Background
Methods
Literature search
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Data collection and quality assessment
Statistical analysis
Results
Author | Journal | Publication Year | Region of Origin | Number of Sites | Study Durationa (wks) | Diagnosis | Treatment Groups | Number of Patients | Mean Age (yrs) | Female (%) |
Ardizzone [8] | Dig Liver Dis | 2003 | Europe (Western) | 1 | 24 | CD | MTX (25 mg/week) + prednisone (40 mg/day) | 27 | 37.0 | 51.9 |
AZA (2 mg/kg/day) + prednisone (40 mg/day) | 27 | 31.0 | 44.0 | |||||||
Ardizzone [9] | Gut | 2006 | Europe (Western) | 1 | 24 | UC | AZA (2 mg/kg/day) + prednisone (40 mg/day) | 36 | 43.0 | 44.0 |
5-ASA (3.2 g/day) + prednisone (40 mg/day) | 36 | 45.0 | 47.0 | |||||||
Arora [10] | Hepatogastroenterol | 1999 | N America | 1 | 52 | CD | MTX (15 mg/week) + prednisone (variable) | 15 | 37.3 | 20.0 |
Placebo + prednisone (variable) | 18 | 35.6 | 55.6 | |||||||
Bar-Meir [11] | Gastroenterology | 1998 | Middle East | 14 | 8 | CD | Budesonide (9 mg/day) | 100 | 32.7 | 47.0 |
Prednisone (40 mg/day) | 101 | 32.8 | 49.5 | |||||||
Bar-Meir [12] | Dis Colon Rectum | 2003 | Worldwide | 38 | 8 | UC | Budesonide foam (2 mg/day) | 120 | 42.0 | 62.0 |
Hydrocortisone foam (100 mg/day) | 128 | 42.0 | 52.0 | |||||||
Colombel [13] | Gastroenterology | 2007 | Worldwide | 92 | 56 | CD | Adalimumab (40 mg/week or 40 mg/eow) | 517 | NR | 61.9 |
Placebo | 261 | NR | 62.1 | |||||||
Colombel [5] | N Engl J Med | 2010 | Worldwide | 92 | 50 | CD | Infliximab (5 mg/kg) | 169 | 35.0 | 50.3 |
AZA (2.5 mg/kg/day) | 170 | 35.0 | 47.1 | |||||||
Infliximab + AZA | 169 | 34.0 | 47.9 | |||||||
Cortot [14] | Gut | 2001 | Worldwide | 24 | 22 | CD | Budesonide (6 mg/day) + prednisone (variable) | 59 | 35.0 | 52.5 |
Placebo + prednisone (variable) | 58 | 32.0 | 65.6 | |||||||
D’Haens [15] | Lancet | 2008 | Europe (Western) | 18 | 104 | CD | Infliximab (5 mg/kg) + AZA (2–2.5 mg/kg/day) (or MTX) | 67 | 30.0 | 66.2 |
Prednisone (32 mg/day) or budesonide (9 mg/day) | 66 | 28.7 | 57.8 | |||||||
Ewe [16] | Gastroenterology | 1993 | Europe (Western) | 1 | 16 | CD | AZA (2.5 mg/kg/day) + prednisone (60 mg/day) | 21 | 27.3 | NR |
Placebo + prednisone (60 mg/day) | 21 | 29.3 | NR | |||||||
Feagan [17] | N Engl J Med | 1995 | N America | 8 | 16 | CD | MTX (25 mg/week) + prednisone (20 mg/day) | 94 | 34.0 | 46.0 |
Placebo + prednisone (20 mg/day) | 47 | 36.0 | 45.0 | |||||||
Feagan [18] | N Engl J Med | 2000 | N America | 7 | 40 | CD | MTX (15 mg/week) | 40 | 32.0 | 60.0 |
Placebo | 36 | 34.0 | 39.0 | |||||||
Feagan [19] | Gastroenterology | 2014 | Canada | 15 | 50 | CD | Infliximab (5 mg/kg) + MTX (25 mg/week) + prednisone (variable) | 63 | 40.4 | 46.6 |
Infliximab + placebo + prednisone (variable) | 63 | 38.5 | 41.3 | |||||||
Hanauer [20] | Gastroenterology | 2004 | N America | 5 | 104 | CD | 6MP (50 mg/day) | 47 | 34.9 | 51.0 |
5-ASA (3 g/day) | 44 | 34.1 | 57.0 | |||||||
Placebo | 40 | 34.2 | 55.0 | |||||||
Hawthorne [21] | BMJ | 1992 | Europe (Western) | 5 | 52 | UC | AZA (variable) | 40 | 50.0 | 62.5 |
