Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Herz 5/2021

06.09.2021 | Amyloidose des Herzens | CME

Kardiale Amyloidose und Aortenklappenstenose

verfasst von: Dr. med. Sophiko Erbel-Khurtsidze, Rainer Seibel, Detlef Moka, Katja Brandt-Mainz, Raimund Erbel, Artur Lichtenberg

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 5/2021

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die Aortenklappenstenose im höheren Alter ist in den Blickpunkt der Kardiologie und Herzchirurgie gerückt, nachdem transvaskuläre und transluminale minimal-invasive Verfahren zur Klappenimplantation entwickelt worden waren. Die Beobachtung von Amyloidablagerungen in operativ entfernten Klappen führte zur Diagnostik der Amyloidose des Myokards, die bei bis zu 20 % der Patienten, die zur Klappenimplantation kommen, aufgedeckt wurde. Klinische Zeichen wie Karpaltunnelsyndrom oder Bizepssehnenruptur sind zu beachten. Eine wichtige diagnostische Rolle spielt neben EKG, Echokardiogramm und Magnetresonanztomographie die 99mTechnetium-Knochenszintigraphie. Das Zusammentreffen von Aortenklappenstenose und Amyloidose erklärt die besondere hämodynamische Situation eines niedrigen Gradienten, mit niedrigem Blutfluss bei hochgradiger Klappeneinengung. Die interventionelle oder chirurgische Klappenimplantation verbessert die Prognose dieser Patienten ähnlich wie bei reiner Aortenklappenstenose, gefolgt von einer spezifischen medikamentösen Therapie in Abhängigkeit vom Amyloidosetyp.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Yilmaz A, Bauersachs J, Bengel F et al (2021) Diagnosis and treatment of cardiac amyloidosis: position statement of the German cardiac society (DGK). Clin Res Cardiol 110(4):479–506PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Yilmaz A, Bauersachs J, Bengel F et al (2021) Diagnosis and treatment of cardiac amyloidosis: position statement of the German cardiac society (DGK). Clin Res Cardiol 110(4):479–506PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Merlini G, Bellotti V (2003) Molecular mechanisms of amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 349(6):583–596PubMedCrossRef Merlini G, Bellotti V (2003) Molecular mechanisms of amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 349(6):583–596PubMedCrossRef
4.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Nativi-Nicolau J, Maurer MS (2018) Amyloidosis cardiomyopathy: update in the diagnosis and treatment of the most common types. Curr Opin Cardiol 33(5):571–579PubMedCrossRef Nativi-Nicolau J, Maurer MS (2018) Amyloidosis cardiomyopathy: update in the diagnosis and treatment of the most common types. Curr Opin Cardiol 33(5):571–579PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat García-Pavía P, Tomé-Esteban MT, Rapezzi C (2011) Amiloidosis. También una enfermedad del corazón. Rev Esp Cardiol 64(9):797–808PubMedCrossRef García-Pavía P, Tomé-Esteban MT, Rapezzi C (2011) Amiloidosis. También una enfermedad del corazón. Rev Esp Cardiol 64(9):797–808PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Fotana M, Corovic A, Scully P, Moon JC (2019) Myocardial amyloidosis. The exemplar interstitial disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 12:2346–2356 Fotana M, Corovic A, Scully P, Moon JC (2019) Myocardial amyloidosis. The exemplar interstitial disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 12:2346–2356
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Christoph DC, Boese D, Johnson KT et al (2009) Heart failure and cardiac involvement as isolated manifestation of familial form of transthyretin amyloidosis resulting from Val30Met mutation with no clinical signs of polyneuropathy. Circ Heart Fail 2(5):512–515PubMedCrossRef Christoph DC, Boese D, Johnson KT et al (2009) Heart failure and cardiac involvement as isolated manifestation of familial form of transthyretin amyloidosis resulting from Val30Met mutation with no clinical signs of polyneuropathy. Circ Heart Fail 2(5):512–515PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Rapezzi C, Quarta CC, Obici L et al (2013) Disease profile and differential diagnosis of hereditary transthyretin-related amyloidosis with exclusively cardiac phenotype: an Italian perspective. Eur Heart J 34(7):520–528PubMedCrossRef Rapezzi C, Quarta CC, Obici L et al (2013) Disease profile and differential diagnosis of hereditary transthyretin-related amyloidosis with exclusively cardiac phenotype: an