Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 11/2009

01.11.2009 | Kindliche Adipositas | Konsensuspapiere

Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Evidenzbasierte Therapieleitlinie der AGA (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter)

verfasst von: M. Wabitsch, A. Moß

Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde | Ausgabe 11/2009

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter nimmt weltweit zu. Eine Konsensusleitlinie (S2) zu ihrer Therapie in Deutschland wurde erstmals 2000 von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter (AGA) veröffentlicht. Diese wird sukzessive durch eine evidenzbasierte S3-Leitlinie ersetzt. Auf Basis einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurden 21 Empfehlungen überwiegend im „starken Konsens“ (Zustimmung >95%) konsentiert und verabschiedet. Körpergewicht und Körperfettmasse sind mit verhaltenstherapeutischen sowie medikamentösen Maßnahmen signifikant beeinflussbar, die damit erreichbare Gewichtsreduktion ist jedoch eher gering. Mit chirurgischen Maßnahmen (nicht geprüfte, experimentelle Therapie) kann das Körpergewicht sehr erfolgreich reduziert werden. Neben der Langfassung der evidenzbasierten Leitlinie existiert eine Kurzfassung; eine Praxisleitlinie ist geplant. Die Weiterentwicklung der Leitlinie soll im Rahmen des BMBF(Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung)-Kompetenznetzes Adipositas durchgeführt werden. Die Leitlinie wird in den Fachzeitschriften der beteiligten Fachgesellschaften veröffentlicht, ist im Internet verfügbar und soll über weitere Publikationsorgane, auf Kongressen und über Informationen an Einrichtungen verbreitet werden.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Alexy U, Reinher T, Sichert-Hellert W et al (2006) Positive changes of dietary habits after outpatient training program for overweight children. Nutr Res 26:202–208 CrossRef Alexy U, Reinher T, Sichert-Hellert W et al (2006) Positive changes of dietary habits after outpatient training program for overweight children. Nutr Res 26:202–208 CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Andersen RE, Wadden TA, Bartlett SJ et al (1999) Effects of lifestyle activity vs structured aerobic exercise in obese women: a randomized trial. JAMA 281(4):335–340CrossRefPubMed Andersen RE, Wadden TA, Bartlett SJ et al (1999) Effects of lifestyle activity vs structured aerobic exercise in obese women: a randomized trial. JAMA 281(4):335–340CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Apovian CM, Baker C, Ludwig DS et al (2005) Best practice guidelines in pediatric/adolescent weight loss surgery. Obes Res 13(2):274–282CrossRefPubMed Apovian CM, Baker C, Ludwig DS et al (2005) Best practice guidelines in pediatric/adolescent weight loss surgery. Obes Res 13(2):274–282CrossRefPubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat August GP, Caprio S, Fennoy I et al (2008) Prevention and treatment of pediatric obesity: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline based on expert opinion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(12):4576–4599CrossRefPubMed August GP, Caprio S, Fennoy I et al (2008) Prevention and treatment of pediatric obesity: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline based on expert opinion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(12):4576–4599CrossRefPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Barlow SE, and the Expert Committee (2007) Expert committee recommendations regarding the prevention, assessment, and treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity: summary report. Pediatrics [Suppl 4] 120:S164,92 Barlow SE, and the Expert Committee (2007) Expert committee recommendations regarding the prevention, assessment, and treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity: summary report. Pediatrics [Suppl 4] 120:S164,92
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Beets MW, Vogel R, Forlaw L et al (2006) Social support and youth physical activity: the role of provider and type. Am J Health Behav 30(3):278–289PubMed Beets MW, Vogel R, Forlaw L et al (2006) Social support and youth physical activity: the role of provider and type. Am J Health Behav 30(3):278–289PubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Blomquist B, Börjeson M, Larsson Y et al (1965) The effect of physical activity on the body measurements and work capacity of overweight boys. Acta Paediatr Scand 54(6):566–572CrossRefPubMed Blomquist B, Börjeson M, Larsson Y et al (1965) The effect of physical activity on the body measurements and work capacity of overweight boys. Acta Paediatr Scand 54(6):566–572CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Brownell KD, Kelman JH, Stunkard AJ (1983) Treatment of obese children with and without their mothers: changes in weight and blood pressure. Pediatrics 71(4):515–523PubMed Brownell KD, Kelman JH, Stunkard AJ (1983) Treatment of obese children with and without their mothers: changes in weight and blood pressure. Pediatrics 71(4):515–523PubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Burniat W, Cole T, Lissau I, Poskitt E (Hrsg) (2002) Child and adolescent obesity. Causes and consequences, prevention and management. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Burniat W, Cole T, Lissau I, Poskitt E (Hrsg) (2002) Child and adolescent obesity. Causes and consequences, prevention and management. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Caroli M, Burniat W (2002) Dietary management. In: Burniat W, Cole T, Lissau I, Poskitt E (Hrsg) Child and adolescent obesity. Causes and consequences, prevention and management. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, S 282–306 Caroli M, Burniat W (2002) Dietary management. In: Burniat W, Cole T, Lissau I, Poskitt E (Hrsg) Child and adolescent obesity. Causes and consequences, prevention and management. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, S 282–306
11.
Zurück zum Zitat CDC (2007) Center for Disease control, Atlanta, www.cdc.gov CDC (2007) Center for Disease control, Atlanta, www.cdc.gov
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Cousins JH, Rubovits DS, Dunn JK et al (1992) Family versus individually oriented intervention for weight loss in Mexican American women. Public Health Rep 107(5):549–555PubMed Cousins JH, Rubovits DS, Dunn JK et al (1992) Family versus individually oriented intervention for weight loss in Mexican American women. Public Health Rep 107(5):549–555PubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Wing RR, Steranchak L et al (1980) Comparison of family-based behavior modification and nutrition education for childhood obesity. J Pediatr Psychol 5(1):25–36CrossRefPubMed Epstein LH, Wing RR, Steranchak L et al (1980) Comparison of family-based behavior modification and nutrition education for childhood obesity. J Pediatr Psychol 5(1):25–36CrossRefPubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Wing RR, Koeske R et al (1981) Child and parent weight loss in family-based behavior modification programs. J Consult Clin Psychol 49(5):674-685CrossRefPubMed Epstein LH, Wing RR, Koeske R et al (1981) Child and parent weight loss in family-based behavior modification programs. J Consult Clin Psychol 49(5):674-685CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Wing RR, Koeske R et al (1982) A comparison of lifestyle change and programmed aerobic exercise on weight and fitness changes in obese children. Behav Ther 13: 851–665CrossRef Epstein LH, Wing RR, Koeske R et al (1982) A comparison of lifestyle change and programmed aerobic exercise on weight and fitness changes in obese children. Behav Ther 13: 851–665CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Wing RR, Penner BC, Kress MJ (1985) Effect of diet and controlled exercise on weight loss in obese children. J Pediatr 107(3):358–361 CrossRefPubMed Epstein LH, Wing RR, Penner BC, Kress MJ (1985) Effect of diet and controlled exercise on weight loss in obese children. J Pediatr 107(3):358–361 CrossRefPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Wing RR, Valoski A (1985) Childhood obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am 32(2):363–379 PubMed Epstein LH, Wing RR, Valoski A (1985) Childhood obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am 32(2):363–379 PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Valoski A, Wing RR, McCurley J (1990) Ten-year follow-up of behavioral, family-based treatment for obese children. JAMA 264(19):2519–2523CrossRefPubMed Epstein LH, Valoski A, Wing RR, McCurley J (1990) Ten-year follow-up of behavioral, family-based treatment for obese children. JAMA 264(19):2519–2523CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Valoski A, McCurley J (1993) Effect of weight loss by obese children on long-term growth. Am J Dis Child 147(10):1076–1780PubMed Epstein LH, Valoski A, McCurley J (1993) Effect of weight loss by obese children on long-term growth. Am J Dis Child 147(10):1076–1780PubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Mckenzie SJ, Valoski A et al (1994) Effects of mastery criteria and contingent reinforcement for family-based child weight control. Addict Behav 19(2):135–145CrossRefPubMed Epstein LH, Mckenzie SJ, Valoski A et al (1994) Effects of mastery criteria and contingent reinforcement for family-based child weight control. Addict Behav 19(2):135–145CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Paluch RA, Raynor HA (2001) Sex differences in obese children and siblings in family-based obesity treatment. Obes Res 9(12):746–753CrossRefPubMed Epstein LH, Paluch RA, Raynor HA (2001) Sex differences in obese children and siblings in family-based obesity treatment. Obes Res 9(12):746–753CrossRefPubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Gordy CC, Raynor HA et al (2001) Increasing fruit