Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 1/2012

01.01.2012 | Leitthema

Körperliche Aktivität und psychische Gesundheit

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Dr. K.-H. Schulz, A. Meyer, N. Langguth

Erschienen in: Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz | Ausgabe 1/2012

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die Forschung zum Zusammenhang zwischen körperlicher Aktivität und psychischer Gesundheit betrachtet die Auswirkungen körperlicher Aktivität sowohl auf der emotionalen als auch auf der kognitiven Ebene. Körperliches Training kann bei Depressionen ähnlich wirksam sein wie eine medikamentöse Therapie. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden in diesem Zusammenhang diskutierte neurobiologische Mechanismen, die der Stimmungsverbesserung zugrunde liegen, sowie psychologische Selbstkonzept- und Selbstwirksamkeitsmodelle dargestellt. Bei der gut belegten positiven Wirkung körperlicher Aktivität auf Angstzustände und Angststörungen können Desensitivierungsprozesse eine Rolle spielen. Das Phänomen des vor allem bei Leistungssportlern bekannten Übertrainings zeigt, dass körperliches Training nicht in jedem Fall das psychische Wohlbefinden verbessert. Körperliche Aktivität kann dem kognitiven Abbau im Alter vorbeugen und die Entwicklung einer Demenz hinauszögern. Auch bei Kindern und Jugendlichen hat körperliche Aktivität einen positiven Effekt auf die psychische Gesundheit und auf kognitive Funktionen, insbesondere auf die sich in diesem Alter entwickelnden exekutiven Funktionen. Schließlich übt körperliche Aktivität auch einen positiven Einfluss auf die hormonellen Stressregulationssysteme aus: Bei Trainierten zeigen diese eine stärkere Reaktivität und eine schnellere Regenerationsfähigkeit.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat König HH, Luppa M, Riedel-Heller S (2010) Die Kosten der Depression und die Wirtschaftlichkeit ihrer Behandlung. Psychiatr Prax 37:213–215PubMedCrossRef König HH, Luppa M, Riedel-Heller S (2010) Die Kosten der Depression und die Wirtschaftlichkeit ihrer Behandlung. Psychiatr Prax 37:213–215PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Conn VS (2010) Depressive symptom outcomes of physical activity interventions: meta-analysis findings. Ann Behav Med 39:128–138PubMedCrossRef Conn VS (2010) Depressive symptom outcomes of physical activity interventions: meta-analysis findings. Ann Behav Med 39:128–138PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Stathopoulou G, Powers MB, Berry AC et al (2006) Exercise interventions for mental health: a quantitative and qualitative review. Clin Psychol Sci Pract 13:179–193CrossRef Stathopoulou G, Powers MB, Berry AC et al (2006) Exercise interventions for mental health: a quantitative and qualitative review. Clin Psychol Sci Pract 13:179–193CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Rethorst CD, Wipfli BM, Landers DM (2009) The antidepressive effects of exercise. A meta-analysis of randomized trials. Sports Med 39:491–511PubMedCrossRef Rethorst CD, Wipfli BM, Landers DM (2009) The antidepressive effects of exercise. A meta-analysis of randomized trials. Sports Med 39:491–511PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Mead GE, Morley W, Campbell P et al (2009) Exercise for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 8:CD004366 Mead GE, Morley W, Campbell P et al (2009) Exercise for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 8:CD004366
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoffmann BM, Babyak MA, Graighead WE (2011) Exercise and pharmacotherapy in patients with major depression: one-year follow-up of the SMILE Study. Psychosom Med 73:127–133CrossRef Hoffmann BM, Babyak MA, Graighead WE (2011) Exercise and pharmacotherapy in patients with major depression: one-year follow-up of the SMILE Study. Psychosom Med 73:127–133CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Blumenthal JA, Babyak MA, Doraiswarmy PM et al (2007) Exercise and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Psychosom Med 69:587–596PubMedCrossRef Blumenthal JA, Babyak MA, Doraiswarmy PM et al (2007) Exercise and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Psychosom Med 69:587–596PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Babyak MA, Blumenthal JA, Herman S et al (2000) Exercise treatment for major depression: maintenance of therapeutic benefit at 10 months. Psychosom Med 62:633–638PubMed Babyak MA, Blumenthal JA, Herman S et al (2000) Exercise treatment for major depression: maintenance of therapeutic benefit at 10 months. Psychosom Med 62:633–638PubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Haase AM, Taylor A, Fox KR et al (2010) Rationale and development of the physical activity counseling intervention for a pragmatic Trial of Exercise and Depression in the UK (TREAD-UK). Ment Health Phys Act 3:85–91CrossRef Haase AM, Taylor A, Fox KR et al (2010) Rationale and development of the physical activity counseling intervention for a pragmatic Trial of Exercise and Depression in the UK (TREAD-UK). Ment Health Phys Act 3:85–91CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Glanz