Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie 4/2019

11.11.2019 | Tachykarde Herzrhythmusstörungen | Schwerpunkt

Katheterablation bei supraventrikulären Tachykardien

verfasst von: Mathias Forkmann, Carolina Schwab, PD Dr. Sonia Busch

Erschienen in: Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie | Ausgabe 4/2019

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Supraventrikuläre Tachykardien (SVT) sind ein häufiger Befund, wobei die AV-Knoten-Reentry-Tachykardie (AVNRT) die häufigste paroxysmale supraventrikuläre Tachykardie darstellt. Das pathophysiologische Verständnis und die Katheterablation von SVT haben sich in den vergangenen Jahren ständig weiterentwickelt. Es wird beispielsweise eine Unterteilung der AVNRT nach typisch und atypisch in Abhängigkeit von HA-/VA-Intervall und AH/HA-Ratio empfohlen. Die Kryoablation konnte sich jedoch gegenüber der Radiofrequenzablation bei AVNRT aufgrund der erhöhten Rezidivrate nicht durchsetzen. In den aktuellen ESC-Leitlinien für SVT wurde die Ablation von akzessorischen Leitungsbahnen bei asymptomatischen Hochrisikopatienten aufgewertet und ist nun eine Klasse-I-Empfehlung. Hinsichtlich des Zugangswegs bei linksseitigen Bahnen gibt es keine Empfehlung, wobei der transseptale gegenüber dem transaortalen Zugangsweg in Bezug auf den akuten Erfolg vielversprechender zu sein scheint. Die Verwendung eines 3‑D-Mappingsystems führt zu einer Verkürzung der Durchleuchtungszeiten und Eingriffsdauer. Die Ablation von fokalen atrialen Tachykardien bleibt trotz Verwendung eines elektroanatomischen 3‑D-Mappingsystems eine Herausforderung. Neue Technologien wie High-density-multipoint(HD)-Mappingsysteme können hier jedoch hilfreich sein. HD-Mappingsysteme ermöglichen auch ein besseres Verständnis von links- und rechtsatrialen Makro-Reentry-Tachykardien sowohl nach vorangegangener Ablation oder kardiochirurgischen Eingriffen als auch bei primärer Natur. Jedoch sollten bei allen technologischen Fortschritten die Grundtechniken in der Elektrophysiologie, wie das Entrainment-Mapping, sicher beherrscht werden.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Anselmino M, Matta M, Saglietto A et al (2018) Transseptal or retrograde approach for transcatheter ablation of left sided accessory pathways: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 272:202–207CrossRef Anselmino M, Matta M, Saglietto A et al (2018) Transseptal or retrograde approach for transcatheter ablation of left sided accessory pathways: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 272:202–207CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Bogun F, Bender B, Li YG et al (2000) Ablation of atypical atrial flutter guided by the use of concealed entrainment in patients without prior cardiac surgery. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 11:136–145CrossRef Bogun F, Bender B, Li YG et al (2000) Ablation of atypical atrial flutter guided by the use of concealed entrainment in patients without prior cardiac surgery. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 11:136–145CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Bravo L, Atienza F, Eidelman G et al (2018) Safety and efficacy of cryoablation vs. radiofrequency ablation of septal accessory pathways: systematic review of the literature and meta-analyses. Europace 20:1334–1342CrossRef Bravo L, Atienza F, Eidelman G et al (2018) Safety and efficacy of cryoablation vs. radiofrequency ablation of septal accessory pathways: systematic review of the literature and meta-analyses. Europace 20:1334–1342CrossRef
4.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Busch S, Forkmann M, Kuck KH et al (2018) Acute and long-term outcome of focal atrial tachycardia ablation in the real world: results of the german ablation registry. Clin Res Cardiol 107:430–436CrossRef Busch S, Forkmann M, Kuck KH et al (2018) Acute and long-term outcome of focal atrial tachycardia ablation in the real world: results of the german ablation registry. Clin Res Cardiol 107:430–436CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Chan NY, Mok NS, Yuen HC et al (2019) Cryoablation with an 8‑mm tip catheter in the treatment of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: results from a randomized controlled trial (CRYOABLATE). Europace 21:662–669CrossRef Chan NY, Mok NS, Yuen HC et al (2019) Cryoablation with an 8‑mm tip catheter in the treatment of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: results from a randomized controlled trial (CRYOABLATE). Europace 21:662–669CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen SA, Chiang CE, Yang CJ et al (1994) Sustained atrial tachycardia in adult patients. Electrophysiological characteristics, pharmacological response, possible mechanisms, and effects of radiofrequency ablation. Circulation 90:1262–1278CrossRef Chen SA, Chiang CE, Yang CJ et al (1994) Sustained atrial tachycardia in adult