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Erschienen in: Der Gynäkologe 2/2018

24.01.2018 | Kontrazeption | Leitthema

Kontrazeption bei Frauen mit Epilepsie

verfasst von: Dr. A. Schwenkhagen, K. Schaudig, S. R. G. Stodieck

Erschienen in: Die Gynäkologie | Ausgabe 2/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Epilepsien gehören zu den häufigsten neurologischen Erkrankungen. Wechselseitige Interaktionen zwischen hormonalen Kontrazeptiva und der antiepileptischen Medikation müssen beachtet werden, um ungeplante Schwangerschaften oder eine Verschlechterung der Anfallskontrolle zu verhindern. Enzyminduzierende Antikonvulsiva (EI-AED) können die kontrazeptive Wirksamkeit reduzieren. Um die kontrazeptive Sicherheit zu erhöhen, empfiehlt sich die kontinuierliche Anwendung eines monophasischen kombinierten Kontrazeptivums, dessen Gestagenanteil möglichst weit oberhalb der Ovulationshemmdosis gelegen sein sollte. Eine 100%ige kontrazeptive Sicherheit kann hierunter jedoch nicht garantiert werden, sodass im Zweifelsfalle zusätzliche kontrazeptive Methoden empfohlen werden sollten, beispielsweise Kondome. Niedrig oder intermediär dosierte Gestagen-„mono“-Verfahren (Minipille, 75 µg DSG mono-Pille, Etonogestrel-Implantat) sollten nicht in Kombination mit AED eingesetzt werden. Zwar sind die hochdosierten, injizierbaren Depotverfahren vermutlich auch in Kombination mit EI-AED wirksam, doch wegen des Nebenwirkungsprofils sind sie nur nach gründlicher Abwägung von Nutzen und Risiken zu verordnen. Intrauterine Verhütungssysteme mit Kupfer oder die Levonorgestrel-freisetzenden Spiralen können eine Alternative sein. Eine interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen den betreuenden Ärzten und Ärztinnen der Bereiche Neurologie und Gynäkologie ist für eine optimale Betreuung von Frauen mit Epilepsie von entscheidender Bedeutung.
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Metadaten
Titel
Kontrazeption bei Frauen mit Epilepsie
verfasst von
Dr. A. Schwenkhagen
K. Schaudig
S. R. G. Stodieck
Publikationsdatum
24.01.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Gynäkologie / Ausgabe 2/2018
Print ISSN: 2731-7102
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7110
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-017-4182-4

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