nach oben

Die Gastroenterologie

Erschienen in:

02.03.2023 | Leberzirrhose | Schwerpunkt

Therapie von COVID-19 unter Berücksichtigung von Lebererkrankungen

verfasst von: Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Markus Cornberg, Dr. med. Christopher Dietz-Fricke

Erschienen in: Die Gastroenterologie | Ausgabe 2/2023

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Patienten mit chronischen Lebererkrankungen (CLD), insbesondere mit Leberzirrhose, sowie immunsupprimierte Personen nach Lebertransplantation scheinen generell ein erhöhtes Infektionsrisiko zu haben, was sich in einer erhöhten Mortalität niederschlägt. Dies gilt auch für die Infektion mit „severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“ (SARS-CoV-2), bei der insbesondere Patienten mit Leberzirrhose ein hohes Risiko für einen schweren Verlauf COVID-19 (Coronavirus-Krankheit-2019) haben. Prävention und Therapie der SARS-CoV-2-Infektion sind daher wichtige Maßnahmen, um diese gefährdete Patientengruppe vor den Folgen von COVID-19 zu schützen. Die jüngste SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie hat zu einer außergewöhnlich raschen Entwicklung von Impfstoffen, prophylaktischen und therapeutischen Antikörpern sowie zur Erprobung neuer und bereits für andere Indikationen zugelassener Arzneimittel geführt. In diesem Artikel werden die Therapiekonzepte unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Patienten mit chronischen Lebererkrankungen und Patienten nach Lebertransplantation zusammengefasst.

Marjot T, Eberhardt CS, Boettler T, Belli LS, Berenguer M, Buti M et al (2022) Impact of COVID-19 on the liver and on the care of patients with chronic liver disease, hepatobiliary cancer, and liver transplantation: an updated EASL position paper. J Hepatol 77:1161–1197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2022.07.008CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Gandhi RT, Lynch JB, Del Rio C (2020) Mild or moderate Covid-19. N Engl J Med 383:1757–1766. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp2009249CrossRefPubMed

De Clercq E (2021) Remdesivir: quo vadis? Biochem Pharmacol 193:114800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114800CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Beigel JH, Tomashek KM, Dodd LE, Mehta AK, Zingman BS, Kalil AC et al (2020) Remdesivir for the treatment of Covid-19—final report. N Engl J Med 383:1813–1826. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2007764CrossRefPubMed

Goldman JD, Lye DCB, Hui DS, Marks KM, Bruno R, Montejano R et al (2020) Remdesivir for 5 or 10 days in patients with severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med 383:1827–1837. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2015301CrossRefPubMed

WHO Solidarity Trial Consortium, Pan H, Peto R, Henao-Restrepo A‑M, Preziosi M‑P, Sathiyamoorthy V et al (2021) Repurposed antiviral drugs for Covid-19—interim WHO solidarity trial results. N Engl J Med 384:497–511. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2023184CrossRef

Mozaffari E, Chandak A, Zhang Z, Liang S, Thrun M, Gottlieb RL et al (2021) Remdesivir treatment in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a comparative analysis of in-hospital all-cause mortality in a large multi-center observational cohort. Clin Infect Dis. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab875CrossRefPubMedCentral

Garibaldi BT, Wang K, Robinson ML, Betz J, Alexander GC, Andersen KM et al (2021) Real-world effectiveness of Remdesivir in adults hospitalized with Covid-19: a retrospective, multicenter comparative effectiveness study. Clin Infect Dis. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab1035CrossRefPubMed

Ader F, Bouscambert-Duchamp M, Hites M, Peiffer-Smadja N, Poissy J, Belhadi D et al (2021) Remdesivir plus standard of care versus standard of care alone for the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (DisCoVeRy): a phase 3, randomised, controlled, open-label trial. Lancet Infect Dis. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00485-0CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Gottlieb RL, Vaca CE, Paredes R, Mera J, Webb BJ, Perez G et al (2022) Early Remdesivir to prevent progression to severe Covid-19 in outpatients. N Engl J Med 386:305–315. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2116846CrossRefPubMed

11.

Umemura T, Nishikawa K, Mutoh Y, Sasano H, Kozaki K, Yamada T et al (2021) Usage experience of remdesivir for SARS-CoV‑2 infection in a patient with chronic cirrhosis of Child-Pugh class C. J Antimicrob Chemother 76:1947–1948. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab076CrossRefPubMed

12.