Placebo | 39 | 40.5 | 33.3 | |||||||
Lemann [22] | Gastroenterology | 2006 | Europe (Western) | 22 | 52 | CD | Infliximab (5 mg/kg) + AZA/6MP (2-3 mg/kg/day or 1–1.5 mg/kg/day) + prednisone (variable) | 57 | 26.5 | 52.6 |
AZA/6MP + prednisone | 56 | 27.5 | 57.1 | |||||||
Mantzaris [23] | Am J Gastroenterol | 2004 | Europe (Western) | 1 | 104 | UC | AZA (2.2 mg/kg/day) + 5-ASA (0.5 g TID) | 36 | 33.0 | 50.0 |
AZA | 34 | 35.0 | 52.9 | |||||||
Neurath [24] | Gut | 1999 | Europe (Western) | 1 | 24 | CD | AZA (2.5 mg/kg/day) + prednisone (50 mg/day) | 35 | NR | NR |
MMF (15 mg/kg/day) + prednisone (50 mg/day) | 35 | NR | NR | |||||||
Ochsenkun [25] | Gastroenterology | 2003 | Not reported | Not reported | 13 | UC | Infliximab (5 mg/kg) | 6 | NR | NR |
Prednisone (1.5 mg/kg/day) | 7 | NR | NR | |||||||
Odonnell [26] | Gut | 1992 | Europe (Western) | 1 | 6 | UC | 5-ASA enemas (2 g/day) | 24 | 49.0 | 28.3 |
Prednisone enemas (20 mg/day) | 21 | 43.0 | 61.9 | |||||||
Oren [27] | Gastroenterology | 1996 | Middle East | 12 | 36 | UC | MTX (12.5 mg/day) | 30 | 38.3 | 43.3 |
Placebo | 37 | 38.9 | 51.4 | |||||||
Orth [28] | Am J Gastroenterol | 2000 | Europe (Western) | 1 | 52 | UC | MMF (20 mg/kg/day) + prednisone (50 mg/day) | 12 | 42.4 | 50.0 |
AZA (2 mg/kg/day) + prednisone (50 mg/day) | 12 | 40.4 | 25.0 | |||||||
Prantera [29] | Gastroenterology | 2012 | Worldwide | 55 | 12 | CD | Rifaximin (400 mg/800 mg/1200 mg BID) | 308 | 33.3 | 56.8 |
Placebo | 102 | 37.0 | 59.0 | |||||||
Present [30] | N Engl J Med | 1999 | Worldwide | 12 | 34 | CD | Infliximab (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) | 63 | 38.1 | 57.1 |
Placebo | 31 | 35.4 | 46.0 | |||||||
Rutgeerts [31] | Gastroenterology | 1995 | Europe (Western) | 1 | 12 | CD | Metronidazole (20 mg/kg/day) | 30 | 33.0 | NR |
Placebo | 30 | 37.0 | NR | |||||||
Rutgeerts [32] | N Engl J Med | 2005 | Worldwide | 62 | 46 | UC | Infliximab (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) | 243 | 42.1 | 38.3 |
Placebo | 121 | 41.4 | 40.5 | |||||||
55 | 22 | UC | Infliximab (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) | 241 | 40.4 | 40.2 | ||||
Placebo | 123 | 39.3 | 42.3 | |||||||
Rutgeerts [33] | Gastroenterology | 2005 | Europe (Western) | 2 | 54 | CD | Ornidazole (1 g/day) | 38 | 35.0 | 57.9 |
Placebo | 40 | 30.5 | 50.0 | |||||||
Sandborn [34] | Gastroenterology | 2003 | N America | 18 | 10 | CD | Tacrolimus (0.2 mg/kg/day) | 21 | 40.8 | 52.4 |
Placebo | 25 | 38.1 | 66.0 | |||||||
Sandborn [35] | N Engl J Med | 2005 | Worldwide | 142 | 12 | CD | Natalizumab (300 mg) | 724 | 38.0 | 57.0 |
Placebo | 181 | 39.0 | 60.0 | |||||||
48 | CD | Natalizumab (300 mg) | 168 | 37.0 | 54.0 | |||||
Placebo | 171 | 37.0 | 65.0 | |||||||
Sandborn [36] | Gut | 2007 | Worldwide | 53 | 56 | CD | Adalimumab (variable) | 37 | 36.0 | 56.8 |
Placebo | 18 | 36.0 | 67.0 | |||||||
Sandborn [37] | N Engl J Med | 2007 | Worldwide | 171 | 26 | CD | Certolizumab pegol (400 mg) | 331 | 37.0 | 53.0 |
Placebo | 329 | 38.0 | 60.0 | |||||||
Sandborn [38] | Gastroenterology | 2012 | Worldwide | 103 | 52 | UC | Adalimumab (variable) | 248 | 39.6 | 42.7 |
