Skip to main content
Erschienen in: ästhetische dermatologie & kosmetologie 4/2016

18.08.2016 | gastbeitrag

Angst vor Missgestaltung

Körperdysmorphe Störung

verfasst von: Tanja Gieler, Dr. Elmar Brähler

Erschienen in: ästhetische dermatologie & kosmetologie | Ausgabe 4/2016

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die körperdysmorphe Störung (KDS), im englischen Sprachgebrauch als „body dysmorphic disorder“ (BDD) bezeichnete Störung, ist eine ernst zu nehmende Erkrankung, die immer noch zu selten diagnostiziert wird und zu starkem seelischem Leiden und sozialer und beruflicher Beeinträchtigung führt.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Albertini RS, Phillips KA (1999) Thirty-three cases of body dysmorphic disorder in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 38:453–459CrossRefPubMed Albertini RS, Phillips KA (1999) Thirty-three cases of body dysmorphic disorder in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 38:453–459CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4. Aufl. American Psychiatric Association, Washington (DC) (Text Revision) American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4. Aufl. American Psychiatric Association, Washington (DC) (Text Revision)
3.
Zurück zum Zitat American Psychiatric Association (2013) Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. In: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5. Aufl. American Psychiatric Association, Arlington American Psychiatric Association (2013) Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. In: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5. Aufl. American Psychiatric Association, Arlington
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Anzieu D (1992) Das Haut-Ich. Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt a. M. Anzieu D (1992) Das Haut-Ich. Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt a. M.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Brähler E, Hoefert H-W (Hrsg) (2014) Lexikon der Modernen Krankheiten. Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Berlin Brähler E, Hoefert H-W (Hrsg) (2014) Lexikon der Modernen Krankheiten. Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Berlin
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Buhlmann U, Teachman BA, Naumann E, Fehlinger T, Rief W (2009) The meaning of beauty: implicit and explicit self-esteem and attractiveness beliefs in body dysmorphic disorder. J Anxiety Disord 23:694–702CrossRefPubMed Buhlmann U, Teachman BA, Naumann E, Fehlinger T, Rief W (2009) The meaning of beauty: implicit and explicit self-esteem and attractiveness beliefs in body dysmorphic disorder. J Anxiety Disord 23:694–702CrossRefPubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Buhlmann U, Glaesmer H, Mewes R, Fama JM, Wilhelm S, Brähler E, Rief W (2010) Updates on the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder: a population-based survey. Psychiatry Res 178:171–175CrossRefPubMed Buhlmann U, Glaesmer H, Mewes R, Fama JM, Wilhelm S, Brähler E, Rief W (2010) Updates on the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder: a population-based survey. Psychiatry Res 178:171–175CrossRefPubMed
8.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Calogero RM, Park LE, Rahemtulla ZK, Williams KC (2010) Prediciting excessive body image concerns among British university students: the unique role of appearance-based rejection sensitivity. Body Image 7:78–81CrossRefPubMed Calogero RM, Park LE, Rahemtulla ZK, Williams KC (2010) Prediciting excessive body image concerns among British university students: the unique role of appearance-based rejection sensitivity. Body Image 7:78–81CrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Cromarty P, Marks I (1995) Does rational role-play enhance the outcome of exposure therapy in dysmorphophobia? A case study. Br J Psychiatry 167:399–402CrossRef Cromarty P, Marks I (1995) Does rational role-play enhance the outcome of exposure therapy in dysmorphophobia? A case study. Br J Psychiatry 167:399–402CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Deckersbach T, Savage CR, Phillips KA, Wilhelm S, Buhlmann U, Rauch SL, Baer L, Jenike MA (2000) Characteristics of memory dysfunction in body dysmorphic disorder. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 6:673–681CrossRefPubMed Deckersbach T, Savage CR, Phillips KA, Wilhelm S, Buhlmann U, Rauch SL, Baer L, Jenike MA (2000) Characteristics of memory dysfunction in body dysmorphic disorder. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 6:673–681CrossRefPubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Didie ER, Kuniega-Pietrzak T, Phillips KA (2010) Body image patients with body dysmorphic dysorder: evaluations of and investment in appearance, health/illness, and fitness. Body Image 7:66–69CrossRefPubMed Didie ER, Kuniega-Pietrzak T, Phillips KA (2010) Body image patients with body dysmorphic dysorder: evaluations of and investment in appearance, health/illness, and fitness. Body Image 7:66–69CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Fang A, Matheny NL, Wilhelm S (2014) Body dysmorphic disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am 37:287–300CrossRefPubMed Fang A, Matheny NL, Wilhelm S (2014) Body dysmorphic disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am 37:287–300CrossRefPubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Feusner JD, Townsend J, Bystritsky A, Bookheimer S (2007) Visual information processing of faces in body dysmorphic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64:1417–1425CrossRefPubMed Feusner JD, Townsend J, Bystritsky A, Bookheimer S (2007) Visual information processing of faces in body dysmorphic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64:1417–1425CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Fischer K (1996) Körpererfahrung und Identität als Grundbegriffe der Psychomotorik. Motorik 19:102–105 (Schorndorf) Fischer K (1996) Körpererfahrung und Identität als Grundbegriffe der Psychomotorik. Motorik 19:102–105 (Schorndorf)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Foster AC, Shorter GW, Griffiths MD (2015) Muscle dysmorphia: could it be classified as an addiction to body image? J Behav Addict 4:1–5CrossRefPubMed Foster AC, Shorter GW, Griffiths MD (2015) Muscle dysmorphia: could it be classified as an addiction to body image? J Behav Addict 4:1–5CrossRefPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Gieler U (2003) Psychodynamische Diagnostik und Therapie der körperdysmorphen Störung. In: Stirn A, Decker O, Brähler E (Hrsg) Körperkunst und Körpermodifikation, Bd 26. Psychosozial, Gießen, S 55-64 Gieler U (2003) Psychodynamische Diagnostik und Therapie der körperdysmorphen Störung. In: Stirn A, Decker O, Brähler E (Hrsg) Körperkunst und Körpermodifikation, Bd 26. Psychosozial, Gießen, S 55-64
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Gieler T, Schmutzer G, Braehler E, Schut C, Peters EM, Kupfer J (2015) Shadows of the beauty — prevalence of body dysmorphic concerns in Germany is increasing. Data from two representative samples from 2002 and 2013. Acta Dermatovenereologica submitted Gieler T, Schmutzer G, Braehler E, Schut C, Peters EM, Kupfer J (2015) Shadows of the beauty — prevalence of body dysmorphic concerns in Germany is increasing. Data from two representative samples from 2002 and 2013. Acta Dermatovenereologica submitted
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Handrack M (2015) Psychodynamische Psychotherapie der Körperdysmorphen Störung. Dissertation Univ., Giessen Handrack M (2015) Psychodynamische Psychotherapie der Körperdysmorphen Störung. Dissertation Univ., Giessen
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Harth W, Gieler U (2005) Psychosomatische dermatologie. Springer Verlag, Berlin Harth W, Gieler U (2005) Psychosomatische dermatologie. Springer Verlag, Berlin
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Horowitz K, Gorfinkle K, Lewis O, Phillips KA (2002) Body dysmorphic disorder in an adolescent girl. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 41:1503–1509CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Horowitz K, Gorfinkle K, Lewis O, Phillips KA (2002) Body dysmorphic disorder in an adolescent girl. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 41:1503–1509CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Husain Z, Janninger EJ, Krysicka JA, Micali G, Schwartz RA (2014) Body dysmorphic disorder: beyond skin-deep. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 149:447–452PubMed Husain Z, Janninger EJ, Krysicka JA, Micali G, Schwartz RA (2014) Body dysmorphic disorder: beyond skin-deep. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 149:447–452PubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Kistler L (2007) Irgendwann macht es halt bum. Spiegel online 20.1.2007 Kistler L (2007) Irgendwann macht es halt bum. Spiegel online 20.1.2007
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Krebs G, Turner C, Heyman I, Mataix-Cols D (2012) Cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder: a case series. Behav Cogn Psychother 40:452–461CrossRefPubMed Krebs G, Turner C, Heyman I, Mataix-Cols D (2012) Cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder: a case series. Behav Cogn Psychother 40:452–461CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Küchenhoff J (1984) Dysmorphophobie. Nervenarzt 55:122–126PubMed Küchenhoff J (1984) Dysmorphophobie. Nervenarzt 55:122–126PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Marks I, Mishan J (1988) Dysmorphophobic avoidance with disturbed bodily perception. A pilot study of exposure therapy. Br J Psychiatry 152:674–678 Marks I, Mishan J (1988) Dysmorphophobic avoidance with disturbed bodily perception. A pilot study of exposure therapy. Br J Psychiatry 152:674–678