Sabers AJ, Williams AL, Farley TM (2020) Use of remdesivir in the presence of elevated LFTs for the treatment of severe COVID-19 infection. BMJ Case Rep 13:e239210. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-239210CrossRefPubMed

13.

Lin K, Gausman V, Poles M, Popov V (2022) Acute liver failure secondary to Remdesivir in the treatment of COVID-19. ACG Case Rep J. https://doi.org/10.14309/crj.0000000000000866CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

14.

Vangeel L, Chiu W, De Jonghe S, Maes P, Slechten B, Raymenants J et al (2022) Remdesivir, Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir remain active against SARS-CoV‑2 Omicron and other variants of concern. Antiviral Res 198:105252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

15.

Solera JT, Árbol BG, Bahinskaya I, Marks N, Humar A, Kumar D (2023) Short-course early outpatient remdesivir prevents severe disease due to COVID-19 in organ transplant recipients during the omicron BA.2 wave. Am J Transplant 23:78–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.17199CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

16.

Owen DR, Allerton CMN, Anderson AS, Aschenbrenner L, Avery M, Berritt S et al (2021) An oral SARS-CoV‑2 Mpro inhibitor clinical candidate for the treatment of COVID-19. Science 374:1586–1593. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abl4784CrossRefPubMed

17.

Hammond J, Leister-Tebbe H, Gardner A, Abreu P, Bao W, Wisemandle W et al (2022) Oral Nirmatrelvir for high-risk, nonhospitalized adults with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2118542CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

18.

Ullrich S, Ekanayake KB, Otting G, Nitsche C (2022) Main protease mutants of SARS-CoV‑2 variants remain susceptible to nirmatrelvir. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 62:128629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128629CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

19.

Li P, Wang Y, Lavrijsen M, Lamers MM, de Vries AC, Rottier RJ et al (2022) SARS-CoV‑2 Omicron variant is highly sensitive to molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir, and the combination. Cell Res 32:322–324. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-022-00618-wCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

20.

Arbel R, Sagy WY, Hoshen M, Battat E, Lavie G, Sergienko R et al (2022) Nirmatrelvir use and severe Covid-19 outcomes during the omicron surge. N Engl J Med 387:790–798. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2204919CrossRefPubMed

21.

Wong CKH, Au ICH, Lau KTK, Lau EHY, Cowling BJ, Leung GM (2022) Real-world effectiveness of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir against mortality, hospitalisation, and in-hospital outcomes among community-dwelling, ambulatory patients with confirmed SARS-CoV‑2 infection during the omicron wave in Hong Kong: an observational study. Lancet 400:1213–1222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01586-0CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

22.

Wong CKH, Au ICH, Lau KTK, Lau EHY, Cowling BJ, Leung GM (2022) Real-world effectiveness of early molnupiravir or nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 without supplemental oxygen requirement on admission during Hong Kong’s omicron BA.2 wave: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 22:1681–1693. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00507-2CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

23.

Lemaitre F, Budde K, Van Gelder T, Bergan S, Lawson R, Noceti O et al (2022) Therapeutic drug monitoring and dosage adjustments of immunosuppressive drugs when combined with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in patients with COVID-19. Ther Drug Monit. https://doi.org/10.1097/FTD.0000000000001014CrossRefPubMed

24.

Tacke F, Cornberg M, Sterneck M, Trebicka J, Settmacher U, Bechstein WO et al (2022) S1-Leitlinie zur Versorgung von Lebertransplantierten während der COVID-19-Pandemie – AWMF-Registernummer: 021-031 – Stand 15. Juni 2022. Z Gastroenterol 60:1678–1698. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1934-1989CrossRefPubMed

25.

Kabinger F, Stiller C, Schmitzová J, Dienemann C, Kokic G, Hillen HS et al (2021) Mechanism of molnupiravir-induced SARS-CoV‑2 mutagenesis. Nat Struct Mol Biol 28:740–746. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-021-00651-0CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

26.

Jayk Bernal A, Gomes da Silva MM, Musungaie DB, Kovalchuk E, Gonzalez A, Delos RV et al (2022) Molnupiravir for oral treatment of Covid-19 in nonhospitalized patients. N Engl J Med 386:509–520. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2116044CrossRefPubMed

27.

