Background
Methods
Study design
Definitions
Statistical analysis
Results
Variables | Sustained Hemostasis (n = 324) | Rebleeding (n = 89) |
p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years)
| 64.8 ± 13.9 | 66.4 ± 13.2 | 0.812 |
Female gender, n (%)
| 87(26.8) | 35(39.3) | 0.022* |
Hb (g/L) | 96.7 ± 28.2 | 82.5 ± 24.1 | < 0.001* |
Creatinine
| 2.0 ± 2.3 | 3.6 ± 3.3 | < 0.001* |
Platelet (× 109/L) | 197.4 ± 87.3 | 188.0 ± 129.0 | 0.031* |
Use of NSAIDs, n (%)
| 29(9.0) | 4(4.5) | 0.170 |
Use of aspirin, n (%)
| 60(18.5) | 9(10.1) | 0.060 |
Use of clopidogrel, n (%)
| 38(11.7) | 11(12.4) | 0.870 |
Use of wafarin, n (%)
| 15(4.6) | 5(5.6) | 0.700 |
Shock on admission, n (%)
| 165(50.9) | 53(59.6) | 0.149 |
Coexisting illness, n (%)
| |||
CKD III to V
| 126(38.9) | 63(70.8) | < 0.001* |
COPD
| 22(6.8) | 7(7.9) | 0.725 |
CAD
| 62(19.1) | 23(25.8) | 0.166 |
DM
| 87(26.9) | 37(41.6) | 0.007* |
CVA
| 54(16.7) | 20(22.5) | 0.206 |
Liver Cirrhosis
| 55(17.0) | 12(13.5) | 0.429 |
Rockall score
| 6.0 ± 1.6 | 6.8 ± 1.7 | < 0.001* |
Time to endoscope (h)
| 14.7 ± 13.6 | 18.5 ± 20.3 | 0.333 |
Ulcer size (cm)
| 1.0 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.884 |
Multiple ulcers, n (%)
| 105(32.4) | 36(40.4) | 0.156 |
High stigmata in Forrest classification, n (%)
| 316(97.5) | 86(96.6) | 0.640 |
PRBC BT(mL)
| 1203.2 ± 1640.4 | 2192.6 ± 2077.3 | < 0.001* |
Surgery, n (%)
| 1(0.3) | 7(7.9) | < 0.001* |
Hospital stay(days)
| 11.5 ± 13.5 | 29.9 ± 46.0 | < 0.001* |
Mortality, n (%)
| 22(6.8) | 26(29.2) | < 0.001* |
Bleeding related/Other causes
| 5/17 | 14/12 |
Odds ratio | 95% CI. |
p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Hb (g/L) | 0.877 | 0.791-0.972 | 0.012 |
Creatinine
| 1.144 | 1.050-1.247 | 0.002 |
Rockall score
| 1.201 | 1.021-1.412 | 0.027 |
Characteristic | Non-high-dose Group (n = 104) | High-dose Group (n = 104) |
P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years)
| 65.6 ± 11.8 | 65.5 ± 13.9 | 0.258 |
Female gender, n (%)
| 24(23.1) | 39(37.5) | 0.024* |
Creatinine(mg/dl) | 2.4 ± 2.3 | 2.8 ± 2.9 | 0.010* |
Hb (g/L) | 88.9 ± 25.2 | 89.1 ± 27.6 | 0.386 |
Platelet(× 109/L) | 191.5 ± 88.8 | 198.9 ± 106.3 | 0.113 |
Use of NSAIDs, n (%)
| 9(8.7) | 11(10.6) | 0.638 |
Use of aspirin, n (%)
| 15(14.4) | 18(17.3) | 0.569 |
Use of clopidogrel, n (%)
| 11(10.6) | 13(12.5) | 0.664 |
Use of wafarin, n (%)
| 6(5.8) | 10(9.6) | 0.298 |
Shock at presentation
| 52(50.0) | 65(62.5) | 0.069 |