patients. Electrophysiological characteristics, pharmacological response, possible mechanisms, and effects of radiofrequency ablation. Circulation 90:1262–1278CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Chugh A, Oral H, Lemola K et al (2005) Prevalence, mechanisms, and clinical significance of macroreentrant atrial tachycardia during and following left atrial ablation for atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2:464–471CrossRef Chugh A, Oral H, Lemola K et al (2005) Prevalence, mechanisms, and clinical significance of macroreentrant atrial tachycardia during and following left atrial ablation for atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2:464–471CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Deisenhofer I, Zrenner B, Yin YH et al (2010) Cryoablation versus radiofrequency energy for the ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (the CYRANO Study): results from a large multicenter prospective randomized trial. Circulation 122:2239–2245CrossRef Deisenhofer I, Zrenner B, Yin YH et al (2010) Cryoablation versus radiofrequency energy for the ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (the CYRANO Study): results from a large multicenter prospective randomized trial. Circulation 122:2239–2245CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Dengke Z, Lan L, Xiangli S et al (2019) Treatment of left accessory cardiac pathway conduction disorders using radiofrequency catheter ablation under the guidance of the Ensite NavX 3D mapping system: a retrospective study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 35:387–392CrossRef Dengke Z, Lan L, Xiangli S et al (2019) Treatment of left accessory cardiac pathway conduction disorders using radiofrequency catheter ablation under the guidance of the Ensite NavX 3D mapping system: a retrospective study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 35:387–392CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Frontera A, Takigawa M, Martin R et al (2018) Electrogram signature of specific activation patterns: analysis of atrial tachycardias at high-density endocardial mapping. Heart Rhythm 15:28–37CrossRef Frontera A, Takigawa M, Martin R et al (2018) Electrogram signature of specific activation patterns: analysis of atrial tachycardias at high-density endocardial mapping. Heart Rhythm 15:28–37CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Hanninen M, Yeung-Lai-Wah N, Massel D et al (2013) Cryoablation versus RF ablation for AVNRT: a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 24:1354–1360CrossRef Hanninen M, Yeung-Lai-Wah N, Massel D et al (2013) Cryoablation versus RF ablation for AVNRT: a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 24:1354–1360CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Holmqvist F, Kesek M, Englund A et al (2019) A decade of catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias in Sweden: ablation practices and outcomes. Eur Heart J 40:820–830CrossRef Holmqvist F, Kesek M, Englund A et al (2019) A decade of catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias in Sweden: ablation practices and outcomes. Eur Heart J 40:820–830CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Hosseini SM, Rozen G, Saleh A et al (2017) Catheter ablation for cardiac arrhythmias: utilization and in-hospital complications, 2000 to 2013. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 3:1240–1248CrossRef Hosseini SM, Rozen G, Saleh A et al (2017) Catheter ablation for cardiac arrhythmias: utilization and in-hospital complications, 2000 to 2013. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 3:1240–1248CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Insulander P, Bastani H, Braunschweig F et al (2017) Cryoablation of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: 7‑year follow-up in 515 patients-confirmed safety but very late recurrences occur. Europace 19:1038–1042PubMed Insulander P, Bastani H, Braunschweig F et al (2017) Cryoablation of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: 7‑year follow-up in 515 patients-confirmed safety but very late recurrences occur. Europace 19:1038–1042PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Katritsis DG, Josephson ME (2013) Classification of electrophysiological types of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: a reappraisal. Europace 15:1231–1240CrossRef Katritsis DG, Josephson ME (2013) Classification of electrophysiological types of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: a reappraisal. Europace 15:1231–1240CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Katritsis DG, Marine JE, Contreras FM et al (2016) Catheter ablation of atypical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Circulation 134:1655–1663CrossRef Katritsis DG, Marine JE, Contreras FM et al (2016) Catheter ablation of atypical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. Circulation 