Rosenke K, Okumura A, Lewis MC, Feldmann F, Meade-White K, Bohler WF et al (2022) Molnupiravir (MK-4482) is efficacious against Omicron and other SARS-CoV‑2 variants in the Syrian hamster COVID-19 model. BioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.22.481491CrossRef

28.

Butler CC, Hobbs FDR, Gbinigie OA, Rahman NM, Hayward G, Richards DB et al (2023) Molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 at increased risk of adverse outcomes (PANORAMIC): an open-label, platform-adaptive randomised controlled trial. Lancet 401:281–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02597-1CrossRefPubMed

29.

Weinreich DM, Sivapalasingam S, Norton T, Ali S, Gao H, Bhore R et al (2021) REGEN-COV antibody combination and outcomes in outpatients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 385:e81. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2108163CrossRefPubMed

30.

Dougan M, Nirula A, Azizad M, Mocherla B, Gottlieb RL, Chen P et al (2021) Bamlanivimab plus etesevimab in mild or moderate Covid-19. N Engl J Med 385:1382–1392. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2102685CrossRefPubMed

31.

Gupta A, Gonzalez-Rojas Y, Juarez E, Casal MC, Moya J, Falci DR et al (2021) Early treatment for Covid-19 with SARS-coV‑2 neutralizing antibody sotrovimab. N Engl J Med. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2107934CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

32.

Al Jurdi A, Morena L, Cote M, Bethea E, Azzi J, Riella LV (2022) Tixagevimab/cilgavimab pre-exposure prophylaxis is associated with lower breakthrough infection risk in vaccinated solid organ transplant recipients during the omicron wave. Am J Transplant 22:3130–3136. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.17128CrossRefPubMed

33.

Benotmane I, Velay A, Gautier-Vargas G, Olagne J, Obrecht A, Cognard N et al (2022) Breakthrough COVID-19 cases despite prophylaxis with 150 mg of tixagevimab and 150 mg of cilgavimab in kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 22:2675–2681. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.17121CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

34.

Bruel T, Hadjadj J, Maes P, Planas D, Seve A, Staropoli I et al (2022) Serum neutralization of SARS-CoV‑2 Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies. Nat Med. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01792-5CrossRefPubMed

35.

Takashita E, Yamayoshi S, Simon V, van Bakel H, Sordillo EM, Pekosz A et al (2022) Efficacy of antibodies and antiviral drugs against Omicron BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5 subvariants. N Engl J Med 387:468–470. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2207519CrossRefPubMed

36.

Iketani S, Liu L, Guo Y, Liu L, Chan JF‑W, Huang Y et al (2022) Antibody evasion properties of SARS-CoV‑2 Omicron sublineages. Nature 604:553–556. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04594-4CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

37.

Woo MS, Brehm TT, Fischer M, Heyer A, Wichmann D, Jordan S et al (2022) Sotrovimab in hospitalized patients with SARS-coV‑2 Omicron variant infection: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study. Microbiol Spectr. https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.04103-22CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

38.

RECOVERY Collaborative Group, Horby P, Lim WS, Emberson JR, Mafham M, Bell JL et al (2021) Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 384:693–704. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2021436CrossRef

39.

Wagner C, Griesel M, Mikolajewska A, Mueller A, Nothacker M, Kley K et al (2021) Systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID-19. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD014963CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

40.

Yip TC‑F, Gill M, Wong GL‑H, Liu K (2022) Management of hepatitis B virus reactivation due to treatment of COVID-19. Hepatol Int. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-022-10306-xCrossRefPubMed

41.

Kalil AC, Patterson TF, Mehta AK, Tomashek KM, Wolfe CR, Ghazaryan V et al (2021) Baricitinib plus Remdesivir for hospitalized adults with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 384:795–807. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2031994CrossRefPubMed

42.

Marconi VC, Ramanan AV, de Bono S, Kartman CE, Krishnan V, Liao R et al (2021) Efficacy and safety of baricitinib for the treatment of hospitalised adults with COVID-19 (COV-BARRIER): a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med 9:1407–1418. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00331-3CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

43.

