Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Breast Cancer 2/2020

26.08.2019 | Original Article

kOBCS©: a novel software calculator program of the Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale (OBCS)

verfasst von: Tamer Soror, Valentina Lancellotta, György Kovács, Vito Lanzotti, Luca Tagliaferri, Calogero Casà, Cynthia Aristei, Francesco Barberini, Mohamed Mahmoud, Harun Badakhshi

Erschienen in: Breast Cancer | Ausgabe 2/2020

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

The Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale (OBCS) is an objective method that documents the aesthetic changes in breast cancer patients. This work evaluates the kOBCS© software (http://​www.​kobcs.​info) which simplifies the estimation of the OBCS values.

Methods

Five schematic drawings were photographed and imported into the kOBCS©. Thirty photos of breast cancer patients were imported into kOBCS©; 20 users (experts and non-experts) evaluated the photographs on two different settings. Subjective evaluation was performed using the Harvard breast cosmesis scale.

Results

There was a highly significant correlation between the OBCS values based on hand measurements and the values estimated by kOBCS© (r = 0.997, P < 0.001). Agreement among the users using the kOBCS© was strong with high statistical significance (ICC = 0.846, P < 0.001, 95% CI 0.774–0.910, Cronbach’s alpha = 0.991). Results of the subjective analyses and mean OBCS values as estimated by kOBCS© correlated significantly (r = 0.961, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The kOBCS© is a reliable and reproducible easy-to-use software for reporting breast cosmesis following breast-conserving therapy.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J, Margolese RG, Deutsch M, Fisher ER, et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(16):1233–41.CrossRef Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J, Margolese RG, Deutsch M, Fisher ER, et al. Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(16):1233–41.CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Litière S, Werutsky G, Fentiman IS, Rutgers E, Christiaens M-R, Van Limbergen E, et al. Breast conserving therapy versus mastectomy for stage I–II breast cancer: 20 year follow-up of the EORTC 10801 phase 3 randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13(4):412–9.CrossRef Litière S, Werutsky G, Fentiman IS, Rutgers E, Christiaens M-R, Van Limbergen E, et al. Breast conserving therapy versus mastectomy for stage I–II breast cancer: 20 year follow-up of the EORTC 10801 phase 3 randomised trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13(4):412–9.CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Darby S, McGale P, Correa C, Taylor C, Arriagada R, Clarke M, et al. Effect of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery on 10-year recurrence and 15-year breast cancer death: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 10,801 women in 17 randomised trials. Lancet. 2011;378(9804):1707–16.CrossRef Darby S, McGale P, Correa C, Taylor C, Arriagada R, Clarke M, et al. Effect of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery on 10-year recurrence and 15-year breast cancer death: meta-analysis of individual patient data for 10,801 women in 17 randomised trials. Lancet. 2011;378(9804):1707–16.CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Vrieling C, Collette L, Fourquet A, Hoogenraad WJ, Horiot JH, Jager JJ, et al. The influence of patient, tumor and treatment factors on the cosmetic results after breast-conserving therapy in the EORTC “boost vs. no boost” trial. EORTC Radiotherapy and Breast Cancer Cooperative Groups. Radiother Oncol. 2000;55(3):219–32.CrossRef Vrieling C, Collette L, Fourquet A, Hoogenraad WJ, Horiot JH, Jager JJ, et al. The influence of patient, tumor and treatment factors on the cosmetic results after breast-conserving therapy in the EORTC “boost vs. no boost” trial. EORTC Radiotherapy and Breast Cancer Cooperative Groups. Radiother Oncol. 2000;55(3):219–32.CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Cochrane RA, Valasiadou P, Wilson ARM, Al-Ghazal SK, Macmillan RD. Cosmesis and satisfaction after breast-conserving surgery correlates with the percentage of breast volume excised. Br J Surg. 2003;90(12):1505–9.CrossRef Cochrane RA, Valasiadou P, Wilson ARM, Al-Ghazal SK, Macmillan RD. Cosmesis and satisfaction after breast-conserving surgery correlates with the percentage of breast volume excised. Br J Surg. 2003;90(12):1505–9.CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Triedman SA, Osteen R, Harris JR. Factors influencing cosmetic outcome of conservative surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer. Surg Clin N Am. 1990;70(4):901–16.CrossRef Triedman SA, Osteen R, Harris JR. Factors influencing cosmetic outcome of conservative surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer. Surg Clin N Am. 1990;70(4):901–16.CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Vrieling C, Collette L, Bartelink E, Borger JH, Brenninkmeyer SJ, Horiot JC, et al. Validation of the methods of cosmetic assessment after breast-conserving therapy in the EORTC “boost versus no boost” trial. EORTC Radiotherapy and Breast Cancer Cooperative Groups. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;45(3):667–76.CrossRef Vrieling C, Collette L, Bartelink E, Borger JH, Brenninkmeyer SJ, Horiot JC, et al. Validation of the methods of cosmetic assessment after breast-conserving therapy in the EORTC “boost versus no boost” trial. EORTC Radiotherapy and Breast Cancer Cooperative Groups. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;45(3):667–76.CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Cardoso MJ, Oliveira H, Cardoso J. Assessing cosmetic results after breast conserving surgery. J Surg Oncol. 2014;110(1):37–44.CrossRef Cardoso MJ, Oliveira H, Cardoso J. Assessing cosmetic results after breast conserving surgery. J Surg Oncol. 2014;110(1):37–44.CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Harris JR, Levene MB, Svensson G, Hellman S. Analysis of cosmetic results following primary radiation therapy for stages I and II carcinoma of the breast. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1979;5(2):257–61.CrossRef Harris JR, Levene MB, Svensson G, Hellman S. Analysis of cosmetic results following primary radiation therapy for stages I and II carcinoma of the breast. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1979;5(2):257–61.CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Beadle GF, Come S, Henderson IC, Silver B, Hellman S, Harris JR. The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the cosmetic results after primary radiation treatment for early stage breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1984;10(11):2131–7.CrossRef Beadle GF, Come S, Henderson IC, Silver B, Hellman S, Harris JR. The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the cosmetic results after primary radiation treatment for early stage breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1984;10(11):2131–7.CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaija H, Rauni S, Jorma I, Matti H. Consistency of patient- and doctor-assessed cosmetic outcome after conservative treatment of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1997;45(3):225–8.CrossRef Kaija H, Rauni S, Jorma I, Matti H. Consistency of patient- and doctor-assessed cosmetic outcome after conservative treatment of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1997;45(3):225–8.CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Limbergen E, van der Schueren E, Van Tongelen K. Cosmetic evaluation of breast conserving treatment for mammary cancer. 1. Proposal of a quantitative scoring system. Radiother Oncol. 1989;16(3):159–67.CrossRef Van Limbergen E, van der Schueren E, Van Tongelen K. Cosmetic evaluation of breast conserving treatment for mammary cancer. 1. Proposal of a quantitative scoring system. Radiother Oncol. 1989;16(3):159–67.CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Soror T, Kovács G, Seibold N, Melchert C, Baumann K, Wenzel E, et al. Cosmetic changes following surgery and accelerated partial breast irradiation using HDR interstitial brachytherapy. Strahlentherapie Onkol. 2017;193(5):367–74.CrossRef Soror T, Kovács G, Seibold N, Melchert C, Baumann K, Wenzel E, et al. Cosmetic changes following surgery and accelerated partial breast irradiation using HDR interstitial brachytherapy. Strahlentherapie Onkol. 2017;193(5):367–74.CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Racz JM, Hong NL, Latosinsky S. In search of a gold standard scoring system for the subjective evaluation of cosmetic outcomes following breast-conserving therapy. Breast J. 2015;21(4):345–51.CrossRef Racz JM, Hong NL, Latosinsky S. In search of a gold standard scoring system for the subjective evaluation of cosmetic outcomes following breast-conserving therapy. Breast J. 2015;21(4):345–51.CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen Z, Ning R. Why should breast tumour detection go three dimensional? Phys Med Biol. 2003;48(14):2217–28.CrossRef Chen Z, Ning R. Why should breast tumour detection go three dimensional? Phys Med Biol. 2003;48(14):2217–28.