Italian perspective. Eur Heart J 34(7):520–528PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Ternacle J, Krapf L, Mohty D et al (2019) Aortic stenosis and cardiac amyloidosis: JACC review topic of the week. J Am Coll Cardiol 74(21):2638–2651PubMedCrossRef Ternacle J, Krapf L, Mohty D et al (2019) Aortic stenosis and cardiac amyloidosis: JACC review topic of the week. J Am Coll Cardiol 74(21):2638–2651PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonderman D, Pölzl G, Ablasser K et al (2020) Diagnosis and treatment of cardiac amyloidosis: an interdisciplinary consensus statement. Wien Klin Wochenschr 132(23–24):742–761PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Bonderman D, Pölzl G, Ablasser K et al (2020) Diagnosis and treatment of cardiac amyloidosis: an interdisciplinary consensus statement. Wien Klin Wochenschr 132(23–24):742–761PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Kristen AV, Schnabel PA, Winter B et al (2010) High prevalence of amyloid in 150 surgically removed heart valves—a comparison of histological and clinical data reveals a correlation to atheroinflammatory conditions. Cardiovasc Pathol 19(4):228–235PubMedCrossRef Kristen AV, Schnabel PA, Winter B et al (2010) High prevalence of amyloid in 150 surgically removed heart valves—a comparison of histological and clinical data reveals a correlation to atheroinflammatory conditions. Cardiovasc Pathol 19(4):228–235PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Treibel TA, Fontana M, Gilbertson JA et al (2016) Occult transthyretin cardiac amyloid in severe calcific aortic stenosis: prevalence and prognosis in patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 9(8):e5066PubMedCrossRef Treibel TA, Fontana M, Gilbertson JA et al (2016) Occult transthyretin cardiac amyloid in severe calcific aortic stenosis: prevalence and prognosis in patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 9(8):e5066PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Galat A, Guellich A, Bodez D et al (2016) Aortic stenosis and transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: the chicken or the egg? Eur Heart J 37(47):3525–3531PubMedCrossRef Galat A, Guellich A, Bodez D et al (2016) Aortic stenosis and transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: the chicken or the egg? Eur Heart J 37(47):3525–3531PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Longhi S, Lorenzini M, Gagliardi C et al (2016) Coexistence of degenerative aortic stenosis and wild-type transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 9(3):325–327PubMedCrossRef Longhi S, Lorenzini M, Gagliardi C et al (2016) Coexistence of degenerative aortic stenosis and wild-type transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 9(3):325–327PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Castaño A, Narotsky DL, Hamid N et al (2017) Unveiling transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis and its predictors among elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Eur Heart J 38(38):2879–2887PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Castaño A, Narotsky DL, Hamid N et al (2017) Unveiling transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis and its predictors among elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Eur Heart J 38(38):2879–2887PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Scully PR, Patel KP, Treibel TA et al (2020) Prevalence and outcome of dual aortic stenosis and cardiac amyloid pathology in patients referred for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Eur Heart J 41(29):2759–2767PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Scully PR, Patel KP, Treibel TA et al (2020) Prevalence and outcome of dual aortic stenosis and cardiac amyloid pathology in patients referred for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Eur Heart J 41(29):2759–2767PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Sperry BW, Reyes BA, Ikram A et al (2018) Tenosynovial and cardiac amyloidosis in patients undergoing carpal tunnel release. J Am Coll Cardiol 72(17):2040–2050PubMedCrossRef Sperry BW, Reyes BA, Ikram A et al (2018) Tenosynovial and cardiac amyloidosis in patients undergoing carpal tunnel release. J Am Coll Cardiol 72(17):2040–2050PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Geller HI, Singh A, Alexander KM, Mirto TM, Falk RH (2017) Association between ruptured distal biceps