Ely EW, Ramanan AV, Kartman CE, de Bono S, Liao R, Piruzeli MLB et al (2022) Efficacy and safety of baricitinib plus standard of care for the treatment of critically ill hospitalised adults with COVID-19 on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an exploratory, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(22)00006-6CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

44.

Pérez-Alba E, Nuzzolo-Shihadeh L, Aguirre-García GM, Espinosa-Mora J, Lecona-Garcia JD, Flores-Pérez RO et al (2021) Baricitinib plus dexamethasone compared to dexamethasone for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia: A retrospective analysis. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 54:787–793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2021.05.009CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

45.

Gatti M, Turrini E, Raschi E, Sestili P, Fimognari C (2021) Janus kinase inhibitors and Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19: rationale, clinical evidence and safety issues. Pharmaceuticals 14:738. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14080738CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

46.

Harigai M, Winthrop K, Takeuchi T, Hsieh T‑Y, Chen Y‑M, Smolen JS et al (2020) Evaluation of hepatitis B virus in clinical trials of baricitinib in rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open 6:e1095. https://doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2019-001095CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

47.

Guimarães PO, Quirk D, Furtado RH, Maia LN, Saraiva JF, Antunes MO et al (2021) Tofacitinib in patients hospitalized with Covid-19 pneumonia. N Engl J Med 385:406–415. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2101643CrossRefPubMed

48.

Florescu DF, Kalil AC (2021) Janus Kinase inhibitors for the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Curr Opin Crit Care 27:493–496. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0000000000000869CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

49.

RECOVERY Collaborative Group. (2021) Tocilizumab in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial. Lancet 397:1637–1645. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00676-0CrossRef

50.

WHO Rapid Evidence Appraisal for COVID-19 Therapies (REACT) Working Group, Shankar-Hari M, Vale CL, Godolphin PJ, Fisher D, Higgins JPT et al (2021) Association between administration of IL‑6 antagonists and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: a meta-analysis. JAMA 326:499–518. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.11330CrossRef

51.

Schiff MH, Kremer JM, Jahreis A, Vernon E, Isaacs JD, van Vollenhoven RF (2011) Integrated safety in tocilizumab clinical trials. Arthritis Res Ther 13:R141. https://doi.org/10.1186/ar3455CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

52.

Koike T, Harigai M, Inokuma S, Ishiguro N, Ryu J, Takeuchi T et al (2011) Postmarketing surveillance of tocilizumab for rheumatoid arthritis in Japan: interim analysis of 3881 patients. Ann Rheum Dis 70:2148–2151. https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2011.151092CrossRefPubMed

53.

Gao Q, Yin X, Tan B, Wang J, Chen J, Zhao B et al (2022) Drug-induced liver injury following the use of tocilizumab or sarilumab in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. BMC Infect Dis 22:929. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07896-0CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

54.

Chen L‑F, Mo Y‑Q, Jing J, Ma J‑D, Zheng D‑H, Dai L (2017) Short-course tocilizumab increases risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective clinical observation. Int J Rheum Dis 20:859–869. https://doi.org/10.1111/1756-185X.13010CrossRefPubMed

55.

Campbell C, Andersson MI, Ansari MA, Moswela O, Misbah SA, Klenerman P et al (2021) Risk of reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and tuberculosis (TB) and complications of hepatitis C virus (HCV) following tocilizumab therapy: a systematic review to inform risk assessment in the COVID-19 era. Front Med 8:706482. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.706482CrossRef

56.

Marino A, Munafò A, Augello E, Bellanca CM, Bonomo C, Ceccarelli M et al (2022) Sarilumab administration in COVID-19 patients: literature review and considerations. Infect Dis Rep 14:360–371. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr14030040CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

57.

ATTACC Investigators, ACTIV-4a Investigators, REMAP-CAP Investigators, Lawler PR, Goligher EC, Berger JS et al (2021) Therapeutic anticoagulation with heparin in noncritically ill patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 385:790–802. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2105911CrossRef

58.

Sholzberg M, Tang GH, Rahhal H, AlHamzah M, Kreuziger LB, Áinle FN et al (2021) Effectiveness of therapeutic heparin versus prophylactic heparin on death, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission in moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital: RAPID randomised clinical trial. BMJ 375:n2400. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2400CrossRefPubMed

59.