Placebo | 246 | 41.3 | 38.2 | |||||||
Sandborn [39] | N Engl J Med | 2012 | Worldwide | 153 | 36 | CD | Ustekinumab (variable) | 394 | 38.8 | 61.2 |
Placebo | 132 | 39.5 | 51.5 | |||||||
Sandborn [40] | N Engl J Med | 2013 | Worldwide | 285 | 52 | CD | Vedolizumab (300 mg) | 967 | 35.7 | 53.4 |
Placebo | 148 | 38.6 | 53.4 | |||||||
Sandborn [41] | Gastroenterology | 2014 | Worldwide | 251 | 52 | UC | Golimumab (50 or 100 mg) | 308 | 40.3 | 46.1 |
Placebo | 156 | 40.2 | 51.9 | |||||||
Sands [42] | Inflamm Bowel Dis | 2007 | N America | 17 | 32 | CD | Natalizumab (300 mg) + infliximab (5 mg/kg) | 52 | 39.9 | 54.0 |
Placebo + infliximab | 27 | 38.9 | 37.0 | |||||||
Schreiber [43] | Gastroenterology | 2005 | Worldwide | 58 | 20 | CD | Certolizumab pegol (variable) | 219 | 36.5 | 48.6 |
Placebo | 73 | 35.8 | 67.1 | |||||||
Schreiber [44] | N Engl J Med | 2007 | Worldwide | 147 | 20 | CD | Certolizumab pegol (400 mg) | 215 | 38.0 | 57.0 |
Placebo | 210 | 38.0 | 48.0 | |||||||
Targan [45] | Gastroenterology | 2007 | Worldwide | 114 | 8 | CD | Natalizumab (300 mg) | 259 | 38.1 | 59.0 |
Placebo | 250 | 37.7 | 59.0 | |||||||
Author | Journal | Mean Disease Duration (months) | Surgery (%) | Smoking History (%) | Concomitant Immunomodulatorb Use (%) | Concomitant 5-aminosalicylate Use (%) | Concomitant Steroid Use (%) | Observed Number of Serious Infections | Percentage of Serious Infections (%) | Bias Rating |
Ardizzone [8] | Dig Liver Dis | 76.6 | 33.0 | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
57.3 | 30.0 | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Ardizzone [9] | Gut | 64.4 | NR | 25.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
67.5 | NR | 17.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1 | 2.8 | |||
Arora [1] | Hepatogastroenterol | 109.2 | 26.7 | NR | 0.0 | NR | 0.0 | 1 | 6.7 | Low |
140.4 | 55.6 | NR | 0.0 | NR | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Bar-Meir [11] | Gastroenterology | 60.0 | 15.0 | 30.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
60.0 | 23.8 | 31.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Bar-Meir [12] | Dis Colon Rectum | 42.0 | NR | 41.0 | 0.0 | 52.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
45.6 | NR | 30.0 | 0.0 | 63.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Colombel [13] | Gastroenterology | NR | NR | 35.6 | 51.0 | 39.3 | 38.9 | 14 | 2.7 | Low |
NR | NR | 35.6 | 50.6 | 39.5 | 38.7 | 9 | 3.4 | |||
Colombel [5] | N Engl J Med | 26.4 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 51.5 | 47.4 | 8 | 4.7 | Low |
28.8 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 61.2 | 38.2 | 9 | 5.3 | |||
26.4 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 50.3 | 39.0 | 7 | 4.1 | |||
Cortot [14] | Gut | 106.8 | 30.5 | NR | 15.3 | 49.2 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
97.2 | 36.2 | NR | 8.6 | 48.3 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
D’Haens [15] | Lancet | 2.0 | NR | 55.4 | 0.0 | 4.6 | 0.0 | 4 | 6.0 | Low |
2.5 | NR | 60.9 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 0.0 | 7 | 10.6 | |||