K, Bishop DB (2010) The role of behavioral science theory in development and implementation of public health interventions. Ann Rev Public Health 31:399–418CrossRef Glanz K, Bishop DB (2010) The role of behavioral science theory in development and implementation of public health interventions. Ann Rev Public Health 31:399–418CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Eriksson PS, Perfilieva E, Björk-Eriksson T (1998) Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nat Med 4:1313–1317PubMedCrossRef Eriksson PS, Perfilieva E, Björk-Eriksson T (1998) Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nat Med 4:1313–1317PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Ernst C, Olson AK, Pinel J et al (2006) Antidepressant effects of exercise: evidence for an adult-neurogenesis hypothesis? J Psychiatry Neurosci 31:84–92PubMed Ernst C, Olson AK, Pinel J et al (2006) Antidepressant effects of exercise: evidence for an adult-neurogenesis hypothesis? J Psychiatry Neurosci 31:84–92PubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Hennigan A, O’Callaghan RM, Kelly AM (2007) Neurotrophins and their receptors: roles in plasticity, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. Biochem Soc Trans 35:424–427PubMedCrossRef Hennigan A, O’Callaghan RM, Kelly AM (2007) Neurotrophins and their receptors: roles in plasticity, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. Biochem Soc Trans 35:424–427PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Laske C, Eschweiler G (2006) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Vom Nervenwachstumsfaktor zum Plastizitätsmodulator bei kognitiven Prozessen und psychischen Erkrankungen. Nervenarzt 77:523–537PubMedCrossRef Laske C, Eschweiler G (2006) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Vom Nervenwachstumsfaktor zum Plastizitätsmodulator bei kognitiven Prozessen und psychischen Erkrankungen. Nervenarzt 77:523–537PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Pedersen BK, Pedersen M, Krabbe KS et al (2009) Role of exercise-induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor production in the regulation of energy homeostasis in mammals. Exp Physiol 94:1153–1160PubMedCrossRef Pedersen BK, Pedersen M, Krabbe KS et al (2009) Role of exercise-induced brain-derived neurotrophic factor production in the regulation of energy homeostasis in mammals. Exp Physiol 94:1153–1160PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Dwivedi Y, Rizavi HS, Conley RR et al (2003) Altered gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and receptor tyrosine kinase B in postmortem brain of suicide subjects. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:804–815PubMedCrossRef Dwivedi Y, Rizavi HS, Conley RR et al (2003) Altered gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and receptor tyrosine kinase B in postmortem brain of suicide subjects. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:804–815PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Shimizu E, Hashimoto K, Okamura N et al (2003) Alterations of serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in depressed patients with or without antidepressants. Biol Psychiatry 54:70–75PubMedCrossRef Shimizu E, Hashimoto K, Okamura N et al (2003) Alterations of serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in depressed patients with or without antidepressants. Biol Psychiatry 54:70–75PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Knaepen K, Goekint M, Heyman EM, Meeusen R (2010) Neuroplasticity – exercise-induced response of peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Sports Med 40:765–801PubMedCrossRef Knaepen K, Goekint M, Heyman EM, Meeusen R (2010) Neuroplasticity – exercise-induced response of peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Sports Med 40:765–801PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Rasmussen P, Brassard P, Adser H et al (2009) Evidence for a release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor from the brain during exercise. Exp Physiol 94:1062–1069PubMedCrossRef Rasmussen P, Brassard P, Adser H et al (2009) Evidence for a release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor from the brain during exercise. Exp Physiol 94:1062–1069PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Walsh NP, Gleeson M, Shephard RJ et al (2011) Position statement. Part one: Immune function and exercise. Exerc Immunol Rev 17:6–63PubMed Walsh NP, Gleeson M, Shephard RJ et al (2011) Position statement. Part one: Immune function and exercise. Exerc Immunol Rev 17:6–63PubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Dietrich A (2006) Transient hypofrontality as a mechanism for the psychological effects of exercise. Psychiatry Res 145:79–83PubMedCrossRef Dietrich A (2006) Transient hypofrontality as a mechanism for the psychological effects of exercise. Psychiatry Res 145:79–83PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Dietrich A, Audiffren M (2011) The reticular-activating hypofrontality (RAH) model of acute exercise. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 35:1305–1325PubMedCrossRef Dietrich A, Audiffren M (2011) The reticular-activating hypofrontality (RAH) model of acute exercise. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 35:1305–1325PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Wipfli BM, Rethorst CD, Landers DM (2008) The anxiolytic effects of exercise: a meta-analysis of randomized trials and dose-response analysis. J Sport Exerc Psychol 30:392–410PubMed Wipfli BM, Rethorst CD, Landers DM (2008) The anxiolytic effects of exercise: a meta-analysis of randomized trials and dose-response analysis. J Sport Exerc Psychol 30:392–410PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Herring MP, O’Connor PJ, Dishman RK (2010) The effect of exercise training on anxiety symptoms among patients: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 170:321–331PubMedCrossRef Herring MP, O’Connor PJ, Dishman RK (2010) The effect of exercise training on anxiety symptoms among patients: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 170:321–331PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Euskirchen J, Kleinert J, Walschek R (2009) Sport- und Bewegungstherapie im Drogenentzug – Auswirkungen auf die Befindlichkeit. Bewegungsther Gesundheitssport 25:248–253CrossRef Euskirchen J, Kleinert J, Walschek R (2009) Sport- und Bewegungstherapie im Drogenentzug – Auswirkungen auf die Befindlichkeit. Bewegungsther Gesundheitssport 25:248–253CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Schwarz D, Gießing J, Heider J et al (2009) Sporttherapie in der Behandlung somatoformer Beschwerden: ein Literaturüberblick. Z Sportpsychol 16:117–130CrossRef Schwarz D, Gießing J, Heider J et al (2009) Sporttherapie in der Behandlung somatoformer Beschwerden: ein Literaturüberblick. Z Sportpsychol 16:117–130CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Ussher MH, Taylor A, Faulkner G (2008) Exercise interventions for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 8(4):CD002295 Ussher MH, Taylor A, Faulkner G (2008) Exercise interventions for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 8(4):CD002295
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Gorczynski P, Faulkner G (2010) Exercise therapy for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 12(5):CD004412 Gorczynski P, Faulkner G (2010) Exercise therapy for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 12(5):CD004412
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Pajonk FG, Wobrock T, Gruber O et al (2010) Hippocampal plasticity in response to exercise in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 67:133–143PubMedCrossRef Pajonk FG, Wobrock T, Gruber O et al (2010) Hippocampal plasticity in response to exercise in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 67:133–143PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Alfermann D, Stoll O (2000) Effects of physical exercise on self-concept and well-being. Int J Sport Psychol 30:47–65 Alfermann D, Stoll O (2000) Effects of physical exercise on self-concept and well-being. Int J Sport Psychol 30:47–65
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Spence JC, McGannon KR, Poon P (2005) The effect of exercise on global self-esteem: a quantitative review. J Sport Exerc Psychol 27:311–334 Spence JC, McGannon KR, Poon P (2005) The effect of exercise on global self-esteem: a quantitative review. J Sport Exerc Psychol 27:311–334
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Bandura A (1986) Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs Bandura A (1986) Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Netz Y, Wu MJ, Becker BJ, Tenenbaum G (2005) Physical activity and psychological well-being in advanced age: a meta-analysis of intervention studies. Psychol Aging 20:272–284PubMedCrossRef Netz Y, Wu MJ, Becker BJ, Tenenbaum G (2005) Physical activity and psychological well-being in advanced age: a meta-analysis of intervention studies. Psychol Aging 20:272–284PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Fox KR (2000) The effects of exercise on self-perceptions and self-esteem. In: Biddle SJH, Fox KR, Boutcher SH (Hrsg) Physical activity and psychological well-being. Routledge, London, S 88–117 Fox KR (2000) The effects of exercise on self-perceptions and self-esteem. In: Biddle SJH, Fox KR, Boutcher SH (Hrsg) Physical activity and psychological well-being. Routledge, London, S 88–117
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Taylor AH, Fox KR (2005) Effectiveness of a primary care exercise referral intervention for changing physical self-perceptions over 9 months. Health Psychol 24:11–21PubMedCrossRef Taylor AH, Fox KR (2005) Effectiveness of a primary care exercise referral intervention for changing physical self-perceptions over 9 months. Health Psychol 24:11–21PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Urhausen A, Kindermann W (2002) Übertraining. Dtsch Z Sportmed 53:121–122 Urhausen A, Kindermann W (2002) Übertraining. Dtsch Z Sportmed 53:121–122
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Coakley J (1992) Burnout among adolescent athletes – a personal failure or social problem? Sociol Sport J 9:271–285 Coakley J (1992) Burnout among adolescent athletes – a personal failure or social problem? Sociol Sport J 9:271–285