and vegetable intake and decreasing fat and sugar intake in families at risk for childhood obesity. Obes Res 9(3):171–178CrossRefPubMed Epstein LH, Gordy CC, Raynor HA et al (2001) Increasing fruit and vegetable intake and decreasing fat and sugar intake in families at risk for childhood obesity. Obes Res 9(3):171–178CrossRefPubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Epstein LH, Paluch RA, Kilanowski CK, Raynor HA (2004) The effect of reinforcement or stimulus control to reduce sedentary behavior in the treatment of pediatric obesity. Health Psychol 23(4):371–360CrossRefPubMed Epstein LH, Paluch RA, Kilanowski CK, Raynor HA (2004) The effect of reinforcement or stimulus control to reduce sedentary behavior in the treatment of pediatric obesity. Health Psychol 23(4):371–360CrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Field AE, Austin SB, Taylor CB et al (2003) Relation between dieting and weight change among preadolescents and adolescents. Pediatrics 112(4):900–906CrossRefPubMed Field AE, Austin SB, Taylor CB et al (2003) Relation between dieting and weight change among preadolescents and adolescents. Pediatrics 112(4):900–906CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Figueroa-Colon R, Almen TK von, Franklin FA et al (1993) Comparison of two hypocaloric diets in obese children. Am J Dis Child 147:160–166PubMed Figueroa-Colon R, Almen TK von, Franklin FA et al (1993) Comparison of two hypocaloric diets in obese children. Am J Dis Child 147:160–166PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Figueroa-Colon R, Franklin FA, Lee JY et al (1996) Feasibility of a clinic-based hypocaloric dietary intervention implemented in a school setting for obese children. Obes Res 4:419–429PubMed Figueroa-Colon R, Franklin FA, Lee JY et al (1996) Feasibility of a clinic-based hypocaloric dietary intervention implemented in a school setting for obese children. Obes Res 4:419–429PubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Flodmark CE, Ohlsson T, Rydén O, Sveger T (1993) Prevention of progression to severe obesity in a group of obese schoolchildren treated with family therapy. Pediatrics 91(5):880–884PubMed Flodmark CE, Ohlsson T, Rydén O, Sveger T (1993) Prevention of progression to severe obesity in a group of obese schoolchildren treated with family therapy. Pediatrics 91(5):880–884PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Flores R (1995) Dance for health: improving fitness in African American and Hispanic adolescents. Public Health Rep 110(2):189–193PubMed Flores R (1995) Dance for health: improving fitness in African American and Hispanic adolescents. Public Health Rep 110(2):189–193PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Fried M, Hainer V, Basdevant A et al (2007) Interdisciplinary European guidelines for surgery for severe (morbid) obesity. Obes Surg 17(2):260–270CrossRefPubMed Fried M, Hainer V, Basdevant A et al (2007) Interdisciplinary European guidelines for surgery for severe (morbid) obesity. Obes Surg 17(2):260–270CrossRefPubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Gidding SS, Dennison BA, Birch LL et al (2006) Dietary recommendations for children and adolescents: a guide for practitioners. Pediatrics 117(2):544–559CrossRefPubMed Gidding SS, Dennison BA, Birch LL et al (2006) Dietary recommendations for children and adolescents: a guide for practitioners. Pediatrics 117(2):544–559CrossRefPubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Golan M, Fainaru M, Weizman A (1998) Role of behaviour modification in the treatment of childhood obesity with the parents as the exclusive agents of change. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 22(12):1217–1224 CrossRefPubMed Golan M, Fainaru M, Weizman A (1998) Role of behaviour modification in the treatment of childhood obesity with the parents as the exclusive agents of change. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 22(12):1217–1224 CrossRefPubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Golan M, Weizman A, Apter A, Fainaru M (1998) Parents as the exclusive agents of change in the treatment of childhood obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 67(6):1130–1135PubMed Golan M, Weizman A, Apter A, Fainaru M (1998) Parents as the exclusive agents of change in the treatment of childhood obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 67(6):1130–1135PubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Hauner H, Hamann A, Husemann B et al (2007) Evidenzbasierte Leitlinie zur Prävention und Therapie der Adipositas. Deutsche Adipositas-Gesellschaft, Deutsche Diabetes-Gesellschaft, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung Hauner H, Hamann A, Husemann B et al (2007) Evidenzbasierte Leitlinie zur Prävention und Therapie der Adipositas. Deutsche Adipositas-Gesellschaft, Deutsche Diabetes-Gesellschaft, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Hills AP, Parker