Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurological disorder and a leading source of disability [ 1 ]. Atypical Parkinson syndromes comprise multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration.
verfasst von:
Nils Schröter, Philipp G. Arnold, Jonas A Hosp, Marco Reisert, Michel Rijntjes, Elias Kellner, Wolfgang H. Jost, Cornelius Weiller, Horst Urbach, Alexander Rau
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) [ 1 ]. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role in diagnosing MS and in disease and treatment monitoring [ 2 ]. Besides cerebral …
verfasst von:
Sönke Peters, Fernando Bueno Neves, Monika Huhndorf, Friederike Gärtner, Klarissa Stürner, Olav Jansen, Mona Salehi Ravesh
Preterm births account for approximately 11% of all deliveries worldwide [ 1 ]. Prematurity is considered a risk factor for neurodevelopmental delay [ 2 , 3 ]. There is a relationship between gestational age (GA) at birth and neurologic outcome …
verfasst von:
Victor U. Schmidbauer, Mehmet S. Yildirim, Gregor O. Dovjak, Katharina Goeral, Julia Buchmayer, Michael Weber, Patric Kienast, Mariana C. Diogo, Florian Prayer, Marlene Stuempflen, Jakob Kittinger, Jakob Malik, Nikolaus M. Nowak, Katrin Klebermass-Schrehof, Renate Fuiko, Angelika Berger, Daniela Prayer, Gregor Kasprian, Vito Giordano
Research and clinical tools employing artificial intelligence (AI) for the purpose of providing and supporting decision making in healthcare have been growing exponentially for more than a decade now. The last 2 years alone, for example, have …
verfasst von:
Anthony J. Winder, Emma AM Stanley, Jens Fiehler, Nils D. Forkert
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure changes directly affect pressure, volume and configuration of the other intracranial compartments, i.e., brain tissue, ventricles, intracranial veins and arteries (Monro-Kellie doctrine) [ 1 ]. Disabling …
verfasst von:
Florian F. Schuchardt, Axel J. Krafft, Lidia Miguel Telega, Sebastian Küchlin, Wolf A. Lagrèze, Theo Demerath, Philipp Arnold, Christian Fung, Luisa M. Kraus, Anja Hennemuth, Jürgen Beck, Horst Urbach, Cornelius Weiller, Andreas Harloff
Cerebral air embolism, although uncommon as a cause of ischemic stroke, typically arises from iatrogenic or traumatic sources, affecting either the venous or arterial circulation [ 1 ]. Oxygen-ozone therapy (OOT) has gained widespread popularity as …
verfasst von:
Daniel S. Marín-Medina, Jimmy Hadid Anzueta, Adriana P. Ortega-Quintero, Jorge Carrizosa
Automatic brain tissue segmentation is considered an important tool for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative and myelinating diseases; it enables objective measurement of brain structure volumes and longitudinal patient status evaluation. While …
The optic nerve (cranial nerve II) in adults is composed of the axons of approximately 1.2 million retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that originate from the retina, coalesce at the optic disc, and synapse with the lateral geniculate nuclei within the …
verfasst von:
Michael L. Prairie, Mehmet Gencturk, Collin M. McClelland, Nicholas A. Marka, Ziou Jiang, Mark Folkertsma, Michael S. Lee
A Systematic Review and One-stage and Two-stage Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Purpose: In the treatment of intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS), controversies remain regarding the optimal treatment strategy. Our study aims to conduct an individual patient-level data meta-analysis of existing RCTs comparing PTAS versus best …
verfasst von:
Joshua Y. P. Yeo, Chun En Yau, Natasha Yixuan Ong, Yao Hao Teo, Anil Gopinathan, Cunli Yang, Mingxue Jing, Joanna J. W. Yang, Ching-Hui Sia, Benjamin Yong Qiang Tan, Leonard Leong Litt Yeo
Embolic strokes that cannot be clearly categorized to any established etiology are referred to as embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), which range from 9% to 25% of all ischemic patients [ 1 – 3 ]. Although ESUS may be caused by various …
verfasst von:
Y Yamamoto, Y Nagakane, E Tanaka, T Yamada, J Fujinami, T Ohara