Ewe [16] | Gastroenterology | 55.2 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 57.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
46.8 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 37.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Feagan [17] | N Engl J Med | 93.0 | 47.0 | 49.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
98.0 | 47.0 | 47.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Feagan [18] | N Engl J Med | 88.0 | 43.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
84.0 | 36.0 | 42.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1 | 2.8 | |||
Feagan [19] | Gastroenterology | 130.9 | 57.1 | 63.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
115.4 | 46.0 | 57.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Hanauer [20] | Gastroenterology | 113.0 | 100.0 | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
120.0 | 100.0 | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
127.0 | 100.0 | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Hawthorne [21] | BMJ | NR | NR | NR | 0.0 | 80.0 | NR | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
NR | NR | NR | 0.0 | 85.0 | NR | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Lemann [22] | Gastroenterology | 48.0 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
66.0 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3 | 5.4 | |||
Mantzaris [23] | Am J Gastroenterol | 60.0 | NR | 8.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
48.0 | NR | 6.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Neurath [24] | Gut | NR | NR | NR | 0.0 | NR | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
NR | NR | NR | 0.0 | NR | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Ochsenkun [25] | Gastroenterology | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 0 | 0.0 | Uncertain |
NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Odonnell [26] | Gut | NR | NR | NR | NR | 75.0 | NR | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
NR | NR | NR | NR | 71.4 | NR | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Oren [27] | Gastroenterology | 95.2 | NR | 51.7 | 0.0 | 66.7 | 70.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
70.2 | NR | 51.4 | 0.0 | 67.6 | 73.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Orth [28] | Am J Gastroenterol | 149.0 | 0.0 | NR | 0.0 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 2 | 16.7 | Low |
87.0 | 0.0 | NR | 0.0 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 1 | 8.3 | |||
Prantera [29] | Gastroenterology | 40.0 | 28.6 | 21.8 | 25.2 | 67.4 | 48.8 | 1 | 0.3 | Low |
39.0 | 32.0 | 26.0 | 27.0 | 71.0 | 48.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Present [30] | N Engl J Med | 151.2 | 60.3 | NR | 46.0 | 52.4 | 34.9 | 3 | 4.8 | Low |
144.0 | 59.0 | NR | 29.0 | 61.0 | 35.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Rutgeerts [31] | Gastroenterology | 108.0 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | NR | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