AW (1988) Obesity management via diet and exercise intervention. Child Care Health Dev 14:409–416CrossRefPubMed Hills AP, Parker AW (1988) Obesity management via diet and exercise intervention. Child Care Health Dev 14:409–416CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Inge TH, Garcia V, Daniels S et al (2004) A multidisciplinary approach to the adolescent bariatric surgical patient. J Pediatr Surg 39(3):442–447CrossRefPubMed Inge TH, Garcia V, Daniels S et al (2004) A multidisciplinary approach to the adolescent bariatric surgical patient. J Pediatr Surg 39(3):442–447CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Israel AC, Shapiro LS (1985) Behavior problems of obese children enrolling in a weight reduction program. J Pediatr Psychol 10:449–460CrossRefPubMed Israel AC, Shapiro LS (1985) Behavior problems of obese children enrolling in a weight reduction program. J Pediatr Psychol 10:449–460CrossRefPubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Jeffery RW, Drewnowski A, Epstein LH et al (2000) Long-term maintenance of weight loss: current status. Health Psychol [Suppl 1] 19:5–16 Jeffery RW, Drewnowski A, Epstein LH et al (2000) Long-term maintenance of weight loss: current status. Health Psychol [Suppl 1] 19:5–16
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang JX, Xia XL, Greiner T et al (2005) A two year family based behaviour treatment for obese children. Arch Dis Child 90(12):1235–1238CrossRefPubMed Jiang JX, Xia XL, Greiner T et al (2005) A two year family based behaviour treatment for obese children. Arch Dis Child 90(12):1235–1238CrossRefPubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Kamath CC, Vickers KS, Ehrlich A et al (2008) Clinical review: behavioral interventions to prevent childhood obesity: a systematic review and metaanalyses of randomized trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(12):4606–4615CrossRefPubMed Kamath CC, Vickers KS, Ehrlich A et al (2008) Clinical review: behavioral interventions to prevent childhood obesity: a systematic review and metaanalyses of randomized trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(12):4606–4615CrossRefPubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Kirschenbaum DS, Germann JN, Rich BH (2005) Treatment of morbid obesity in low-income adolescents: effects of parental self-monitoring. Obes Res 13(9):1527–1529CrossRefPubMed Kirschenbaum DS, Germann JN, Rich BH (2005) Treatment of morbid obesity in low-income adolescents: effects of parental self-monitoring. Obes Res 13(9):1527–1529CrossRefPubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Korsten-Reck U, Kromeyer-Hauschild K, Wolfarth B et al (2005) Freiburg Intervention Trial for Obese Children (FITOC): results of a clinical observation study. Int J Obes (Lond) 29(4):356–361 Korsten-Reck U, Kromeyer-Hauschild K, Wolfarth B et al (2005) Freiburg Intervention Trial for Obese Children (FITOC): results of a clinical observation study. Int J Obes (Lond) 29(4):356–361
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Korsten-Reck U, Kaspar T, Korsten K (2007) Motor abilities and aerobic fitness of obese children. Int J Sports Med 28(9):762–767 CrossRefPubMed Korsten-Reck U, Kaspar T, Korsten K (2007) Motor abilities and aerobic fitness of obese children. Int J Sports Med 28(9):762–767 CrossRefPubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Kunze D, Wabitsch M (2006) Leitlinie zur Prävention und Therapie von Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter. AGA, Datteln Kunze D, Wabitsch M (2006) Leitlinie zur Prävention und Therapie von Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter. AGA, Datteln
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Lobstein T, Baur L, Uauy R; IASO International Obesity Task Force (2004) Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health. Obes Rev [Suppl 1] 5:4–104 Lobstein T, Baur L, Uauy R; IASO International Obesity Task Force (2004) Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health. Obes Rev [Suppl 1] 5:4–104
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Malik VS, Schulze MB, Hu FB (2006) Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 84(2):274–288PubMed Malik VS, Schulze MB, Hu FB (2006) Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 84(2):274–288PubMed
46.
Zurück zum Zitat McGovern L, Johnson JN, Paulo R et al (2008) Treatment of pediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(12):4600–4605CrossRefPubMed McGovern L, Johnson JN, Paulo R et al (2008) Treatment of pediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(12):4600–4605CrossRefPubMed
47.