Lopes RD, de Barros E Silva PGM, Furtado RHM, Macedo AVS, Bronhara B, Damiani LP et al (2021) Therapeutic versus prophylactic anticoagulation for patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 and elevated D‑dimer concentration (ACTION): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 397:2253–2263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01203-4CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

60.

Connors JM, Brooks MM, Sciurba FC, Krishnan JA, Bledsoe JR, Kindzelski A et al (2021) Effect of antithrombotic therapy on clinical outcomes in outpatients with clinically stable symptomatic COVID-19: the ACTIV-4B randomized clinical trial. JAMA 326:1703–1712. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.17272CrossRefPubMed

61.

Ananworanich J, Mogg R, Dunne MW, Bassyouni M, David CV, Gonzalez E et al (2021) Randomized study of rivaroxaban vs. placebo on disease progression and symptoms resolution in high-risk adults with mild COVID-19. Clin Infect Dis. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab813CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

62.

REMAP-CAP Investigators, ACTIV-4a Investigators, ATTACC Investigators, Goligher EC, Bradbury CA, McVerry BJ et al (2021) Therapeutic anticoagulation with heparin in critically ill patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 385:777–789. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2103417CrossRef

63.

INSPIRATION Investigators, Sadeghipour P, Talasaz AH, Rashidi F, Sharif-Kashani B, Beigmohammadi MT et al (2021) Effect of intermediate-dose vs standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulation on thrombotic events, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment, or mortality among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit: the INSPIRATION randomized clinical trial. JAMA 325:1620–1630. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.4152CrossRef

64.

Chow JH, Rahnavard A, Gomberg-Maitland M, Chatterjee R, Patodi P, Yamane DP et al (2022) Association of early aspirin use with in-hospital mortality in patients with moderate COVID-19. JAMA Netw Open 5:e223890. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3890CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

65.

Abdi M, Hosseini Z, Shirjan F, Mohammadi L, Abadi SSD, Massoudi N et al (2022) Effect of Aspirin on the prevention of pro-thrombotic states in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: systematic review. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525720666220401102728CrossRefPubMed

66.

RECOVERY Collaborative Group (2022) Aspirin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial. Lancet 399:143–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01825-0CrossRef

67.

Søgaard KK, Horváth-Puhó E, Grønbaek H, Jepsen P, Vilstrup H, Sørensen HT (2009) Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with liver disease: a nationwide population-based case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 104:96–101. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2008.34CrossRefPubMed

68.

Loffredo L, Pastori D, Farcomeni A, Violi F (2017) Effects of anticoagulants in patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 153:480–487.e1. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.04.042CrossRefPubMed

69.

Iavarone M, D’Ambrosio R, Soria A, Triolo M, Pugliese N, Del Poggio P et al (2020) High rates of 30-day mortality in patients with cirrhosis and COVID-19. J Hepatol 73:1063–1071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.06.001CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

70.

Barbieri A, Robinson N, Palma G, Maurea N, Desiderio V, Botti G (2020) Can beta-2-adrenergic pathway be a new target to combat SARS-coV‑2 hyperinflammatory syndrome?-lessons learned from cancer. Front Immunol 11:588724. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.588724CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

71.

Kang SH, Cho D‑H, Choi J, Baik SK, Gwon JG, Kim MY (2021) Association between chronic hepatitis B infection and COVID-19 outcomes: a Korean nationwide cohort study. PLoS ONE 16:e258229. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258229CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

72.

Hsu C‑K, Chen C‑Y, Chen W‑C, Lai C‑C, Hung S‑H, Lin W‑T (2022) The effect of sofosbuvir-based treatment on the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Antimicrob Agents. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2022.106545CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

73.

Kow CS, Javed A, Ramachandram D, Hasan SS (2021) Clinical outcomes of sofosbuvir-based antivirals in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2022.2000861CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

74.

Colmenero J, Rodríguez-Perálvarez M, Salcedo M, Arias-Milla A, Muñoz-Serrano A, Graus J et al (2021) Epidemiological pattern, incidence, and outcomes of COVID-19 in liver transplant patients. J Hepatol 74:148–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.07.040CrossRefPubMed

75.

Timmermann L, Globke B, Lurje G, Schmelzle M, Schöning W, Öllinger R et al (2021) Humoral Immune Response following SARS-CoV‑2 Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients. Vaccines 9:1422. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121422CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

76.