120.0 | NR | NR | 0.0 | 0.0 | NR | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Rutgeerts [32] | N Engl J Med | 85.8 | NR | 46.1 | 51.4 | 69.1 | 58.8 | 11 | 4.5 | Low |
74.4 | NR | 50.4 | 43.8 | 70.2 | 65.3 | 5 | 4.1 | |||
79.2 | NR | 46.9 | 42.3 | 75.9 | 52.3 | 5 | 2.1 | |||
78.0 | NR | 48.8 | 43.9 | 72.4 | 48.8 | 1 | 0.8 | |||
Rutgeerts [33] | Gastroenterology | 84.0 | 100.0 | 44.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 52.3 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
36.0 | 100.0 | 47.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 35.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Sandborn [34] | Gastroenterology | NR | 62.0 | 33.0 | 62.0 | 43.0 | 24.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
NR | 44.0 | 16.0 | 14.0 | 40.0 | 16.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Sandborn [35] | N Engl J Med | 121.0 | 41.0 | 23.0 | 34.0 | 47.0 | 38.0 | 12 | 1.7 | Low |
110.0 | 40.0 | 24.0 | 28.0 | 44.0 | 40.0 | 4 | 2.2 | |||
119.0 | 33.0 | 16.0 | 37.0 | 9.0 | 38.0 | 6 | 3.6 | |||
116.0 | 40.0 | 26.0 | 35.0 | 54.0 | 46.0 | 5 | 2.9 | |||
Sandborn [36] | Gut | 101.2 | NR | 86.5 | 24.3 | 70.3 | 45.9 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
98.9 | NR | 67.0 | 18.0 | 44.0 | 56.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Sandborn [37] | N Engl J Med | 84.0 | 36.0 | 31.0 | 21.0 | NR | 22.0 | 7 | 2.1 | Low |
96.0 | 34.0 | 33.0 | 20.0 | NR | 23.0 | 3 | 0.9 | |||
Sandborn [38] | Gastroenterology | 97.2 | NR | NR | 37.5 | 58.9 | 60.5 | 4 | 1.6 | Low |
102.0 | NR | NR | 32.5 | 63.0 | 56.9 | 5 | 2.0 | |||
Sandborn [39] | N Engl J Med | 147.6 | NR | NR | 24.4 | 17.0 | 48.0 | 10 | 2.5 | Low |
148.8 | NR | NR | 22.7 | 18.2 | 55.3 | 8 | 6.1 | |||
Sandborn [40] | N Engl J Med | 110.4 | 42.6 | 27.3 | 16.1 | NR | 34.7 | 45 | 4.7 | Low |
98.4 | 36.5 | 23.0 | 16.9 | NR | 30.4 | 9 | 6.1 | |||
Sandborn [41] | Gastroenterology | 84.0 | NR | NR | 30.8 | 80.2 | 53.8 | 10 | 3.2 | Low |
82.8 | NR | NR | 33.3 | 80.1 | 56.4 | 3 | 1.9 | |||
Sands [42] | Inflamm Bowel Dis | 150.3 | NR | NR | 50.0 | 46.0 | 27.0 | 0 | 0.0 | Low |
120.0 | NR | NR | 56.0 | 37.0 | 30.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Schreiber [43] | Gastroenterology | 99.6 | 36.1 | NR | 37.4 | 44.3 | 34.7 | 1 | 0.4 | Low |
95.4 | 37.0 | NR | 35.6 | 39.7 | 39.7 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Schreiber [44] | N Engl J Med | 108.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 27.0 | NR | 22.0 | 6 | 2.8 | Low |
84.0 | 35.0 | 36.0 | 25.0 | NR | 21.0 | 2 | 0.9 | |||
Targan [45] | Gastroenterology | 121.4 | NR | NR | 37.0 | 49.0 | 42.0 | 1 | 0.4 | Low |
120.3 | NR | NR | 38.0 | 48.0 | 38.0 | 4 | 1.6 |
Treatment strategy | Comparator | Odds ratio | Standard error | 95% Confidence interval | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infliximab | Placebo | 1.36 | 0.45 | 0.57 | 3.27 |
Adalimumab | Placebo | 0.77 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 1.56 |
Certolizumab pegol | Placebo | 2.37 | 0.50 | 0.88 | 6.38 |
Natalizumab | Placebo | 0.80 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 1.73 |
