, cell therapy and drug discovery in genetic autonomic disorders: a review

verfasst von: Kenyi Saito-Diaz, Nadja Zeltner

Erschienen in: Clinical Autonomic Research | Ausgabe 4/2019

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Abstract

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates all organs in the body independent of consciousness, and is thus essential for maintaining homeostasis of the entire organism. Diseases of the ANS can arise due to environmental insults such as injury, toxins/drugs and infections or due to genetic lesions. Human studies and animal models have been instrumental to understanding connectivity and regulation of the ANS and its disorders. However, research into cellular pathologies and molecular mechanisms of ANS disorders has been hampered by the difficulties in accessing human patient-derived ANS cells in large numbers to conduct meaningful research, mainly because patient neurons cannot be easily biopsied and primary human neuronal cultures cannot be expanded.
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology can elegantly bridge these issues, allowing unlimited access of patient-derived ANS cell types for cellular, molecular and biochemical analysis, facilitating the discovery of novel therapeutic targets, and eventually leading to drug discovery. Additionally, such cells may provide a source for cell replacement therapy to replenish lost or injured ANS tissue in patients.
Here, we first review the anatomy and embryonic development of the ANS, as this knowledge is crucial for understanding disease modeling approaches. We then review the current advances in human stem cell technology for modeling diseases of the ANS, recent strides toward cell replacement therapy and drug discovery initiatives.
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Metadaten
Titel
Induced pluripotent stem cells for disease modeling, cell therapy and drug discovery in genetic autonomic disorders: a review
verfasst von
Kenyi Saito-Diaz
Nadja Zeltner
Publikationsdatum
10.01.2019
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Clinical Autonomic Research / Ausgabe 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0959-9851
Elektronische ISSN: 1619-1560
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-018-00587-4

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