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Richardson SO, Andersen MB, Morris T (2008) Overtraining athletes: personal journeys in sport. Human Kinetics, Champaign Richardson SO, Andersen MB, Morris T (2008) Overtraining athletes: personal journeys in sport. Human Kinetics, Champaign
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Winsley R, Matos N (2011) Overtraining and elite young athletes. Med Sport Sci 56:97–105PubMed Winsley R, Matos N (2011) Overtraining and elite young athletes. Med Sport Sci 56:97–105PubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Kellmann M (2010) Preventing overtraining in athletes in high-intensity sports and stress/recovery monitoring. Scand J Med Sci Sports 20:95–102PubMedCrossRef Kellmann M (2010) Preventing overtraining in athletes in high-intensity sports and stress/recovery monitoring. Scand J Med Sci Sports 20:95–102PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat McNair D, Lorr M, Droppelmann LF (1971/1992) Profile of mood states manual. Educational and Industrial Testing Service, San Diego McNair D, Lorr M, Droppelmann LF (1971/1992) Profile of mood states manual. Educational and Industrial Testing Service, San Diego
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Kellmann M, Kallus KW (2001) The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes: user manual. Human Kinetics, Champaign Kellmann M, Kallus KW (2001) The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes: user manual. Human Kinetics, Champaign
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Etnier JL, Nowell PM, Landers DM, Sibley BA (2006) A meta-regression analysis to examine the relationship between aerobic fitness and cognitive performance. Brain Res Rev 30:119–130CrossRef Etnier JL, Nowell PM, Landers DM, Sibley BA (2006) A meta-regression analysis to examine the relationship between aerobic fitness and cognitive performance. Brain Res Rev 30:119–130CrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Uffelen JGZ van, Chin AP, Marijke JM et al (2008) The effects of exercise on cognition in older adults with and without cognitive decline: a systematic review. Clin J Sport Med 18:486–500PubMedCrossRef Uffelen JGZ van, Chin AP, Marijke JM et al (2008) The effects of exercise on cognition in older adults with and without cognitive decline: a systematic review. Clin J Sport Med 18:486–500PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Angevaren M, Aufdemkampe G, Verhaar HJJ et al (2008) Physical activity and enhanced fitness to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 16(3):CD005381 Angevaren M, Aufdemkampe G, Verhaar HJJ et al (2008) Physical activity and enhanced fitness to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 16(3):CD005381
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Erickson KI, Kramer AF (2009) Aerobic exercise effects on cognitive and neural plasticity in older adults. Br J Sports Med 43:22–24PubMedCrossRef Erickson KI, Kramer AF (2009) Aerobic exercise effects on cognitive and neural plasticity in older adults. Br J Sports Med 43:22–24PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith PJ, Blumenthal JA, Hoffman BM et al (2010) Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials. Psychosom Med 72:239–252PubMedCrossRef Smith PJ, Blumenthal JA, Hoffman BM et al (2010) Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials. Psychosom Med 72:239–252PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Sofi F, Valecchi D, Bacci D et al (2011) Physical activity and risk of cognitive decline: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. J Intern Med 269:107–117PubMedCrossRef Sofi F, Valecchi D, Bacci D et al (2011) Physical activity and risk of cognitive decline: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. J Intern Med 269:107–117PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Heyn P, Abreu BC, Ottenbacher KJ (2004) The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85:1694–1704PubMedCrossRef Heyn P, Abreu BC, Ottenbacher KJ (2004) The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85:1694–1704PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Olazarán J, Reisberg B, Clare L et al (2010) Nonpharmacological therapies in Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review of efficacy. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 30:161–178PubMedCrossRef Olazarán J, Reisberg B, Clare L et al (2010) Nonpharmacological therapies in Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review of efficacy. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 30:161–178PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Luijpen MW, Scherder EJA, Van Someren EJW et al (2003) Non-pharmacological interventions in cognitively impaired and demented patients: a comparison with cholinesterase inhibitors. Rev Neurosci 14:343–368PubMedCrossRef Luijpen MW, Scherder EJA, Van Someren EJW et al (2003) Non-pharmacological interventions in cognitively impaired and demented patients: a comparison with cholinesterase inhibitors. Rev Neurosci 14:343–368PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith M, Wells J, Borrie M (2006) Treatment effect size of memantine therapy in Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 20:133–137PubMedCrossRef Smith M, Wells J, Borrie M (2006) Treatment effect size of memantine therapy in Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 20:133–137PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Weinmann S, Roll S, Schwarzbach C et al (2010) Effects of Ginkgo biloba in dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr 10:14PubMedCrossRef Weinmann S, Roll S, Schwarzbach C et al (2010) Effects of Ginkgo biloba in dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr 10:14PubMedCrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Riepe MW, Janetzky W, Lemming OM (2011) Measuring therapeutic efficacy in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: role of instruments. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 31:233–238PubMedCrossRef Riepe MW, Janetzky W, Lemming OM (2011) Measuring therapeutic efficacy in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: role of instruments. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 31:233–238PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Forbes D, Forbes S, Morgan DG et al (2008) Physical activity programs for persons with dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 16(3):CD006489 Forbes D, Forbes S, Morgan DG et al (2008) Physical activity programs for persons with dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 16(3):CD006489
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Hamer M, Chida Y (2009) Physical activity and risk of neurodegenerative disease: a systematic review of prospective evidence. Psychol Med 39:3–11PubMedCrossRef Hamer M, Chida Y (2009) Physical activity and risk of neurodegenerative disease: a systematic review of prospective evidence. Psychol Med 39:3–11PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Aarsland D, Sardahaee FS, Anderssen S et al (2010) Is physical activity a potential preventive factor for vascular dementia? A systematic review. Aging Ment Health 14:386–395PubMedCrossRef Aarsland D, Sardahaee FS, Anderssen S et al (2010) Is physical activity a potential preventive factor for vascular dementia? A systematic review. Aging Ment Health 14:386–395PubMedCrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Bös K, Worth A, Opper E et al (2009) Motorik-Modul: Eine Studie zur motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit und körperlich-sportlichen Aktivität von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland. Forschungsreihe des Bundesministeriums für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend, Bd. 5. Nomos, Baden-Baden Bös K, Worth A, Opper E et al (2009) Motorik-Modul: Eine Studie zur motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit und körperlich-sportlichen Aktivität von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland. Forschungsreihe des Bundesministeriums für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend, Bd. 5. Nomos, Baden-Baden
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Larun L, Nordheim LV, Ekeland E et al (2006) Exercise in prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression among children and young people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 19(3):CD004691 Larun L, Nordheim LV, Ekeland E et al (2006) Exercise in prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression among children and young people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 19(3):CD004691
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Ahn S, Feweda AL (2011) A meta-analysis of the relationship between children’s physical activity and mental health. J Pediatr Psychol 36:385–397PubMedCrossRef Ahn S, Feweda AL (2011) A meta-analysis of the relationship between children’s physical activity and mental health. J Pediatr Psychol 36:385–397PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Motl RW, Birnbaum AS, Kubik MY, Dishman RK (2004) Naturally occurring changes in physical activity are inversely related to depressive symptoms during early adolescence. Psychosom Med 66:336–342PubMedCrossRef Motl RW, Birnbaum AS, Kubik MY, Dishman RK (2004) Naturally occurring changes in physical activity are inversely related to depressive symptoms during early adolescence. Psychosom Med 66:336–342PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Jerstad SJ, Boutelle KN, Ness KK, Stice E (2011) Prospective reciprocal relations between physical activity and depression in female adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 78:268–272 Jerstad SJ, Boutelle KN, Ness KK, Stice E (2011) Prospective reciprocal relations between physical activity and depression in female adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 78:268–272
