Background
Methods
Study population
Dependent variables
Independent variables
Multi-morbidity
Socioeconomics
Statistical analysis
Results
Study population
Licit prescription drug use in total population | |||
---|---|---|---|
Variables | Yes | No | |
N(%) | N(%) | ||
All | 205827 (66) | 108150 (35) | |
Gender | Female | 121682 (77) | 37021 (23) |
Male | 84145 (54) | 71129 (46) | |
Age | 20-29 | 23916 (51) | 23289 (49) |
30-39 | 27666 (53) | 24568 (47) | |
40-49 | 30419 (56) | 24293 (44) | |
50-59 | 34946 (65) | 19045 (35) | |
60-69 | 36745 (73) | 11376 (34) | |
70-79 | 27643 (87) | 4038 (13) | |
80- | 24492 (94) | 1541 (6) | |
Multi-morbidity | |||
level | 0 | 26822 (26) | 75013 (74) |
1 | 30364 (69) | 13491 (31) | |
2 | 51674 (80) | 12913 (20) | |
3 | 82988 (93) | 6595 (7) | |
4 | 10775 (99) | 126 (1) | |
5 | 3204 (99.6) | 12 (0.4) | |
Educational level* | 1 | 15377 (73) | 5732 (27) |
up to 60–69years | 2 | 16292 (62) | 10003 (38) |
3 | 74886 (60) | 50695 (40) | |
4 | 45296 (56) | 35001 (44) | |
Income level** | 1 | 55260 (70) | 23185 (30) |
2 | 59030 (75) | 19415 (25) | |
3 | 48816 (62) | 29630 (38) | |
4 | 42720 (55) | 35724 (45) |
Gender
Variables | OR (95%) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender1
| |||
Female | 1 | ||
Male | 0.41 (0.40-0.42) | 0.000 | |
Age (years)2
| |||
20-29 | 1 | ||
30-39 | 1.04 (1.001.08) | 0.027 | |
40-49 | 1.26 (1.221.08) | 0.000 | |
50-59 | 1.85 (1.781.88) | 0.000 | |
60-69 | 3.03 (2.943.03) | 0.000 | |
70-79 | 4.76 (4.545.00) | 0.000 | |
80 | 9.09 (8.3310.00) | 0.000 | |
Educational level3 up to 60–69 years | |||
1 | 1 | ||
2 | 0.97 (0.92-1.02)* | 0.261 | |
3 | 0.94 (0.90-0.99) | 0.014 | |
4 | 0.89 (0.85-0.93) | 0.000 | |
Income level3
| |||
1 | |||
2 | 1.16 (1.14-1.20) | 0.000 | |
3 | 1.06 (1.03-1.09) | 0.000 | |
4 | 1.05 (1.02-1.08) | 0.001 |
Variables | DDDs | Costs | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IRR (95%) | P-value | IRR (95%) | P-value | ||
Gender1
| |||||
Female | 1 | 1 | |||
Male | 0.97 (0.96–0.98) | 0.000 | 1.14 (1.13–1.15) | 0.000 | |
Age (years)2
| |||||
20–29 | 1 | 1 | |||
30–39 | 1.07 (1.05–1.09) | 0.000 | 1.07 (1.05–1.10) | 0.000 | |
40–49 | 1.50 (1.47–1.53) | 0.000 | 1.42 (1.39–1.46) | 0.000 | |
50–59 | 2.18 (2.14–2.22) | 0.000 | 1.63 (1.59–1.67) | 0.000 | |
60–69 | 2.97 (2.91–3.03) | 0.000 | 1.88 (1.84–1.92) | 0.000 | |
70–79 | 3.68 (3.60–3.76) | 0.000 | 1.95 (1.90–1.99) | 0.000 | |
80 | 4.50 (4.40–4.60) | 0.000 | 1.95 (1.91–2.00) | 0.000 | |
Educational level3
| |||||
up to 60–69 years | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
2 | 0.99 (0.96–1.02)* | 0.341 | 1.05 (1.02–1.09) | 0.002 | |
3 | 0.85 (0.83–0.87) | 0.000 | 0.96 (0.93–0.98) | 0.002 | |
4 | 0.78 (0.76–0.80) | 0.000 | 0.92 (0.89–0.94) | 0.000 | |
Income level3
| |||||
1 | 1 | 1 | |||
2 | 1.00 (0.99–1.02)* | 0.657 | 0.97 (0.96–0.99) | 0.001 | |
3 | 0.81 (0.80–0.82) | 0.000 | 0.83 (0.82–0.85) | 0.000 | |
4 | 0.73 (0.71–0.74) | 0.000 | 0.71 (0.70–0.72) | 0.000 |