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Erschienen in: HNO 7/2016

03.06.2016 | Kopf-Hals-Tumoren | Leitthema

Präklinische Modelle zur Etablierung innovativer Therapiestrategien

Ex‑vivo‑Testung der Chemo‑ und Immunresponse von Kopf‑Hals‑Tumoren

verfasst von: Dr. rer. nat. G. Wichmann, A. Dietz

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 7/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Aktuell erfährt die pharmakologische Behandlung fortgeschrittener Plattenepithelkarzinome der Kopf-Hals-Region (HNSCC) eine Erweiterung des Spektrums zielgerichteter Therapien. Wegen des Einsatzes von Immunmodulatoren, z. B. Checkpointinhibitoren, und deren Kombination mit Chemotherapien wird erwartet, dass in Kürze mehr Therapieoptionen verfügbar sind, aus denen die individuell beste auszuwählen ist. HNSCC haben eine heterogene Biologie und sprechen bei Chemotherapie uneinheitlich und oft nur in Subgruppen an. Die Erfolgsaussicht der Behandlung vor Beginn sicher zu kennen, wäre wertvoll. Die evidenzbasierte Auswahl von Therapeutika für eine individuell bestmögliche Therapie fällt schwer, weil prädiktive Biomarker fehlen, die deren Eignung verlässlich anzeigen. Die prätherapeutische prädiktive Chemoresponsetestung bioptischer HNSCC-Proben könnte Responder identifizieren und gestatten, für potenzielle Nonresponder besser geeignete Therapien ohne vorherige, wahrscheinlich unwirksame Therapieversuche auszuwählen. Bislang erlaubten Ex-vivo-Tests keine Vorhersage des Therapieerfolgs bei Einsatz tolerierbarer Konzentrationen der Pharmaka oder geeigneten Kombinationen. Zumeist wurde die prädiktive Testung von Tumorbiopsaten als im klinischen Kontext untauglich abgetan. Verbesserte Methoden führen derzeit zur Neubewertung des Ex-vivo-Ansatzes und seine erweiterte Nutzung zur Analyse antitumoraler Immunantworten. Die Autoren zeigen aktuelle Entwicklungen und neue Ergebnisse aus Ex-vivo-Chemoresponsetestungen von HNSCC auf und heben ihre Eignung heraus, die Etablierung neuer Therapiestrategien zu unterstützen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Präklinische Modelle zur Etablierung innovativer Therapiestrategien
Ex‑vivo‑Testung der Chemo‑ und Immunresponse von Kopf‑Hals‑Tumoren
verfasst von
Dr. rer. nat. G. Wichmann
A. Dietz
Publikationsdatum
03.06.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 7/2016
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-016-0160-8

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