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Erschienen in: Der Kardiologe 6/2015

01.12.2015 | Kardiogener Schock | Übersichten

Mechanische Unterstützung im kardiogenen Schock

verfasst von: T. Graf, Prof. Dr. H. Thiele

Erschienen in: Die Kardiologie | Ausgabe 6/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Der kardiogene Schock ist mit einer Mortalität von bis zu 50 % weiterhin der schwerwiegendste prognoserelevante Faktor beim akuten Myokardinfarkt. In der Frühphase dieser Erkrankung vor und nach früher Revaskularisation spielt vor allem die hämodynamische Unterstützung der Patienten eine Rolle. Die Katecholamintherapie mit Inotropika und Vasopressoren, aber auch die Erwägung mechanischer Unterstützungssysteme wie intraaortaler Ballonpumpen (IABP), perkutaner linksventrikulärer Unterstützungssysteme und extrakorporaler Membranoxygenation (ECMO) sind hier wichtige Eckpunkte der Therapie. Die Anlage einer IABP ist aufgrund der aktuellen Datenlage nicht mehr generell zu empfehlen, aber die Datenlage zur Implantation perkutaner linksventrikulärer Assist-Devices (LVAD) bei Patienten im kardiogenen Schock ist sehr limitiert und bedarf weiterer Untersuchung. Ein Vergleich von perkutanen LVAD-Systemen mit einer medikamentösen Standardtherapie in großen randomisierten Studien ist bislang nicht erfolgt. Ein direkter Vergleich der verschiedenen mechanischen Unterstützungssysteme untereinander existiert ebenfalls nicht. Aus diesen Gründen gibt es in den deutschen und internationalen Leitlinien derzeit nur eine Empfehlung für Patienten im kardiogenen Schock, die refraktär gegenüber der medikamentösen Standardtherapie sind. Diese Übersicht soll die Möglichkeiten der mechanischen Kreislaufunterstützung im kardiogenen Schock beleuchten und die aktuelle (Leitlinien-)Empfehlungslage zur Anwendung der verschiedenen Systeme reflektieren.
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Metadaten
Titel
Mechanische Unterstützung im kardiogenen Schock
verfasst von
T. Graf
Prof. Dr. H. Thiele
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Kardiologie / Ausgabe 6/2015
Print ISSN: 2731-7129
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7137
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-015-0033-5

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