Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Herz 8/2012

01.12.2012 | Original article

Interleukin-6 and E-selectin in acute coronary syndromes and stable angina pectoris

A comparative study

verfasst von: N. Sarrafzadegan, M. Sadeghi, F. Ghaffarpasand, M.D., A. Alisaeidi, H. Sanei, H. Zakeri, T. Rastegar, A. Amiri, M. Dehghankhalili

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 8/2012

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of the study was to compare the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), E-selectin, and trans-fatty acids (TFA) between those with stable and unstable angina pectoris.

Methods

From September 2008 to March 2009, a case–control study was performed at two university hospitals. We included 89 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) including patients with myocardial infarction and those with unstable angina pectoris (case group) and 93 patients with stable angina pectoris (control group). The two groups were matched with respect to demographic characteristics and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Serum levels of IL-6 and E-selectin were measured using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, while TFA and lipoproteins were measured using gas chromatography and enzymatic methods, respectively.

Results

No significant differences between baseline characteristics of the two study groups were observed. Patients with stable angina had significantly higher serum levels of total cholesterol (187.0 ± 3.7 vs. 171.6 ± 4.2 mg/dl; p = 0.009), low density lipoproteins (104.8 ± 2.4 vs. 95.4 ± 2.7; p = 0.017), and TFA (1.41 ± 0.47 vs. 1.24 ± 0.69 mg/dl; p = 0.047) compared to those with ACS. Serum levels of IL-6 were found to be significantly higher in those with stable angina compared to those with ACS (102.4 ± 1.9 vs. 224.6 ± 3.6; p = 0.007). However, patients with ACS had higher levels of E-selectin (53.5 ± 25.7 vs. 49.2 ± 23.5 µg/dl; p = 0.52), but the difference did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion

