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European Journal of Applied Physiology OnlineFirst articles

Open Access 28.03.2024 | Original Article

Durability of the moderate-to-heavy-intensity transition is related to the effects of prolonged exercise on severe-intensity performance

Performance outcomes in stochastic endurance events, such as road cycling, are often determined by the ability to produce high work outputs in the severe-intensity domain following multiple hours of exercise, primarily performed in the …

verfasst von:
Kate Hamilton, Andrew E. Kilding, Daniel J. Plews, Mathew J. Mildenhall, Mark Waldron, Thanchanok Charoensap, Tobias H. Cox, Matthew J. Brick, Warren B. Leigh, Ed Maunder

Open Access 28.03.2024 | Original Article

Effects of post-exercise cold-water immersion on performance and perceptive outcomes of competitive adolescent swimmers

There is increased demand in the competitive swimming field to explore aspects related to training biomechanics and physiology for performance enhancement (Crowley et al. 2017 ). Resistance training is commonly practiced before swimming training …

verfasst von:
Natanael P. Batista, Flávia A. de Carvalho, Caio R. D. Rodrigues, Jéssica K. Micheletti, Aryane F. Machado, Carlos M. Pastre

27.03.2024 | Original Article

Circulating catecholamines, endothelin-1, and nitric oxide releases do not explain the preserved FMD following acute resistance exercise in strength-trained men

Endothelial dysfunction is considered an important prognostic factor and precursor to the development of atherosclerosis (Green et al. 2011 ; Raitakari and Celermajer 2000 ) and is strongly associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Green …

verfasst von:
Takuma Morishima, Nobukazu Kasai

26.03.2024 | Original Article

Corticospinal and spinal responses following a single session of lower limb motor skill and resistance training

Prior studies suggest resistance exercise as a potential form of motor learning due to task-specific corticospinal responses observed in single sessions of motor skill and resistance training. While existing literature primarily focuses on upper …

verfasst von:
Alex Woodhead, Christopher Rainer, Jessica Hill, Colm P. Murphy, Jamie S. North, Dawson Kidgell, Jamie Tallent

25.03.2024 | Original Article

Haemoglobin mass responses and performance outcomes among high-performance swimmers following a 3-week live-high, train-high camp at 2320 m

High-performance endurance athletes have made greater use of terrestrial live-high, train-high (LHTH) altitude (ALT) camps in recent decades, aiming to use the hypoxic environment to enhance specific neuromuscular and physiological adaptations to …

verfasst von:
Daniel J. Astridge, Michael McKenna, Adrian Campbell, Anthony P. Turner

24.03.2024 | Original Article

The sub 2-h marathon is at hand: how Kelvin Kiptum can use drafting to improve his impressive world record

This research paper was originally submitted in November 2023, shortly after Kelvin Kiptum’s record breaking marathon. The original intent was to evaluate his performance from a drag perspective, ultimately showing that he could have finished the …

verfasst von:
G. D. Fernandes, Victor Maldonado

15.03.2024 | Original Article

Hemorrhage at high altitude: impact of sustained hypobaric hypoxia on cerebral blood flow, tissue oxygenation, and tolerance to simulated hemorrhage in humans

With ascent to high altitude (HA), compensatory increases in cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery must occur to preserve cerebral metabolism and consciousness. We hypothesized that this compensation in cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery …

verfasst von:
Alexander J. Rosenberg, Garen K. Anderson, Haley J. McKeefer, Jordan Bird, Brandon Pentz, Britta R. M. Byman, Nicholas Jendzjowsky, Richard J. Wilson, Trevor A. Day, Caroline A. Rickards

Open Access 14.03.2024 | Original Article

Power output at the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition decreases in a non-linear fashion during prolonged exercise

Exercise physiologists have typically profiled endurance performance capabilities using maximum oxygen uptake ( $$\dot{\text{V}}$$ V ˙ O 2 max), power output at the transitions between the moderate, heavy, and severe intensity domains, and movement …

verfasst von:
Gabriele Gallo, Emanuela Luisa Faelli, Piero Ruggeri, Luca Filipas, Roberto Codella, Daniel J. Plews, Ed Maunder

11.03.2024 | Invited Review

The athlete’s heart: allometric considerations on published papers and relation to cardiovascular variables

To evaluate the morphology of the “athlete’s heart”, left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (WT) and end-diastolic internal diameter (LVIDd) at rest were addressed in publications on skiers, rowers, swimmers, cyclists, runners, weightlifters …

verfasst von:
Casper Sejersen, Stefanos Volianitis, Niels H. Secher

11.03.2024 | Original Article

Effects of lunges inserted in walking (eccentric walking) on lower limb muscle strength, physical and cognitive function of regular walkers

Aged population is increasing rapidly such that one in six people worldwide will be aged 65 or older in 2050 (World Population Prospects 2019 ). An increased aged population could widen a gap between the life expectancy and health-adjusted life …

verfasst von:
Yoshihiro Katsura, Noriko Takeda, Takayuki Inami, Shota Yamaguchi, Sho Takahashi, Masatoshi Nakamura, Kazunori Nosaka

Open Access 08.03.2024 | Original Article

Glucose ingestion before and after resistance training sessions does not augment ribosome biogenesis in healthy moderately trained young adults