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Hussain Z, Roberts N, Whitehouse GH, García-Fiñana M, Percy D. Estimation of breast volume and its variation during the menstrual cycle using MRI and stereology. Br J Radiol. 1999;72(855):236–45.CrossRef Hussain Z, Roberts N, Whitehouse GH, García-Fiñana M, Percy D. Estimation of breast volume and its variation during the menstrual cycle using MRI and stereology. Br J Radiol. 1999;72(855):236–45.CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Moyer HR, Carlson GW, Styblo TM, Losken A. Three-dimensional digital evaluation of breast symmetry after breast conservation therapy. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;207(2):227–32.CrossRef Moyer HR, Carlson GW, Styblo TM, Losken A. Three-dimensional digital evaluation of breast symmetry after breast conservation therapy. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;207(2):227–32.CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Kovacs L, Yassouridis A, Zimmermann A, Brockmann G, Wöhnl A, Blaschke M, et al. Optimization of 3-dimensional imaging of the breast region with 3-dimensional laser scanners. Ann Plast Surg. 2006;56(3):229–36.CrossRef Kovacs L, Yassouridis A, Zimmermann A, Brockmann G, Wöhnl A, Blaschke M, et al. Optimization of 3-dimensional imaging of the breast region with 3-dimensional laser scanners. Ann Plast Surg. 2006;56(3):229–36.CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Fitzal F, Krois W, Trischler H, Wutzel L, Riedl O, Kühbelböck U, et al. The use of a breast symmetry index for objective evaluation of breast cosmesis. Breast. 2007;16(4):429–35.CrossRef Fitzal F, Krois W, Trischler H, Wutzel L, Riedl O, Kühbelböck U, et al. The use of a breast symmetry index for objective evaluation of breast cosmesis. Breast. 2007;16(4):429–35.CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Pezner RD, Patterson MP, Hill LR, Vora N, Desai KR, Archambeau JO, et al. Breast retraction assessment: an objective evaluation of cosmetic results of patients treated conservatively for breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1985;11(3):575–8.CrossRef Pezner RD, Patterson MP, Hill LR, Vora N, Desai KR, Archambeau JO, et al. Breast retraction assessment: an objective evaluation of cosmetic results of patients treated conservatively for breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1985;11(3):575–8.CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Cardoso JS, Cardoso MJ. Towards an intelligent medical system for the aesthetic evaluation of breast cancer conservative treatment. Artif Intell Med. 2007;40(2):115–26.CrossRef Cardoso JS, Cardoso MJ. Towards an intelligent medical system for the aesthetic evaluation of breast cancer conservative treatment. Artif Intell Med. 2007;40(2):115–26.CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Soror T, Kovács G, Kovács Á, Seibold N, Melchert C, Baumann K, et al. New objective method in reporting the breast cosmesis after breast-conservative treatment based on nonstandardized photographs: the Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale. Brachytherapy. 2016;15(5):631–6.CrossRef Soror T, Kovács G, Kovács Á, Seibold N, Melchert C, Baumann K, et al. New objective method in reporting the breast cosmesis after breast-conservative treatment based on nonstandardized photographs: the Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale. Brachytherapy. 2016;15(5):631–6.CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Lancellotta V, Seipelt L, Hannoun-Levi JM, Tagliaferri L, Chand ME, Perrucci E, et al. Multi-institutional evaluation of the reproducibility and the accuracy of the Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale. Brachytherapy. 2018;17(6):944–8.CrossRef Lancellotta V, Seipelt L, Hannoun-Levi JM, Tagliaferri L, Chand ME, Perrucci E, et al. Multi-institutional evaluation of the reproducibility and the accuracy of the Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale. Brachytherapy. 2018;17(6):944–8.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
kOBCS©: a novel software calculator program of the Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale (OBCS)
verfasst von
Tamer Soror
Valentina Lancellotta
György Kovács
Vito Lanzotti
Luca Tagliaferri
Calogero Casà
Cynthia Aristei
Francesco Barberini
Mohamed Mahmoud
Harun Badakhshi
Publikationsdatum
26.08.2019
Verlag
Springer Japan
Erschienen in
Breast Cancer / Ausgabe 2/2020
Print ISSN: 1340-6868
Elektronische ISSN: 1880-4233
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-019-01006-w

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2020

Breast Cancer 2/2020 Zur Ausgabe

Update Onkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.