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Best JR (2010) Effects of physical activity on children’s executive function. Contributions of experimental research on aerobic exercise. Dev Rev 30:331–351PubMedCrossRef Best JR (2010) Effects of physical activity on children’s executive function. Contributions of experimental research on aerobic exercise. Dev Rev 30:331–351PubMedCrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Best JR, Miller PH (2010) A developmental perspective on executive function. Child Dev 81:1641–1660PubMedCrossRef Best JR, Miller PH (2010) A developmental perspective on executive function. Child Dev 81:1641–1660PubMedCrossRef
65.
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Tomporowski PD, Davis CL, Miller PH, Naglieri JA (2008) Exercise and children’s intelligence, cognition, and academic achievement. Educ Psychol Rev 20:111–131PubMedCrossRef Tomporowski PD, Davis CL, Miller PH, Naglieri JA (2008) Exercise and children’s intelligence, cognition, and academic achievement. Educ Psychol Rev 20:111–131PubMedCrossRef
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis CL, Tomporowski PD, McDowell JE et al (2011) Exercise improves executive function and achievement and alters brain activation in overweight children: a randomized, controlled trial. Health Psychol 30:91–98PubMedCrossRef Davis CL, Tomporowski PD, McDowell JE et al (2011) Exercise improves executive function and achievement and alters brain activation in overweight children: a randomized, controlled trial. Health Psychol 30:91–98PubMedCrossRef
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Sibley BA, Etnier JL (2003) The relationship between physical activity and cognition in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatr Exerc Sci 15:243–256 Sibley BA, Etnier JL (2003) The relationship between physical activity and cognition in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatr Exerc Sci 15:243–256
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Chrousos GP, Gold W (1992) The concepts of stress and stress system disorders. Overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis. JAMA 267:1244–1252PubMedCrossRef Chrousos GP, Gold W (1992) The concepts of stress and stress system disorders. Overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis. JAMA 267:1244–1252PubMedCrossRef
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Tsatsoulis A, Fountoulakis S (2006) The protective role of exercise on stress system dysregulation and comorbidities. Ann NY Acad Sci 1083:196–213PubMedCrossRef Tsatsoulis A, Fountoulakis S (2006) The protective role of exercise on stress system dysregulation and comorbidities. Ann NY Acad Sci 1083:196–213PubMedCrossRef
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Sothmann MS (2006) The cross-stressor adaptation hypothesis and exercise training. In: Acevedo EO, Ekkekakis P (Hrsg) Psychobiology of physical activity. Human Kinetics, Champaign, S 149–160 Sothmann MS (2006) The cross-stressor adaptation hypothesis and exercise training. In: Acevedo EO, Ekkekakis P (Hrsg) Psychobiology of physical activity. Human Kinetics, Champaign, S 149–160
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Gerber M, Pühse U (2008) Sportliche Aktivität und Stressreaktivität: Ein Review. Dtsch Z Sportmed 59:168–174 Gerber M, Pühse U (2008) Sportliche Aktivität und Stressreaktivität: Ein Review. Dtsch Z Sportmed 59:168–174
73.
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Krishnan V, Nestler EJ (2010) Linking molecules to mood: new insight into the biology of depression. Am J Psychiatry 167:1305–1320PubMedCrossRef Krishnan V, Nestler EJ (2010) Linking molecules to mood: new insight into the biology of depression. Am J Psychiatry 167:1305–1320PubMedCrossRef
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Jackson WM, Dishman RK (2006) Cardiorespiratory fitness and laboratory stress: a meta-regression analysis. Psychophysiology 43:57–72PubMedCrossRef Jackson WM, Dishman RK (2006) Cardiorespiratory fitness and laboratory stress: a meta-regression analysis. Psychophysiology 43:57–72PubMedCrossRef
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Hamer M, Taylor A, Steptoe A (2006) The effect of acute aerobic exercise on stress related blood pressure responses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Psychol 71:183–190PubMedCrossRef Hamer M, Taylor A, Steptoe A (2006) The effect of acute aerobic exercise on stress related blood pressure responses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Psychol 71:183–190PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Körperliche Aktivität und psychische Gesundheit
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Dr. K.-H. Schulz
A. Meyer
N. Langguth
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz / Ausgabe 1/2012
Print ISSN: 1436-9990
Elektronische ISSN: 1437-1588
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-011-1387-x

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2012

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 1/2012 Zur Ausgabe

Leitlinien kompakt für die Allgemeinmedizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Facharzt-Training Allgemeinmedizin

Die ideale Vorbereitung zur anstehenden Prüfung mit den ersten 24 von 100 klinischen Fallbeispielen verschiedener Themenfelder

Mehr erfahren

Update Allgemeinmedizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.