Responses to systematic resistance training (RT) vary widely between individuals, with as much as 10–15% showing impaired skeletal muscle growth in response to standardised training interventions (Thalacker-Mercer et al. 2013 ; Mann et al. 2014 ; …

verfasst von:
Kristian Lian, Daniel Hammarström, Håvard Hamarsland, Knut Sindre Mølmen, Sara Christine Moen, Stian Ellefsen

Open Access 07.03.2024 | Original Article

New Zealand blackcurrant extract modulates the heat shock response in men during exercise in hot ambient conditions

Exercise in hot environments confers direct (thermal) and indirect (splanchnic vasoconstriction) stress on the gastrointestinal mucosa (Rowell 1974 ), altering the phosphorylation status of tight junction proteins and allowing lipopolysaccharide …

verfasst von:
Nathan J. Conrad, Emerson P. Heckler, Ben J. Lee, Garrett W. Hill, Tessa R. Flood, Lucy E. V. Wheeler, Rianne Costello, Ella F. Walker, Trevor L. Gillum, Mark E. T. Willems, Matthew R. Kuennen

Open Access 06.03.2024 | Original Article

Hypoxia matters: comparison of external and internal training load markers during an 8-week resistance training program in normoxia, normobaric hypoxia and hypobaric hypoxia

Altitude training is widely used by coaches and athletes to complement normal training at sea level. Applied to strength, studies have shown how hypertrophy resistance training (R T ) under moderate hypoxic conditions promote the mechanisms related …

verfasst von:
Lara Rodríguez-Zamora, Cristina Benavente, Irene Petrer, Paulino Padial, Rafa Timón, Javier Arguelles, Belén Feriche

06.03.2024 | Original Article

GH and IGF-1 in skin interstitial fluid and blood are associated with heat loss responses in exercising young adults

Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in the brain, serving as a crucial regulator of growth and metabolism in various tissues throughout the body (Roth et al. 1963 ). Its multifaceted effects are …

verfasst von:
Gulinu Maimaituxun, Tatsuro Amano, Glen P. Kenny, Toby Mündel, Masanobu Kajiki, Kaname Tagawa, Akira Katagiri, Yoko Tanabe, Koichi Watanabe, Takeshi Nishiyasu, Narihiko Kondo, Naoto Fujii

Open Access 06.03.2024 | Original Article

Acute ingestion of Ibuprofen does not influence the release of IL-6 or improve self-paced exercise in the heat despite altering cortical activity

The present study tested the hypothesis that ingesting 800 mg Ibuprofen prior to self-paced cycling at a fixed rating of perceived exertion (RPE) improves performance by attenuating the release of Interleukin (IL)-6 and its signalling molecules …

verfasst von:
Nicole T. Vargas, Caroline V. Robertson, Frank E. Marino

Open Access 05.03.2024 | Original Article

The interaction of breath holding and muscle mechanoreflex on cardiovascular responses in breath-hold divers and non-breath-hold divers

Cardiovascular responses to diving are characterized by two opposing responses: tachycardia resulting from exercise and bradycardia resulting from the apnea. The convergence of bradycardia and tachycardia may determine the cardiovascular responses …

verfasst von:
Nakamura Nobuhiro, Peng Heng, Hayashi Naoyuki

Open Access 05.03.2024 | Original Article

Substrate utilization and durability during prolonged intermittent exercise in elite road cyclists

Decisive moments in road cycling races typically occur towards the final part of the race following prolonged fatiguing cycling. Consequently, the ability to generate high power output for short durations (e.g., breakaway or sprinting towards the …

verfasst von:
Niels Ørtenblad, Magnus Zachariassen, Joachim Nielsen, Kasper Degn Gejl

Open Access 05.03.2024 | Original Article

Cortical and spinal responses to short-term strength training and detraining in young and older adults in rectus femoris muscle

Aging is a complex process causing functional declines at both the cortical (Baudry et al. 2015 ; Clark and Taylor 2011 ) and spinal levels (Baudry et al. 2015 ; Geertsen et al. 2017 ; Hortobágyi et al. 2018 ; Kido et al. 2004 ). Neuronal atrophy …

verfasst von:
Gonzalo Gomez-Guerrero, Janne Avela, Ilkka Jussila, Esa Pihlajamäki, Fu-Yu Deng, Dawson J. Kidgell, Juha P. Ahtiainen, Simon Walker

05.03.2024 | Original Article

Effect of blood flow restriction and electrical muscle stimulation on human glycemic response to a glucose challenge

Skeletal muscle plays a primary role in postprandial glucose disposal and glycemic uptake during exercise (Katz et al. 1983 ; Baron et al. 1988 ). Upon glucose consumption, insulin stimulates GLUT4 translocation and, along with an increase in blood …

verfasst von:
Alexa A. Robertson, Christopher Pignanelli, Jamie F. Burr

05.03.2024 | Original Article

Sex differences in fatiguability during single-joint resistance exercise in a resistance-trained population

The primary aim of this study was to compare the fatiguability and acute recovery from a session of unilateral biceps curl exercise between habitually resistance-trained males and females. Twenty participants performed biceps curl one repetition …

verfasst von:
Caleb C. Voskuil, Monique D. Dudar, Joshua C. Carr