Zurück zum Zitat McLean N, Griffin S, Toney K, Hardeman W (2003) Family involvement in weight control, weight maintenance and weight-loss interventions: a systematic review of randomised trials. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27(9):987–1005CrossRefPubMed McLean N, Griffin S, Toney K, Hardeman W (2003) Family involvement in weight control, weight maintenance and weight-loss interventions: a systematic review of randomised trials. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27(9):987–1005CrossRefPubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Mellin LM, Slinkard LA, Irwin CE (1987) Adolescent obesity intervention: validation of the SHAPEDOWN program. J Am Diet Assoc 87:333–338PubMed Mellin LM, Slinkard LA, Irwin CE (1987) Adolescent obesity intervention: validation of the SHAPEDOWN program. J Am Diet Assoc 87:333–338PubMed
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Nuutinen O (1991) Long-term effects of dietary counselling on nutrient intake and weight loss in obese children. Eur J Clin Nutr 45(6):287–297PubMed Nuutinen O (1991) Long-term effects of dietary counselling on nutrient intake and weight loss in obese children. Eur J Clin Nutr 45(6):287–297PubMed
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Oude Luttikhuis H, Baur L, Jansen H et al (2009) Interventions for treating obesity in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1:CD001872. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001872.pub2 Oude Luttikhuis H, Baur L, Jansen H et al (2009) Interventions for treating obesity in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1:CD001872. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001872.pub2
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Parízková J, Maffeis C, Poskitt EM (2002) Management through activity. In: Burniat W, Cole T, Lissau I, Poskitt E (Hrsg) Child and adolescent obesity. Causes and consequences, prevention and management. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, S 307–326 Parízková J, Maffeis C, Poskitt EM (2002) Management through activity. In: Burniat W, Cole T, Lissau I, Poskitt E (Hrsg) Child and adolescent obesity. Causes and consequences, prevention and management. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, S 307–326
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Robinson TN, Killen JD, Kraemer HC et al (2003) Dance and reducing television viewing to prevent weight gain in African-American girls: the Stanford GEMS pilot study. Ethn Dis [Suppl 1] 13:S65–S77 Robinson TN, Killen JD, Kraemer HC et al (2003) Dance and reducing television viewing to prevent weight gain in African-American girls: the Stanford GEMS pilot study. Ethn Dis [Suppl 1] 13:S65–S77
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Schwingshandl J, Sudi K, Eibl B et al (1999) Effect of an individualised training programme during weight reduction on body composition: a randomised trial. Arch Dis Child 81(5):426–428CrossRefPubMed Schwingshandl J, Sudi K, Eibl B et al (1999) Effect of an individualised training programme during weight reduction on body composition: a randomised trial. Arch Dis Child 81(5):426–428CrossRefPubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Spear BA, Barlow SE, Ervin C et al (2007) Recommendations for treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity. Pediatrics 121(5):1077–1078 Spear BA, Barlow SE, Ervin C et al (2007) Recommendations for treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity. Pediatrics 121(5):1077–1078
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Westenhöfer J (2001) The therapeutic challenge: behavioral changes for long-term weight maintenance. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord [Suppl 1] 25:S85–S88 Westenhöfer J (2001) The therapeutic challenge: behavioral changes for long-term weight maintenance. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord [Suppl 1] 25:S85–S88
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Widhalm K, Eisenkölbl J (2003) Behandlungsergebnisse OPTIFAST-Junior. Aktuelle Ernahrungsmed 28:151–156CrossRef Widhalm K, Eisenkölbl J (2003) Behandlungsergebnisse OPTIFAST-Junior. Aktuelle Ernahrungsmed 28:151–156CrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Yin TJ, Wu FL, Liu YL, Yu S (2005) Effects of a weight-loss program for obese children: a „mix of attributes“ approach. J Nurs Res 13(1):21–30PubMed Yin TJ, Wu FL, Liu YL, Yu S (2005) Effects of a weight-loss program for obese children: a „mix of attributes“ approach. J Nurs Res 13(1):21–30PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Evidenzbasierte Therapieleitlinie der AGA (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter)
verfasst von
M. Wabitsch
A. Moß
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2009
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde / Ausgabe 11/2009
Print ISSN: 0026-9298
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0474
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-009-2046-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 11/2009

Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 11/2009 Zur Ausgabe

Einführung zum Thema

Zerebralparesen

Update Pädiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.