tendon and wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. JAMA 318(10):962–963PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Geller HI, Singh A, Alexander KM, Mirto TM, Falk RH (2017) Association between ruptured distal biceps tendon and wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. JAMA 318(10):962–963PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Westermark P, Westermark GT, Suhr OB, Berg S (2014) Transthyretin-derived amyloidosis: probably a common cause of lumbar spinal stenosis. Ups J Med Sci 119(3):223–228PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Westermark P, Westermark GT, Suhr OB, Berg S (2014) Transthyretin-derived amyloidosis: probably a common cause of lumbar spinal stenosis. Ups J Med Sci 119(3):223–228PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Dowd RS, Nail TJ, Arkun K et al (2019) Where neurosurgery meets heart failure: a case report of a patient with amyloid transthyretin wild type in the ligamentum flavum and cardiac tissue with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. World Neurosurg 131:104–107PubMedCrossRef Dowd RS, Nail TJ, Arkun K et al (2019) Where neurosurgery meets heart failure: a case report of a patient with amyloid transthyretin wild type in the ligamentum flavum and cardiac tissue with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. World Neurosurg 131:104–107PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Béquignon E, Guellich A, Bartier S et al (2017) How your ears can tell what is hidden in your heart: wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis as potential cause of sensorineural hearing loss in elderly-AmyloDEAFNESS pilot study. Amyloid 24(2):96–100PubMedCrossRef Béquignon E, Guellich A, Bartier S et al (2017) How your ears can tell what is hidden in your heart: wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis as potential cause of sensorineural hearing loss in elderly-AmyloDEAFNESS pilot study. Amyloid 24(2):96–100PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Nitsche C, Scully PR, Patel KP et al (2021) Prevalence and outcomes of concomitant aortic stenosis and cardiac amyloidosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 77(2):128–139PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Nitsche C, Scully PR, Patel KP et al (2021) Prevalence and outcomes of concomitant aortic stenosis and cardiac amyloidosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 77(2):128–139PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim DH, Verdino RJ (2017) Electrocardiogram voltage discordance: interpretation of low QRS voltage only in the precordial leads. J Electrocardiol 50(5):551–554PubMedCrossRef Kim DH, Verdino RJ (2017) Electrocardiogram voltage discordance: interpretation of low QRS voltage only in the precordial leads. J Electrocardiol 50(5):551–554PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Chinitz JS, Cooper JM, Verdino RJ (2008) Electrocardiogram voltage discordance: interpretation of low QRS voltage only in the limb leads. J Electrocardiol 41(4):281–286PubMedCrossRef Chinitz JS, Cooper JM, Verdino RJ (2008) Electrocardiogram voltage discordance: interpretation of low QRS voltage only in the limb leads. J Electrocardiol 41(4):281–286PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Blendea D, McPherson CA, Pop S, Ruskin JN (2019) Isolated very low QRS voltage in the frontal leads predicts recurrence of neurally mediated syncope. Heart Rhythm 16(12):1862–1869PubMedCrossRef Blendea D, McPherson CA, Pop S, Ruskin JN (2019) Isolated very low QRS voltage in the frontal leads predicts recurrence of neurally mediated syncope. Heart Rhythm 16(12):1862–1869PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Boldrini M, Cappelli F, Chacko L et al (2020) Multiparametric echocardiography scores for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 13(4):909–920PubMedCrossRef Boldrini M, Cappelli F, Chacko L et al (2020) Multiparametric echocardiography scores for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 13(4):909–920PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Erbel R (2020) Aortenstenose – welche diagnostischen Algorithmen und welche Therapie? Herz 45(7):703–714PubMedCrossRef Erbel R (2020) Aortenstenose – welche diagnostischen Algorithmen und welche Therapie? Herz 45(7):703–714PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonderman D, Agis H, Kain R, Mascherbauer J (2016) Amyloid in the heart: an under-recognized threat at the interface of cardiology, haematology, and pathology. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 17(9):978–980PubMedCrossRef Bonderman D, Agis H, Kain R, Mascherbauer J (2016) Amyloid in the heart: an under-recognized threat at the interface of cardiology, haematology, and pathology. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 17(9):978–980PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Martinez-Naharro A, Kotecha T, Norrington K et al (2019) Native T1 and extracellular volume in transthyretin amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 12(5):810–819PubMedCrossRef Martinez-Naharro A, Kotecha T, Norrington K et al (2019) Native T1 and extracellular volume in transthyretin amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 12(5):810–819PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Yilmaz A (2019) The “Native T1 versus extracellular volume fraction paradox” in cardiac amyloidosis: answer to the million-dollar question? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 12(5):820–822PubMedCrossRef Yilmaz A (2019) The “Native T1 versus extracellular volume fraction paradox” in cardiac amyloidosis: answer to the million-dollar question? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 12(5):820–822PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Dorbala S, Ando Y, Bokhari S et al (2019) ASNC/AHA/ASE/EANM/HFSA/ISA/SCMR/SNMMI expert consensus recommendations for multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: part 1 of 2‑evidence base and standardized methods of imaging. J Card Fail 25(11):e1–e39PubMedCrossRef Dorbala S, Ando Y, Bokhari S et al (2019) ASNC/AHA/ASE/EANM/HFSA/ISA/SCMR/SNMMI expert consensus recommendations for multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: part 1 of 2‑evidence base and standardized methods of imaging. J Card Fail 25(11):e1–e39PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Dorbala S, Ando Y, Bokhari S et al (2020) ASNC/AHA/ASE/EANM/HFSA/ISA/SCMR/SNMMI expert consensus recommendations for multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: Part 2 of 2—Diagnostic criteria and appropriate utilization. J Nucl Cardiol 27:659–673PubMedCrossRef Dorbala S, Ando Y, Bokhari S et al (2020) ASNC/AHA/ASE/EANM/HFSA/ISA/SCMR/SNMMI expert consensus recommendations for multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: Part 2 of 2—Diagnostic criteria and appropriate utilization. J Nucl Cardiol 27:659–673PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Perugini E, Guidalotti PL, Salvi F et al (2005) Noninvasive etiologic diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis using 99mTc‑3,3‑diphosphono‑1,2‑propanodicarboxylic acid scintigraphy. J Am Coll Cardiol 46(6):1076–1084PubMedCrossRef Perugini E, Guidalotti PL, Salvi F et al (2005) Noninvasive etiologic diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis using 99mTc‑3,3‑diphosphono‑1,2‑propanodicarboxylic acid scintigraphy. J Am Coll Cardiol 46(6):1076–1084PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Haq M, Pawar S, Berk JL, Miller EJ, Ruberg FL (2017) Can 99mTc-pyrophosphate aid in early detection of cardiac involvement in asymptomatic variant TTR amyloidosis? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 10(6):713–714PubMedCrossRef Haq M, Pawar S, Berk JL, Miller EJ, Ruberg FL (2017) Can 99mTc-pyrophosphate aid in early detection of cardiac involvement in asymptomatic variant TTR amyloidosis? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 10(6):713–714PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Grogan M, Scott CG, Kyle RA et al (2016) Natural history of wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis and risk stratification using a novel staging system. J Am Coll Cardiol 68(10):1014–1020PubMed Grogan M, Scott CG, Kyle RA et al (2016) Natural history of wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis and risk stratification using a novel staging system. J Am Coll Cardiol 68(10):1014–1020PubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Gillmore JD, Damy T, Fontana M et al (2018) A new staging system for cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis. Eur Heart J 39(30):2799–2806CrossRefPubMed Gillmore JD, Damy T, Fontana M et al (2018) A new staging system for cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis. Eur Heart J 