27.
Zurück zum Zitat McKay D (1999) Two-year follow-up of behavioural treatment and maintenance for body dysmorphic disorder. Behav Modif 23:620–629CrossRefPubMed McKay D (1999) Two-year follow-up of behavioural treatment and maintenance for body dysmorphic disorder. Behav Modif 23:620–629CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Montagu A (1984) Körperkontakt. Klett Cotta, Stuttgart Montagu A (1984) Körperkontakt. Klett Cotta, Stuttgart
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Morselli E (1886) Sulla dismorfofobia e sulla tafefobia, Bd VI. Bollettino Accademia delle Scienze, Mediche di Genova, S 110-119 Morselli E (1886) Sulla dismorfofobia e sulla tafefobia, Bd VI. Bollettino Accademia delle Scienze, Mediche di Genova, S 110-119
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Mühlbauer W, Holm C, Wood DL (2001) The Thersites complex in plastic surgical patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 107:319–326CrossRefPubMed Mühlbauer W, Holm C, Wood DL (2001) The Thersites complex in plastic surgical patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 107:319–326CrossRefPubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips KA, Hollander E (2008) Treating Body dysmorphic disorder with medication: evidence, misconceptions, and a suggested approach. Body Image 5:13–27CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Phillips KA, Hollander E (2008) Treating Body dysmorphic disorder with medication: evidence, misconceptions, and a suggested approach. Body Image 5:13–27CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips KA, Kaye WH (2007) The relationship of body dysmorphic disorder and eating disorders to obsessive-compulsive disorder. CNS Spectr 12:347–358CrossRefPubMed Phillips KA, Kaye WH (2007) The relationship of body dysmorphic disorder and eating disorders to obsessive-compulsive disorder. CNS Spectr 12:347–358CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips KA, Coles ME, Menard W, Yen S, Fay C, Weisberg RB (2005) Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in body dysmorphic disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 66:717–725CrossRefPubMed Phillips KA, Coles ME, Menard W, Yen S, Fay C, Weisberg RB (2005) Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in body dysmorphic disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 66:717–725CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips KA, Grant J, Siniscalchi J, Albertini RS (2001) Surgical and nonpsychiatric medical treatment of patients with body dysmorphic disorder. Psychosomatics 42:504–510CrossRefPubMed Phillips KA, Grant J, Siniscalchi J, Albertini RS (2001) Surgical and nonpsychiatric medical treatment of patients with body dysmorphic disorder. Psychosomatics 42:504–510CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips KA, McElroy SL, Keck PE, Pope HG, Hudson JI (1993) Body dysmorhpic disorder. 30 cases of imagined ugliness. Am J Psychiatry 42:504–510 Phillips KA, McElroy SL, Keck PE, Pope HG, Hudson JI (1993) Body dysmorhpic disorder. 30 cases of imagined ugliness. Am J Psychiatry 42:504–510
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips KA, Menard W, Quinn E, Didie ER, Stout RL (2013) A 4-year prospective observational follow-up study of course and predictors of course in body dysmorphic disorder. Psychol Med 43:1109–1017CrossRefPubMed Phillips KA, Menard W, Quinn E, Didie ER, Stout RL (2013) A 4-year prospective observational follow-up study of course and predictors of course in body dysmorphic disorder. Psychol Med 43:1109–1017CrossRefPubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips KA, Pagano ME, Menard W, Stout RL (2006) A 12-month follow-up study of the course of body dysmorphic disorder. Am J Psychiatry 163:907–912CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Phillips KA, Pagano ME, Menard W, Stout RL (2006) A 12-month follow-up study of the course of body dysmorphic disorder. Am J Psychiatry 163:907–912CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Rabiei M, Mulkens S, Kalantari M, Molavi H, Bahrami F (2012) Metacognitive therapy for body dysmorphic disorder patients in Iran: acceptability and proof of concept. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 43: 724–729CrossRefPubMed Rabiei M, Mulkens S, Kalantari M, Molavi H, Bahrami F (2012) Metacognitive therapy for body dysmorphic disorder patients in Iran: acceptability and proof of concept. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 43: 724–729CrossRefPubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Rief W, Buhlmann U, Wilhelm S, Borkenhagen A, Brähler E (2006) The prevalence of body smorphic disorder: a population-based survey. Psychol Med 36:877–885CrossRefPubMed Rief W, Buhlmann U, Wilhelm S, Borkenhagen A, Brähler E (2006) The prevalence of body smorphic disorder: a population-based survey. Psychol Med 36:877–885CrossRefPubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Saxena S, Winograd A, Dunkin JJ, Maidment K, Rosen R, Vapnik T, Tarlow G, Bystritsky A (2001) A retrospective review of clinical characteristics and treatment reponse in body dysmorphic disorder versus obsessive-compulsive disorder. Clin Psychiatry 62:67–72CrossRef Saxena S, Winograd A, Dunkin JJ, Maidment K, Rosen R, Vapnik T, Tarlow G, Bystritsky A (2001) A retrospective review of clinical characteristics and treatment reponse in body dysmorphic disorder versus obsessive-compulsive disorder. Clin Psychiatry 62:67–72CrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Schieber K, Kollei I, DeZwaan M, Martin A (2015) Classification of body dysmorphic disorder — what is the advantage of the new DSM-5-criteria? J Psychosom Research 78:223–227CrossRef Schieber K, Kollei I, DeZwaan M, Martin A (2015) Classification of body dysmorphic disorder — what is the advantage of the new DSM-5-criteria? J Psychosom Research 78:223–227CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Schmidt NB, Harrington P (1995) Cognitive-behavioral treatment of body dysmorphic disorder: a case report. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 26:161–167CrossRefPubMed Schmidt NB, Harrington P (1995) Cognitive-behavioral treatment of body dysmorphic disorder: a case report. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 26:161–167CrossRefPubMed
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Sondheimer A (1988) Clomipramine treatment of delusional disorder- somatic type. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 27:188–192CrossRef Sondheimer A (1988) Clomipramine treatment of delusional disorder- somatic type. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 27:188–192CrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Tailon A, O'Connor K, Dupuis G, Lavoie M (2013) Inference-based therapy for body dysmorphic disorder. Clin Psychol Psychother 20:67–76CrossRef Tailon A, O'Connor K, Dupuis G, Lavoie M (2013) Inference-based therapy for body dysmorphic disorder. Clin Psychol Psychother 20:67–76CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Toro-Martinez E (2014) DSM-5: OCD and related disorders. Vertex 25:63–67PubMed Toro-Martinez E (2014) DSM-5: OCD and related disorders. Vertex 25:63–67PubMed
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Veale D, Gournay K, Dryden W, Boocock A, Shah F, Willson R, Walburn J (1996) Body dysmorphic disorder: a cognitive behavioural model and pilot randomised controlled trial. Behav Res Ther 34:717–729CrossRefPubMed Veale D, Gournay K, Dryden W, Boocock A, Shah F, Willson R, Walburn J (1996) Body dysmorphic disorder: a cognitive behavioural model and pilot randomised controlled trial. Behav Res Ther 34:717–729CrossRefPubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Wilhelm S, Phillips KA, Fama JM, Greenberg JL, Steketee G (2011) Modular cognitive-behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder. Behav Ther 42:624–633CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Wilhelm S, Phillips KA, Fama JM, Greenberg JL, Steketee G (2011) Modular cognitive-behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder. Behav Ther 42:624–633CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Winnicott DW (1979) Vom Spiel zur Kreativität. Klett Cotta, Stuttgart Winnicott DW (1979) Vom Spiel zur Kreativität. Klett Cotta, Stuttgart
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Winnicott DW (1990) Das Baby und seine Mutter. Klett Cotta, Stuttgart Winnicott DW (1990) Das Baby und seine Mutter. Klett Cotta, Stuttgart
Metadaten
Titel
Angst vor Missgestaltung
Körperdysmorphe Störung
verfasst von
Tanja Gieler
Dr. Elmar Brähler
Publikationsdatum
18.08.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
ästhetische dermatologie & kosmetologie / Ausgabe 4/2016
Print ISSN: 1867-481X
Elektronische ISSN: 2198-6517
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12634-016-5305-y

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2016

ästhetische dermatologie & kosmetologie 4/2016 Zur Ausgabe

cme fortbildung

CME: Sonnenschutz

Leitlinien kompakt für die Dermatologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Dermatologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.