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Erschienen in: Operative Orthopädie und Traumatologie 1/2014

01.02.2014 | Operative Techniken

Ligament bracing – Augmentierte Primärnaht bei multiligamentären Verletzungen des Kniegelenks

verfasst von: M. Heitmann, M. Gerau, J. Hötzel, A. Giannakos, Prof. Dr. K.-H. Frosch, A. Preiss

Erschienen in: Operative Orthopädie und Traumatologie | Ausgabe 1/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Operationsziel

Wiederherstellung der Kniegelenksstabilität durch primäre Kreuzbandnähte und Fadenaugmentationen im Rahmen einer Kniegelenksluxation.

Indikation

Kniegelenksluxationen Typ III und IV nach Schenck im Akutstadium. Die operative Versorgung sollte wenn möglich innerhalb der ersten 7 Tage nach Trauma erfolgen.

Kontraindikationen

Chronische Instabilitäten nach Kniegelenksluxation, refixierbare knöcherne Ausrisse, kritische Weichteilverhältnisse, akute Infektsituationen, mangelnde Compliance.

Operationstechnik

Rückenlagerung in elektrischem Beinhalter. Kurzer arthroskopischer Rundgang mit wenig Wasserdruck. Schenck Typ III medial und Typ IV: anteromediale parapatellare Arthrotomie; Schenck Typ III lateral: anteromediane Arthrotomie. Armierung der Bandstümpfe für die transossäre Ausziehnaht. Platzierung der VKB- und HKB-Bohrkanäle unter Zuhilfenahme arthroskopischer Zielgeräte. Extrakortikale Ausleitung der Fadenarmierungen und Einbringen der Fadenaugmentationssysteme. Einstellung der a.-p.-Translation über die Augmentationsfäden. Fixation der HKB-Augmentation in 70°- bis 90°-Flexion. Fixation der VKB-Augmentation in 20°- bis 30°-Flexion. Spannungsfreies Verknoten der transossären Ausziehnähte. Anschließend ggf. (postero)laterale und/oder mediale Stabilisierung.

Nachbehandlung

Teilbelastung mit 20 kg für 6 Wochen. Stabilisierende Orthesenbehandlung (z. B. Hypex-Lite®, Albrecht) in der Regel für 12 Wochen. Mobilisation des Kniegelenks unter aktiver Quadrizepsanspannung in den ersten 6 Wochen.

Ergebnisse

Insgesamt wurden 20 Patienten nach dem Prinzip des „ligament bracing“ operiert. Nachuntersucht wurden bisher 8 Patienten im Alter von 18–60 Jahren (Median 33 Jahre) nach 10–15 Monaten (Median 12 Monate). Subjektiv und objektiv stabile Bandverhältnisse mit sehr guten Ergebnissen zeigten 6 Patienten. Eine VKB-Rezidivinsuffizienz boten 2 Patienten; die Seitenbänder und das HKB waren dabei jeweils stabil. Die Evaluierung erfolgte mittels IKDC-, Tegner- und Lysholm-Score. Zur Objektivierung dienten neben der klinischen Untersuchung gehaltene Röntgenaufnahmen im Seitenvergleich. Komplikationen traten bei der vorgestellten Operationstechnik nicht auf. Im Rahmen der Nachbehandlung kam es bei 2 Patienten zu einem beginnenden Beugedefizit.
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Metadaten
Titel
Ligament bracing – Augmentierte Primärnaht bei multiligamentären Verletzungen des Kniegelenks
verfasst von
M. Heitmann
M. Gerau
J. Hötzel
A. Giannakos
Prof. Dr. K.-H. Frosch
A. Preiss
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Operative Orthopädie und Traumatologie / Ausgabe 1/2014
Print ISSN: 0934-6694
Elektronische ISSN: 1439-0981
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00064-013-0263-2

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