39(30):2799–2806CrossRefPubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Binder C, Duca F, Binder T et al (2021) Prognostic implications of pericardial and pleural effusion in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. Clin Res Cardiol 110(4):532–543PubMedCrossRef Binder C, Duca F, Binder T et al (2021) Prognostic implications of pericardial and pleural effusion in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. Clin Res Cardiol 110(4):532–543PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Emdin M, Aimo A, Rapezzi C et al (2019) Treatment of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis: an update. Eur Heart J 40:3699–3706PubMedCrossRef Emdin M, Aimo A, Rapezzi C et al (2019) Treatment of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis: an update. Eur Heart J 40:3699–3706PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat IQWiG-Berichte (2020) Tafamidis (Wildtyp- oder hereditäre Transthyretin-Amyloidose mit Kardiomyopathie) – Bewertung gemäß § 35a Abs. 1 Satz 11 SGB V (Nr. 916) IQWiG-Berichte (2020) Tafamidis (Wildtyp- oder hereditäre Transthyretin-Amyloidose mit Kardiomyopathie) – Bewertung gemäß § 35a Abs. 1 Satz 11 SGB V (Nr. 916)
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Macedo AVS, Schwartzmann PV, de Gusmão BM, Melo MDT, Coelho-Filho OR (2020) Advances in the treatment of cardiac amyloidosis. Curr Treat Options Oncol 21(5):36PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Macedo AVS, Schwartzmann PV, de Gusmão BM, Melo MDT, Coelho-Filho OR (2020) Advances in the treatment of cardiac amyloidosis. Curr Treat Options Oncol 21(5):36PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Maurer MS, Schwartz JH, Gundapaneni B, ATTR-ACT Study Investigators, ATTR-ACT Study Investigators (2018) Tafamidis treatment for patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 379(11):1007–1016PubMedCrossRef Maurer MS, Schwartz JH, Gundapaneni B, ATTR-ACT Study Investigators, ATTR-ACT Study Investigators (2018) Tafamidis treatment for patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 379(11):1007–1016PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Sekijima Y, Ueda M, Koike H, Misawa S, Ishii T, Ando Y (2018) Diagnosis and management of transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy in Japan: red-flag symptom clusters and treatment algorithm. Orphanet J Rare Dis 13(1):6PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Sekijima Y, Ueda M, Koike H, Misawa S, Ishii T, Ando Y (2018) Diagnosis and management of transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy in Japan: red-flag symptom clusters and treatment algorithm. Orphanet J Rare Dis 13(1):6PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Cappelli F, Perfetto F, Martone R, Di Mario C (2021) Cardiac amyloidosis in patients undergoing TAVR: why we need to think about it. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 22:109–111PubMedCrossRef Cappelli F, Perfetto F, Martone R, Di Mario C (2021) Cardiac amyloidosis in patients undergoing TAVR: why we need to think about it. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 22:109–111PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Sousa M, Monohan G, Rajagopalan N, Grigorian A, Guglin M (2017) Heart transplantation in cardiac amyloidosis. Heart Fail Rev 22(3):317–327PubMedCrossRef Sousa M, Monohan G, Rajagopalan N, Grigorian A, Guglin M (2017) Heart transplantation in cardiac amyloidosis. Heart Fail Rev 22(3):317–327PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Theodorakakou F, Fotiou D, Dimopoulos MA, Kastritis E (2020) Solid organ transplantation in amyloidosis. Acta Haematol 143(4):352–364PubMedCrossRef Theodorakakou F, Fotiou D, Dimopoulos MA, Kastritis E (2020) Solid organ transplantation in amyloidosis. Acta Haematol 143(4):352–364PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Kardiale Amyloidose und Aortenklappenstenose
verfasst von
Dr. med. Sophiko Erbel-Khurtsidze
Rainer Seibel
Detlef Moka
Katja Brandt-Mainz
Raimund Erbel
Artur Lichtenberg
Publikationsdatum
06.09.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Herz / Ausgabe 5/2021
Print ISSN: 0340-9937
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-6692
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-021-05054-x

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2021

Herz 5/2021 Zur Ausgabe

Update Kardiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.