In the current study, inflammation as measured by IL-6 and E-selectin was not found to play an important role in progression of ischemic heart disease from stable angina to unstable angina or myocardial infarction, which is contrary to previous studies.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Antman EM, Selwyn AP, Braunwald E, Loscalzo J (2008) Ischemic heart disease. In: Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J (eds) Harrison’s principals of internal medicine, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 1514–1527 Antman EM, Selwyn AP, Braunwald E, Loscalzo J (2008) Ischemic heart disease. In: Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J (eds) Harrison’s principals of internal medicine, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 1514–1527
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A (2002) Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 105:1135–1143PubMedCrossRef Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A (2002) Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 105:1135–1143PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Wal AC van der, Becker AE, Loos CM van der, Das PK (1994) Site of intimal rupture or erosion of thrombosed coronary atherosclerotic plaques is characterized by an inflammatory process irrespective of the dominant plaque morphology. Circulation 89:36–44PubMedCrossRef Wal AC van der, Becker AE, Loos CM van der, Das PK (1994) Site of intimal rupture or erosion of thrombosed coronary atherosclerotic plaques is characterized by an inflammatory process irrespective of the dominant plaque morphology. Circulation 89:36–44PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Haverkate F, Thompson SG, Pyke SDM et al for the European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities Angina Pectoris Study Group (1997) Production of C-reactive protein and risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina. Lancet 349:462–466PubMedCrossRef Haverkate F, Thompson SG, Pyke SDM et al for the European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities Angina Pectoris Study Group (1997) Production of C-reactive protein and risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina. Lancet 349:462–466PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Heinrich PC, Castell JV, Andus T (1990) Interleukin-6 and the acute phase response. Biochem J 265:621–636PubMed Heinrich PC, Castell JV, Andus T (1990) Interleukin-6 and the acute phase response. Biochem J 265:621–636PubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Baumann H, Gauldie J (1990) Regulation of hepatic acute phase plasma protein genes by hepatocyte stimulating factors and other mediators of inflammation. Mol Biol Med 7:147–159PubMed Baumann H, Gauldie J (1990) Regulation of hepatic acute phase plasma protein genes by hepatocyte stimulating factors and other mediators of inflammation. Mol Biol Med 7:147–159PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Ridker PM, Rifai N, Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH (2000) Plasma concentration of interleukin-6 and the risk of future myocardial infarction among apparently healthy men. Circulation 101:1767–1772PubMedCrossRef Ridker PM, Rifai N, Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH (2000) Plasma concentration of interleukin-6 and the risk of future myocardial infarction among apparently healthy men. Circulation 101:1767–1772PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Hillis GS, Flapan AD (1998) Cell adhesion molecules in cardiovascular disease: a clinical perspective. Heart 79:429–431PubMed Hillis GS, Flapan AD (1998) Cell adhesion molecules in cardiovascular disease: a clinical perspective. Heart 79:429–431PubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Galkina E, Ley K (2007) Vascular adhesion molecules in atherosclerosis. Atheroscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27:2292–2301CrossRef Galkina E, Ley K (2007) Vascular adhesion molecules in atherosclerosis. Atheroscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27:2292–2301CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Tousoulis D, Antoniades C, Bosinakou E et al (2007) Differences in inflammatory and thrombotic markers between unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 115:203–207PubMedCrossRef Tousoulis D, Antoniades C, Bosinakou E et al (2007) Differences in inflammatory and thrombotic markers between unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 115:203–207PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Suefuji H, Ogawa H, Yasue H et al (2000) Increased plasma level of soluble E-selectin in acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 140:243–248PubMedCrossRef Suefuji H, Ogawa H, Yasue H et al (2000) Increased plasma level of soluble E-selectin in acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 140:243–248PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Atalar E, Aytemir K, Haznedaroğlu I et al (2001) Increased plasma levels of soluble selectins in patients with unstable angina. Int J Cardiol 78:69–73PubMedCrossRef Atalar E, Aytemir K, Haznedaroğlu I et al (2001) Increased plasma levels of soluble selectins in patients with unstable angina. Int J Cardiol 78:69–73PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Lin CP, Lin WT, Leu HB et al (2003) Differential mononuclear cell activity and endothelial inflammation in coronary artery disease and cardiac syndrome X. Int J Cardiol 89:53–62PubMedCrossRef Lin CP, Lin WT, Leu HB et al (2003) Differential mononuclear cell activity and endothelial inflammation in coronary artery disease and cardiac syndrome X. Int J Cardiol 89:53–62PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD, Katan MB (2003) Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: a meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 77:1146–1155PubMed Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD, Katan MB (2003) Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: a meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 77:1146–1155PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Shai I, Rimm EB, Hankinson SE et al (2004) Multivariate assessment of lipid parameters as predictors of coronary heart disease among postmenopausal women: potential implications for clinical guidelines. Circulation 110:2824–2830PubMedCrossRef Shai I, Rimm EB, Hankinson SE et al (2004) Multivariate assessment of lipid parameters as predictors of coronary heart disease among postmenopausal women: potential implications for clinical guidelines. Circulation 110:2824–2830PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat The Criteria Committee of the New York Heart Association (1994) Nomenclature and criteria for diagnosis of the heart and great vessels (9th edn), Little, Brown, & Co, Boston, MA, USA, pp 253–256 The Criteria Committee of the New York Heart Association (1994) Nomenclature and criteria for diagnosis of the heart and great vessels (9th edn), Little, Brown, & Co, Boston, MA, USA, pp 253–256