134:1655–1663CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Katritsis DG, Sepahpour A, Marine JE et al (2015) Atypical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia: prevalence, electrophysiologic characteristics, and tachycardia circuit. Europace 17:1099–1106CrossRef Katritsis DG, Sepahpour A, Marine JE et al (2015) Atypical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia: prevalence, electrophysiologic characteristics, and tachycardia circuit. Europace 17:1099–1106CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Katritsis DG, Zografos T, Siontis KC et al (2019) Endpoints for successful slow pathway catheter ablation in typical and atypical atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: a contemporary, multicenter study. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 5:113–119CrossRef Katritsis DG, Zografos T, Siontis KC et al (2019) Endpoints for successful slow pathway catheter ablation in typical and atypical atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: a contemporary, multicenter study. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 5:113–119CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Kistler PM, Roberts-Thomson KC, Haqqani HM et al (2006) P‑wave morphology in focal atrial tachycardia: development of an algorithm to predict the anatomic site of origin. J Am Coll Cardiol 48:1010–1017CrossRef Kistler PM, Roberts-Thomson KC, Haqqani HM et al (2006) P‑wave morphology in focal atrial tachycardia: development of an algorithm to predict the anatomic site of origin. J Am Coll Cardiol 48:1010–1017CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Long DY, Dong JZ, Liu XP et al (2011) Ablation of right-sided accessory pathways with atrial insertion far from the tricuspid annulus using an electroanatomical mapping system. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 22:499–505CrossRef Long DY, Dong JZ, Liu XP et al (2011) Ablation of right-sided accessory pathways with atrial insertion far from the tricuspid annulus using an electroanatomical mapping system. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 22:499–505CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Marazzato J, Fonte G, Marazzi R et al (2019) Efficacy and safety of cryoablation of para-Hisian and mid-septal accessory pathways using a specific protocol: single-center experience in consecutive patients. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 55(1):47–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-018-0498-9 CrossRef Marazzato J, Fonte G, Marazzi R et al (2019) Efficacy and safety of cryoablation of para-Hisian and mid-septal accessory pathways using a specific protocol: single-center experience in consecutive patients. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 55(1):47–54. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s10840-018-0498-9 CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Markowitz SM, Brodman RF, Stein KM et al (2002) Lesional tachycardias related to mitral valve surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol 39:1973–1983CrossRef Markowitz SM, Brodman RF, Stein KM et al (2002) Lesional tachycardias related to mitral valve surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol 39:1973–1983CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Morris GM, Segan L, Wong G et al (2019) Atrial tachycardia arising from the Crista terminalis, detailed electrophysiological features and long-term ablation outcomes. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 5:448–458CrossRef Morris GM, Segan L, Wong G et al (2019) Atrial tachycardia arising from the Crista terminalis, detailed electrophysiological features and long-term ablation outcomes. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 5:448–458CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Orejarena LA, Vidaillet H Jr., Destefano F et al (1998) Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in the general population. J Am Coll Cardiol 31:150–157CrossRef Orejarena LA, Vidaillet H Jr., Destefano F et al (1998) Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in the general population. J Am Coll Cardiol 31:150–157CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Page RL, Joglar JA, Caldwell MA et al (2016) 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Management of Adult Patients With Supraventricular Tachycardia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 67:e27–e115CrossRef Page RL, Joglar JA, Caldwell MA et al (2016) 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Management of Adult Patients With Supraventricular Tachycardia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 67:e27–e115CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Pathik B, Lee G, Nalliah C et al (2017) Entrainment and high-density three-dimensional mapping in right atrial macroreentry provide critical complementary information: Entrainment may unmask “visual reentry” as passive. Heart Rhythm 14:1541–1549CrossRef Pathik B, Lee G, Nalliah C et al (2017) Entrainment and high-density three-dimensional mapping in right atrial macroreentry provide critical complementary information: Entrainment may unmask “visual reentry” as passive. Heart Rhythm 14:1541–1549CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Pathik B, Lee G, Sacher F et al (2017) New insights into an old arrhythmia: high-resolution mapping demonstrates conduction and substrate variability in right atrial macro-re-entrant tachycardia. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 3:971–986CrossRef Pathik B, Lee G, Sacher F et al (2017) New insights into an old arrhythmia: high-resolution mapping demonstrates conduction and substrate variability in right atrial macro-re-entrant tachycardia. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 3:971–986CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Porter MJ, Morton JB, Denman R et al (2004) Influence of age and gender on the mechanism of supraventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm 1:393–396CrossRef Porter MJ, Morton JB, Denman R et al (2004) Influence of age and gender on the mechanism of supraventricular tachycardia. Heart Rhythm 1:393–396CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Sacher F, Wright M, Tedrow UB et al (2010) Wolff-Parkinson-White ablation after a prior failure: a 7-year multicentre experience. Europace 12:835–841CrossRef Sacher F, Wright M, Tedrow UB et al (2010) Wolff-Parkinson-White ablation after a prior failure: a 7-year multicentre experience. Europace 12:835–841CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Schaeffer B, Akbulak RO, Jularic M et al (2019) High-density mapping and ablation of primary Nonfocal left atrial tachycardia: characterizing a distinct arrhythmogenic substrate. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 5:417–426CrossRef Schaeffer B, Akbulak RO, Jularic M et al (2019) High-density mapping and ablation of primary Nonfocal left atrial tachycardia: characterizing a distinct arrhythmogenic substrate. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 5:417–426CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Stavrakis S, Jackman WM, Lockwood D et al (2018) Slow/fast atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia using the inferolateral left atrial slow pathway. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 11:e6631CrossRef Stavrakis S, Jackman WM, Lockwood D et al (2018) Slow/fast atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia using the inferolateral left atrial slow pathway. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 11:e6631CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Wellens HJ (2003) 25 years of insights into the mechanisms of supraventricular arrhythmias. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 26:1916–1922CrossRef Wellens HJ (2003) 25 years of insights into the mechanisms of supraventricular arrhythmias. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 26:1916–1922CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Xue Y, Liu Y, Liao H et al (2018) Evaluation of electrophysiological mechanisms of post-surgical atrial tachycardias using an automated ultra-high-density mapping system. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 4:1460–1470CrossRef Xue Y, Liu Y, Liao H et al (2018) Evaluation of electrophysiological mechanisms of post-surgical atrial tachycardias using an automated ultra-high-density mapping system. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 4:1460–1470CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang J, Yang G, Chen H et al (2019) An alternative under-valve approach to ablate right-sided accessory pathways. Heart Rhythm 16:51–56CrossRef Yang J, Yang G, Chen H et al (2019) An alternative under-valve approach to ablate right-sided accessory pathways. Heart Rhythm 16:51–56CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang JD, Sun Q, Guo XG et al (2017) Focal atrial tachycardias from the parahisian region: Strategies for mapping and catheter ablation. Heart Rhythm 14:1344–1350CrossRef Yang JD, Sun Q, Guo XG et al (2017) Focal atrial tachycardias from the parahisian region: Strategies for mapping and catheter ablation. Heart Rhythm 14:1344–1350CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Katheterablation bei supraventrikulären Tachykardien
verfasst von
Mathias Forkmann
Carolina Schwab
PD Dr. Sonia Busch
Publikationsdatum
11.11.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie / Ausgabe 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0938-7412
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1544
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00399-019-00654-x

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2019

Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie 4/2019 Zur Ausgabe

Update Kardiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.