Coexisting illness, n (%)
| |||
CKDIII, IV/V
| 40/14 (38.5/13.5) | 40/15(38.5/14.4) | 0.978 |
COPD
| 7(6.7) | 6 (5.8) | 0.775 |
CAD
| 19(18.3) | 28(26.9) | 0.136 |
DM
| 34(32.7) | 39(37.5) | 0.468 |
CVA
| 21(20.2) | 23(22.1) | 0.734 |
Liver Cirrhosis
| 20(19.2) | 14(13.5) | 0.261 |
Rockall score
| 6.4 ± 1.4 | 6.4 ± 1.4 | 1.000 |
Time to endoscope (h)
| 16.4 ± 20.3 | 16.9 ± 19.8 | 0.482 |
PRBC BT(mL)
| 1252.4 ± 1272.1 | 2156.3 ± 2117.1 | 0.007 |
Ulcer size (cm)
| 1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 0.901 |
Multiple ulcers, n (%)
| 29(27.9) | 38(36.5) | 0.182 |
Forrest classification Ia/Ib/IIa/IIb/IIc/III
| 2/70/6/26/0/0 | 3/70/6/25/0/0 | 0.974 |
Re-bleeding, n (%)
| 14 (13.5) | 34 (32.7) | 0.001* |
Surgery, n (%)
| 2(1.9) | 1(1.0) | 0.561 |
Hospital stay (days)
| 13.9 ± 22.3 | 17.9 ± 15.3 | 0.641 |
Mortality, n (%)
| 10(9.6) | 16(15.4) | 0.403 |
Bleeding related/Other causes
| 4/6 | 8/8 |
Characteristics | Non-high-dose Group (n = 27) | High-dose Group (n = 27) |
p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years)
| 65.8 ± 3.8 | 62.4 ± 14.7 | 0.991 |
Female gender, n (%)
| 4(14.8) | 10(37.0) | 0.119 |
Creatinine(mg/dl) | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 1.5 | 0.100 |
Hb (g/L) | 95.4 ± 25.1 | 106.0 ± 29.9 | 0.340 |
Platelets (× 109/L) | 202.2 ± 81.1 | 246.5 ± 91.6 | 0.151 |
Use of NSAIDs, n (%)
| 3(11.1) | 5(18.5) | 0.704 |
Use of aspirin, n (%)
| 2(7.4) | 1(3.7) | 1.000 |
Use of clopidogrel, n (%)
| 1(3.7) | 2(7.4) | 1.000 |
Use of wafarin, n (%)
| 1(3.7) | 3(11.1) | 0.610 |
Shock at presentation
| 9(33.3) | 11(40.7) | 0.573 |
Coexisting illness, n (%)
| |||
CKD III, IV and V
| 7(25.9)/0 | 7(25.9)/0 | 1.000 |
COPD
| 1(3.7) | 0 | 1.000 |
CAD
| 2(7.4) | 2(7.4) | 1.000 |
DM
| 7(25.9) | 8(29.6) | 0.761 |
CVA
| 3(11.1) | 5(18.5) | 0.704 |
Liver Cirrhosis
| 1(3.7) | 1(3.7) | 1.000 |
Rockall score
| 4.5 ± 0.6 | 4.5 ± 0.6 | 1.000 |
Time to endoscopy (hours)
| 10.4 ± 11.3 | 10.6 ± 9.9 | 0.904 |
PRBC BT(mL)
| 907.4 ± 1109.7 | 1064.8 ± 1003.8 | 0.863 |
Ulcer size (cm)
| 1.1 ± 0.7 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 0.506 |
Multiple ulcers, n (%)
| 7(25.9) | 9(33.3) | 0.182 |
Forrest classification Ia/Ib/IIa/IIb
| 0/18/2/7 | 0/18/2/7 | 1.000 |
Re-bleeding, n (%)
| 3(11.1) | 3 (11.1) | 1.000 |
Surgery, n (%)
| 0 | 0 | 1.000 |
Hospital stay (days)
| 5.7 ± 5.6 | 11.7 ± 8.6 | 0.031* |
Mortality, n (%), bleeding related and other causes
| 0/0 | 0/1 (3.7) | 1.000 |