Toniutto P, Falleti E, Cmet S, Cussigh A, Veneto L, Bitetto D et al (2022) Past COVID-19 and immunosuppressive regimens affect the long-term response to anti-SARS-CoV‑2 vaccination in liver transplant recipients. J Hepatol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2022.02.015CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

77.

Schrezenmeier E, Rincon-Arevalo H, Jens A, Stefanski A‑L, Hammett C, Osmanodja B et al (2022) Temporary antimetabolite treatment hold boosts SARS-CoV‑2 vaccination-specific humoral and cellular immunity in kidney transplant recipients. JCI Insight. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.157836CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

78.

de Wilde AH, Zevenhoven-Dobbe JC, van der Meer Y, Thiel V, Narayanan K, Makino S et al (2011) Cyclosporin A inhibits the replication of diverse coronaviruses. J Gen Virol 92:2542–2548. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.034983-0CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

79.

Kawazoe M, Kihara M, Nanki T (2021) Antirheumatic drugs against COVID-19 from the perspective of rheumatologists. Pharmaceuticals 14:1256. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14121256CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

80.

Gálvez-Romero JL, Palmeros-Rojas O, Real-Ramírez FA, Sánchez-Romero S, Tome-Maxil R, Ramírez-Sandoval MP et al (2021) Cyclosporine A plus low-dose steroid treatment in COVID-19 improves clinical outcomes in patients with moderate to severe disease: a pilot study. J Intern Med 289:906–920. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13223CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

81.

Belli LS, Fondevila C, Cortesi PA, Conti S, Karam V, Adam R et al (2021) Protective role of tacrolimus, deleterious role of age and comorbidities in liver transplant recipients with Covid-19: results from the ELITA/ELTR multi-center European study. Gastroenterology 160:1151–1163.e3. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.045CrossRefPubMed

82.

Solanich X, Antolí A, Rocamora-Blanch G, Padullés N, Fanlo-Maresma M, Iriarte A et al (2021) Methylprednisolone pulses plus Tacrolimus in addition to standard of care vs. standard of care alone in patients with severe COVID-19. A randomized controlled trial. Front Medt 8:691712. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.691712CrossRef

83.

Netti GS, Infante B, Troise D, Mercuri S, Panico M, Spadaccino F et al (2022) mTOR inhibitors improve both humoral and cellular response to SARS-CoV‑2 messenger RNA BNT16b2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.16958CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

84.

Hayashi T, Konishi I (2022) Cancer therapy with decreased SARS-CoV‑2 infection rates in cancer patients. Br J Cancer 126:521–522. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-021-01685-3CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Therapie von COVID-19 unter Berücksichtigung von Lebererkrankungen
verfasst von: Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Markus Cornberg
Dr. med. Christopher Dietz-Fricke
Publikationsdatum: 02.03.2023
Verlag: Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter: Leberzirrhose
Lebertransplantation
Lebertransplantation
Lebertransplantation
Lebertransplantation
Tocilizumab
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Lebertransplantation
Erschienen in: Die Gastroenterologie / Ausgabe 2/2023
Print ISSN: 2731-7420
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7439
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-023-00681-8

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

19.04.2024 | Vorhofflimmern | Nachrichten

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Therapie von COVID-19 unter Berücksichtigung von Lebererkrankungen

Zusammenfassung

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Parodontalbehandlung verbessert Prognose bei Katheterablation

Prostatakarzinom: EU initiiert neues Screeningkonzept

Blasenkarzinom – Biomarker statt Zytologie?

Antihypertensiva schützen auch alte Menschen noch vor Demenz

Update Innere Medizin

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Zusammenfassung

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2023

Mitteilungen der NDGG

COVID-19 und Lebererkrankungen

Folgen nach SARS-CoV-2-Infektion einschließlich Post-COVID-Syndrom

CME: Leberfunktionsstörungen bei geriatrischen Patienten

COVID-19 und Gastroenterologie

Versorgung von Lebertransplantierten während der COVID-19-Pandemie

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Parodontalbehandlung verbessert Prognose bei Katheterablation

Prostatakarzinom: EU initiiert neues Screeningkonzept

Blasenkarzinom – Biomarker statt Zytologie?

Antihypertensiva schützen auch alte Menschen noch vor Demenz

Update Innere Medizin