01.12.2017 | Research article | Ausgabe 1/2017 Open Access

Investigating young women’s motivations to engage in early mammography screening in Switzerland: results of a cross-sectional study
- Zeitschrift:
- BMC Cancer > Ausgabe 1/2017
Background
Methods
Participants
Survey development
Breast cancer (screening) knowledge
Breast cancer fear
Risk perception
Mammography screening involvement
Mammography intentions
Data analysis
Results
Sample
Participants (
N = 918)
|
Number
|
Percent
|
M
|
SD
|
Range
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age
|
–
|
–
|
39.37
|
5.88
|
30-49
|
Marital status
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
||
Married/stable relationship
|
586
|
63.8
|
|||
Single
|
199
|
21.7
|
|||
Divorced/separated/widowed
|
133
|
14.5
|
|||
Education
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
||
None
|
2
|
.02
|
|||
Middle school
|
76
|
8.3
|
|||
Professional or high school
|
569
|
62
|
|||
University of applied sciences
|
141
|
15.4
|
|||
University
|
130
|
14.1
|
|||
Occupation
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
||
(Self)employed
|
594
|
57.6
|
|||
Homemaker
|
233
|
25.4
|
|||
Unemployed
|
81
|
8.8
|
|||
Student
|
6
|
.7
|
|||
Pensioner
|
4
|
.4
|
|||
Swiss nationality
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
||
Yes
|
756
|
82.4
|
|||
No
|
162
|
17.6
|
|||
Swiss language region
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
||
Swiss-German
|
550
|
59.9
|
|||
Swiss-French
|
274
|
29.8
|
|||
Swiss-Italian
|
94
|
10.2
|
|||
Systematic screening program
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
||
Yes
|
479
|
52.2
|
|||
No
|
439
|
47.8
|
|||
Health status
|
–
|
–
|
3.74
|
.88
|
1-5
|
Genetic predisposition (e.g., BRCA1)
|
32
|
3.5
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Breast cancer diagnosis
|
26
|
2.8
|
|||
Past mammogram (
N = 860)
|
232
|
27
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
30-34
|
23
|
10.1
|
|||
35-39
|
48
|
22.1
|
|||
40-44
|
59
|
29.4
|
|||
45-49
|
102
|
47.7
|
Descriptive statistics
Relationships between knowledge, attitudes, risk perceptions, and intentions
Knowledge
|
Fear
|
Perceived risk
|
Perceived susceptibility
|
Ego-involvement
|
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Knowledge
|
–
|
||||
Fear
|
-.02
|
–
|
|||
Perceived risk
|
.01
|
.24
***
|
–
|
||
Perceived susceptibility
|
.04
|
.49
***
|
.54
***
|
–
|
|
Ego-involvement
|
.07
|
.32
***
|
.19
|
.30
***
|
–
|
Mammography intention
|
.02
|
.29
***
|
.19
|
.29
***
|
.45
***
|
Model variables
|
B
|
SE
|
β
|
t
|
p
|
R
|
R
2
|
Adj. R
2
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constant
|
-1.27
|
.45
|
–
|
-2.85
|
.008
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Covariates
|
||||||||
Age
|
.025
|
.01
|
.11
***
|
3.69
|
.001
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Education
|
.075
|
.05
|
.05
|
1.53
|
.174
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Region
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|||||
Swiss-Italian
|
1.12
|
.14
|
.26
***
|
8.14
|
.000
|
|||
Swiss-French
|
.43
|
.09
|
.15
***
|
4.65
|
.000
|
|||
Predictors
|
||||||||
Ego-involvement
|
.40
|
.04
|
.34
***
|
10.2
|
.000
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Knowledge
|
-.27
|
.39
|
-.02
|
-.71
|
.389
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Fear
|
.02
|
.01
|
.08
*
|
2.34
|
.013
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Susceptibility
|
.15
|
.06
|
.10
*
|
2.36
|
.015
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Risk
|
.00
|
.00
|
.03
|
.94
|
.388
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
Model
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
.56
|
.32
|
.31
|