1 Haslam A et al. How many people in the US are eligible for and respond to checkpoint inhibitors: An empirical analysis. Int J Cancer 2025; https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.35347
2 Hadadd R et al. Atezolizumab in High-Risk Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. JAMA 2025; https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.1483
3 Lee NY et al. Avelumab plus standard-of-care chemoradiotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2021;22(4):450–462; https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30737-3
4 Machiels JP et al. Pembrolizumab plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus placebo plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-412): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2024;25(5):572–587; https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(24)00100-1
5 Yom SS et al. Interim Futility Results of NRG-HN005, A Randomized, Phase II/III Non-Inferiority Trial for Non-Smoking p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.08.014
6 Voortman J et al. No prime time yet for checkpoint inhibitors in localised head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Lancet Oncol 2024;25(5):533–534; https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(24)00197-9
7 Posner M. Curative Application of Immunotherapy in Untreated Head and Neck and Nasopharynx Cancer. JAMA 2025; https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.3012