Next to surgery and chemotherapy, radiation is part of standard treatment in patients with glioma [ 1 ]. Postradiation effects include radiation necrosis (RN) and pseudoprogression, manifesting as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1-postgadolinium …
verfasst von:
Jürgen Panholzer, Gertraud Malsiner-Walli, Bettina Grün, Ognian Kalev, Michael Sonnberger, Robert Pichler
Distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs), defined as M2–M4 segments of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA) segments and vertebrobasilar branches, are thought to represent 25–40% of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and can …
verfasst von:
Vivek Yedavalli, Manisha Koneru, Omar Hamam, Meisam Hoseinyazdi, Elisabeth Breese Marsh, Raf Llinas, Victor Urrutia, Richard Leigh, Fernando Gonzalez, Risheng Xu, Justin Caplan, Judy Huang, Hanzhang Lu, Max Wintermark, Jeremy Heit, Adrien Guenego, Greg Albers, Kambiz Nael, Argye Hillis
Previous updates of the World Health Organization (WHO) central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification demonstrated a clear shift from a purely histopathological classification towards a hybrid model in which histopathological features as well …
verfasst von:
A. Nikoghosyan, R. Sciot, S. A. Jacobs, B. F. J. Verhaaren
Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) accounts for up to 25% of all ischemic strokes [ 1 ]. Various potential thromboembolic sources, including cardiac valvular abnormalities, covert atrial fibrillation, paradoxical embolism or …
verfasst von:
Martha Marko, Nishita Singh, Johanna M. Ospel, Kazutaka Uchida, Mohammed A. Almekhlafi, Andrew M. Demchuk, Raul G. Nogueira, Ryan A. McTaggart, Alexandre Y. Poppe, Jeremy L. Rempel, Michael Tymianski, Michael D. Hill, Mayank Goyal, Bijoy K. Menon, the ESCAPE-NA1 Investigators
Scientific research constitutes the basis of modern healthcare. It is pivotal that research is performed in an honest way and that reliable and representative data are published, because failure to do so may compromise the scientific medical …
verfasst von:
Robert M. Kwee, Maan T. Almaghrabi, Thomas C. Kwee
Epilepsy affects 1–2% of people worldwide and a third of all individuals with focal epilepsy will fail to achieve seizure freedom despite treatment with two adequate and well-tolerated antiseizure medications (ASM) [ 1 , 2 ]. These individuals with …
verfasst von:
Christian M. Boßelmann, Josua Kegele, Leonie Zerweck, Uwe Klose, Silke Ethofer, Constantin Roder, Alexander M. Grimm, Till-Karsten Hauser
Head and neck paragangliomas (HNPs) are neoplasms that originate from parasympathetic nerve tissue and are characterized by high vascularity. These tumors are commonly found at the carotid bifurcation, with rare occurrences in vagal and …
verfasst von:
Andrea M. Alexandre, Luca Scarcia, Frédéric Clarençon, Arianna Camilli, Andrea Bartolo, Francesca Incandela, Dario Antonio Mele, Mario Rigante, Marco Natola, Iacopo Valente, Francesco D’Argento, Jacopo Galli, Yamume Tshomba, Alessandro Pedicelli
Cocaine is known to cause several neurological complications including ischemia, hemorrhage, vasculitis, and toxic leukoencephalopathy. The leukoencephalopathy is often suspected to be triggered by levamisole, an increasingly used diluent.
verfasst von:
Rafael Willems, Se-Jong You, Friederike Vollmer, Elke Hattingen, Stefan Weidauer
A Novel Method of an Aspiration First-pass Approach for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Mechanical thrombectomy using direct aspiration and/or stent retrievers has become the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusions, with complete reperfusion (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2c-3) at first …
verfasst von:
Kevin Soon Hwee Teo, Jiahui Li, Marc Ribo, Tommy Andersson, Joshua Yee Peng Yeo, Mingxue Jing, Benjamin Yong Qiang Tan, Cunli Yang, Leonard Leong Litt Yeo
An 8‑year-old girl, known with Noonan syndrome (NS) due to a de novo mutation in exon 7 of the RAF1 gene on chromosome 3, presented with episodes of headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated three T2/FLAIR-hyperintense …
verfasst von:
Arne Vermeulen, Felice D’Arco, Liesbeth De Groote, Laurens J. L. De Cocker