Ustekinumab | Placebo | 0.40 | 0.49 | 0.16 | 1.05 |
Vedolizumab | Placebo | 0.75 | 0.38 | 0.36 | 1.58 |
Golimumab | Placebo | 1.71 | 0.67 | 0.46 | 6.31 |
Methotrexate | Placebo | 0.52 | 1.28 | 0.04 | 6.34 |
Azathioprine/6MP | Placebo | 1.43 | 0.61 | 0.43 | 4.76 |
Prednisone | Placebo | 1.92 | 0.85 | 0.36 | 10.21 |
Budesonide | Placebo | 1.99 | 1.65 | 0.08 | 50.97 |
Aminosalicylate | Placebo | 1.37 | 1.40 | 0.09 | 21.47 |
Antibiotic | Placebo | 1.01 | 1.07 | 0.12 | 8.34 |
Tacrolimus | Placebo | 1.19 | 2.02 | 0.02 | 62.32 |
Methotrexate + prednisone | Placebo | 2.94 | 1.45 | 0.17 | 50.23 |
Azathioprine/6MP + prednisone | Placebo | 2.37 | 1.76 | 0.07 | 75.25 |
Aminosalicylate + prednisone | Placebo | 7.32 | 2.41 | 0.06 | 832.34 |
Budesonide + prednisone | Placebo | 1.89 | 2.18 | 0.03 | 135.88 |
MMF + prednisone | Placebo | 4.14 | 2.07 | 0.07 | 241.50 |
Infliximab + azathioprine/6MP | Placebo | 1.10 | 0.65 | 0.31 | 3.97 |
Azathioprine/6MP + aminosalicylate | Placebo | 1.35 | 2.11 | 0.02 | 83.66 |
Natalizumab + inflximab | Placebo | 0.71 | 2.06 | 0.01 | 40.65 |
Infliximab + azathioprine/6MP + prednisone | Placebo | 0.32 | 2.33 | 0.00 | 30.40 |
Treatment strategy | Comparator | Odds ratio | Standard error | 95% Confidence interval | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adalimumab | Infliximab | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.18 | 1.74 |
Certolizumab pegol | Infliximab | 1.74 | 0.67 | 0.47 | 6.53 |
Natalizumab | Infliximab | 0.58 | 0.60 | 0.18 | 1.88 |
Ustekinumab | Infliximab | 0.30 | 0.66 | 0.08 | 1.08 |
Vedolizumab | Infliximab | 0.55 | 0.58 | 0.18 | 1.74 |
Golimumab | Infliximab | 1.26 | 0.80 | 0.26 | 6.05 |
Infliximab + azathioprine/6MP | Infliximab | 0.81 | 0.50 | 0.30 | 2.17 |
Infliximab + azathioprine/6MP + prednisone | Infliximab | 0.23 | 2.29 | 0.00 | 20.82 |
Certolizumab pegol | Adalimumab | 3.08 | 0.62 | 0.91 | 10.37 |
Natalizumab | Adalimumab | 1.03 | 0.54 | 0.36 | 2.94 |
Ustekinumab | Adalimumab | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.16 | 1.71 |
Vedolizumab | Adalimumab | 0.98 | 0.52 | 0.35 | 2.71 |
Golimumab | Adalimumab | 2.22 | 0.76 | 0.50 | 9.78 |
Natalizumab | Certolizumab pegol | 0.34 | 0.64 | 0.10 | 1.18 |
Ustekinumab | Certolizumab pegol | 0.17 | 0.70 | 0.04 | 0.67 |
Vedolizumab | Certolizumab pegol | 0.32 | 0.63 | 0.09 | 1.09 |
Golimumab | Certolizumab pegol | 0.72 | 0.84 | 0.14 | 3.71 |
Treatment strategy | Comparator | Odds ratio | Standard error | 95% Confidence interval | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Azathioprine/6MP | Methotrexate | 2.75 | 1.42 | 0.17 | 44.07 |
Prednisone | Azathioprine/6MP | 1.34 | 0.76 | 0.30 | 5.96 |
Infliximab + azathioprine/6MP | Azathioprine/6MP | 0.77 | 0.50 | 0.29 | 2.06 |
Ustekinumab | Natalizumab | 0.51 | 0.63 | 0.15 | 1.73 |
Vedolizumab | Natalizumab | 0.95 | 0.55 | 0.32 | 2.76 |
Golimumab | Natalizumab | 2.15 | 0.77 | 0.47 | 9.82 |
Vedolizumab | Ustekinumab | 1.87 | 0.61 | 0.56 | 6.22 |
Golimumab | Ustekinumab | 4.24 | 0.82 | 0.84 | 21.32 |
Golimumab | Vedolizumab | 2.27 | 0.76 | 0.51 | 10.16 |