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Bennett JA, Riegel B, Bittner V, Nichols J (2002) Validity and reliability of the NYHA classes for measuring research outcomes in patients with cardiac disease. Heart Lung 31:262–270PubMedCrossRef Bennett JA, Riegel B, Bittner V, Nichols J (2002) Validity and reliability of the NYHA classes for measuring research outcomes in patients with cardiac disease. Heart Lung 31:262–270PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Soler EP, Ruiz VC (2010) Epidemiology and risk factors of cerebral ischemia and ischemic heart diseases: similarities and differences. Curr Cardiol Rev 6:138–149PubMedCrossRef Soler EP, Ruiz VC (2010) Epidemiology and risk factors of cerebral ischemia and ischemic heart diseases: similarities and differences. Curr Cardiol Rev 6:138–149PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Nasuno A, Matsubara T, Hori T et al (2002) Levels of soluble E-selectin and ICAM-1 in the coronary circulation of patients with stable coronary artery disease: association with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Jpn Heart J 43:93–101PubMedCrossRef Nasuno A, Matsubara T, Hori T et al (2002) Levels of soluble E-selectin and ICAM-1 in the coronary circulation of patients with stable coronary artery disease: association with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Jpn Heart J 43:93–101PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Li Y, Wei YS, Wang M et al (2005) Association between the Ser128Arg variant of the E-selectin and risk of coronary artery disease in the central China. Int J Cardiol 103:33–36PubMedCrossRef Li Y, Wei YS, Wang M et al (2005) Association between the Ser128Arg variant of the E-selectin and risk of coronary artery disease in the central China. Int J Cardiol 103:33–36PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Endler G, Exner M, Raith M et al (2003) The E-selectin S128R polymorphism is not a risk factor for coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Thromb Res 112:47–50PubMedCrossRef Endler G, Exner M, Raith M et al (2003) The E-selectin S128R polymorphism is not a risk factor for coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Thromb Res 112:47–50PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Rauchhaus M, Gross M, Schulz S et al (2002) The E-selectin SER128ARG gene polymorphism and restenosis after successful coronary angioplasty. Int J Cardiol 83:249–257PubMedCrossRef Rauchhaus M, Gross M, Schulz S et al (2002) The E-selectin SER128ARG gene polymorphism and restenosis after successful coronary angioplasty. Int J Cardiol 83:249–257PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Kowalska I, Straczkowski M, Nikolajuk A et al (2006) Plasma adiponectin and E-selectin concentrations in patients with coronary heart disease and newly diagnosed disturbances of glucose metabolism. Adv Med Sci 51:94–97PubMed Kowalska I, Straczkowski M, Nikolajuk A et al (2006) Plasma adiponectin and E-selectin concentrations in patients with coronary heart disease and newly diagnosed disturbances of glucose metabolism. Adv Med Sci 51:94–97PubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Kowalska I, Straczkowski M, Szelachowska M et al (2002) Circulating E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in men with coronary artery disease assessed by angiography and disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism. Metabolism 51:733–736PubMedCrossRef Kowalska I, Straczkowski M, Szelachowska M et al (2002) Circulating E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in men with coronary artery disease assessed by angiography and disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism. Metabolism 51:733–736PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Ellsworth DL, Bielak LF, Turner ST et al (2001) Gender- and age-dependent relationships between the E-selectin S128R polymorphism and coronary artery calcification. J Mol Med 79:390–398PubMedCrossRef Ellsworth DL, Bielak LF, Turner ST et al (2001) Gender- and age-dependent relationships between the E-selectin S128R polymorphism and coronary artery calcification. J Mol Med 79:390–398PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Galvani M, Ferrini D, Ottani F et al (2000) Soluble E-selectin is not a marker of unstable coronary plaque in serum of patients with ischemic heart disease. J Thromb Thrombolysis 9:53–60PubMedCrossRef Galvani M, Ferrini D, Ottani F et al (2000) Soluble E-selectin is not a marker of unstable coronary plaque in serum of patients with ischemic heart disease. J Thromb Thrombolysis 9:53–60PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Saremi A, Anderson RJ, Luo P et al (2009) Association between IL-6 and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis in the veterans affairs diabetes trial (VADT). Atherosclerosis 203:610–614PubMedCrossRef Saremi A, Anderson RJ, Luo P et al (2009) Association between IL-6 and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis in the veterans affairs diabetes trial (VADT). Atherosclerosis 203:610–614PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Gotsman I, Stabholz A, Planer D et al (2008) Serum cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 associated with the severity of coronary artery disease: indicators of an active inflammatory burden? Isr Med Assoc J 10:494–498PubMed Gotsman I, Stabholz A, Planer D et al (2008) Serum cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 associated with the severity of coronary artery disease: indicators of an active inflammatory burden? Isr Med Assoc J 10:494–498PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Ikeda U, Ito T, Shimada K (2001) Interleukin-6 and acute coronary syndrome. Clin Cardiol 24:701–704PubMedCrossRef Ikeda U, Ito T, Shimada K (2001) Interleukin-6 and acute coronary syndrome. Clin Cardiol 24:701–704PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Aydin M, Tekin IO, Dogan SM et al (2009) The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. Mediators Inflamm 2009:106145PubMedCrossRef Aydin M, Tekin IO, Dogan SM et al (2009) The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. Mediators Inflamm 2009:106145PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Fraser A, May M, Lowe G et al (2009) Interleukin-6 and incident coronary heart disease: results from the British Women’s Heart and Health Study. Atherosclerosis 202:567–572PubMedCrossRef Fraser A, May M, Lowe G et al (2009) Interleukin-6 and incident coronary heart disease: results from the British Women’s Heart and Health Study. Atherosclerosis 202:567–572PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Kuo LT, Yang NI, Cherng WJ et al (2008) Serum interleukin-6 levels, not genotype, correlate with coronary plaque complexity. Int Heart J 49:391–402PubMedCrossRef Kuo LT, Yang NI, Cherng WJ et al (2008) Serum interleukin-6 levels, not genotype, correlate with coronary plaque complexity. Int Heart J 49:391–402PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Funayama H, Ishikawa SE, Kubo N et al (2004) Increases in interleukin-6 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the infarct-related coronary artery of acute myocardial infarction. Circ J 68:451–454PubMedCrossRef Funayama H, Ishikawa SE, Kubo N et al (2004) Increases in interleukin-6 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the infarct-related coronary artery of acute myocardial infarction. Circ J 68:451–454PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Mozaffarian D, Katan MB, Ascherio A et al (2006) Trans fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 354:1601–1613PubMedCrossRef Mozaffarian D, Katan MB, Ascherio A et al (2006) Trans fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 354:1601–1613PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Souza JR, Oliveira RT, Blotta MH, Coelho OR (2008) Serum levels of interleukin-6 (Il-6), interleukin-18 (Il-18) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with type-2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation. Arq Bras Cardiol 90:86–90PubMedCrossRef Souza JR, Oliveira RT, Blotta MH, Coelho OR (2008) Serum levels of interleukin-6 (Il-6), interleukin-18 (Il-18) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with type-2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation. Arq Bras Cardiol 90:86–90PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Interleukin-6 and E-selectin in acute coronary syndromes and stable angina pectoris
A comparative study
verfasst von
N. Sarrafzadegan
M. Sadeghi
F. Ghaffarpasand, M.D.
A. Alisaeidi
H. Sanei
H. Zakeri
T. Rastegar
A. Amiri
M. Dehghankhalili
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2012
Verlag
Urban and Vogel
Erschienen in
Herz / Ausgabe 8/2012
Print ISSN: 0340-9937
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-6692
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-012-3648-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2012

Herz 8/2012 Zur Ausgabe

Update Kardiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.